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Air Quality in Different Types of Archives
Mašková, Ludmila ; Smolík, Jiří
The study includes indoor/outdoor monitoring of the air quality in four archives in the Czech Republic, which representing different outdoor environments: Zlatá Koruna (rural), Třeboň (small city with seasonal tourism), Teplice (industrial area), and Prague (large city with traffic). The aim of this study is to investigate concentrations and sources of airborne PM and gaseous pollutants in the indoor environment of the archives, and to establish the relationship between the indoor and outdoor environment. In 2012 the measurements were performed at Třeboň and Zlatá Koruna during 4 intensive campaigns in different seasons of the year.
Fulltext: content.csg -  PDF
Plný tet: SKMBT_C22013091913340 - PDF
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Aerosol Particles in the Indoor Environment of the Týn Church in Prague
Mašková, Ludmila ; Smolík, Jiří
Particulate matter inside cultural heritage buildings possesses different degrees of risk to materials. Particles not only cause soiling but are abrasive, provide sites for surface reactions and have a potential to damage artifacts due to their hygroscopic nature (Hachtfield, 2005, Nazaroff et al., 1990). The aim of this study was to investigate concentrations and sources of airborne PM in the indoor environment of the Týn Cathedral in Prague.
Fulltext: content.csg - PDF
Plný tet: SKMBT_C22013091913200 - PDF
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Air Quality in the Indoor Environment of Libraries and Archives
Mašková, Ludmila ; Smolík, Jiří
The aim of this study is to investigate concentrations and sources of airborne PM and gaseous pollutants in the indoor environment of the archives, and to establish the relationship between the indoor and outdoor environment. In 2012 the measurements take place at Zlatá Koruna and Třeboň and in 2013 at Osek and Prague. The results indicated outdoor air as the most probable source of particles in the indoor environment of archives at Zlatá Koruna and Třeboň. The penetration of particles at Třeboň was higher than at Zlatá Koruna. These results were confirmed by measurements of ventilation rate, which was at Třeboň almost ten times higher than at Zlatá Koruna.
Fulltext: content.csg - PDF
Plný tet: SKMBT_C22012102615332 - PDF
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The Evaluation Methods for Indoor Air Quality in Libraries
Mašková, Ludmila ; Smolík, Jiří
The aim of the project is a development of evaluation methods for indoor air quality in libraries and archives, targeted at reduction of damages on archival collections caused by adverse effects of environment. The project includes indoor/ outdoor monitoring of gaseous pollutants and particulate matter (PM) at 4 different archives: Zlatá Koruna, Třeboň, Osek, and Prague, representing different outdoor environments: rural, small town with seasonal tourism, industrial area, and large city with traffic. The adverse effects of deteriorated environment will be studied by comparison of identical copies of books from these locations. Parallel to field studies the deterioration of paper caused by deposited PM will be studied at laboratory conditions. The air exchange rate and transport of pollutants in the indoor environment will be also investigated at all locations leading to precautions reducing the adverse effects of outdoor air pollution.
Fulltext: content.csg - PDF
Plný tet: SKMBT_C22012091713220 - PDF
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Deposition of Aerosol Particles on Filter Surfaces
Smolík, Jiří ; Mašková, Ludmila ; Zíková, Naděžda ; Ondráček, Jakub
The simple model showed that the particle penetration and deposition depend on particle size and width of the gap, with the depth of the penetration limited by parallel diffusional deposition on filter surfaces. Smaller particles penetrate faster and deeper resulting in higher particle number concentration of deposited particles but higher mass is transported by larger particles. The results of modelling have been qualitatively confirmed by Ion Chromatography using sulphate as marker for deposited particles.
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Pollutants in the Indoor Air in the Baroque Library Hall of the National Library in Prague
Mašková, Ludmila ; Smolík, Jiří ; Džumbová, Lucie ; Ondráček, Jakub ; López-Aparicio, S. ; Grontoft, T. ; Stankiewicz, J.
Indoor air pollution in the exhibition rooms is a serious risk to works of art stored there. In the Baroque Library Hall of the National Library we examined concentrations and compositions of aerosol particles, temperature, relative humidity and concentrations of gaseous pollutants CO2, O3, SO2, NO2, NH3, HNO3 and formic and acetic acids. Time variation of fine particles concentration indicated outdoor origin with traffic as the most probable source. The concentration of coarse particles revealed periodic increase and decrease, corresponding to beginning and end of visiting hours, indicating visitors as a source of these particles. The major water-soluble inorganic components of the fine particle mode were ammonium sulphate, nitrate, and ammonium, with indoor nitrate concentrations decreasing to zero. It was apparently caused by evaporation of ammonium nitrate after penetration indoors. This process also increased indoor concentrations of ammonia.
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Traffic Contribution to the Local Air Pollution
Smolík, Jiří ; Bízek, V. ; Schwarz, Jaroslav ; Ždímal, Vladimír ; Ondráček, Jakub ; Džumbová, Lucie ; Mašková, Ludmila
Particles emitted from the road transport represent one of the major aerosol source in the city environment. Due to the fact that increased aerosol concentrations are connected with higher morbidity and mortality, it is necessary to characterize and quantify these emissions in order to evaluate their effect on human health and environment. Road transport emissions include direct particle emissions from exhausts from attrition of brake lining, tires and roads and resuspended particles and indirect emissions in the form of secondary particles produced by chemical reactions of gaseous emissions.
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