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The importance of symbols for national identity formation in Scotland
Kluchová, Adéla ; Jelen, Libor (advisor) ; Burda, Tomáš (referee)
The Importance of Symbols for National Identity Formation in Scotland This diploma thesis deals with the importance of symbols for national identity formation in contemporary Scotland. Selected phenomena are explored from two points of view: the first one analyzes the symbols reproduced "from above" by the official tourist agency and political representation and occurence of these symbols in public space. The second examines the subjective perception of Scottish national identity and its symbols. A combination of mostly qualitative research methods has been used in the study, the analysis of virtual data (Hendl 2016) was complemented by findings from a field survey in Scotland, which included e.g. monitoring of the data concerning the occurence of Scottish national symbols in the public space, and 10 standardized open interviews with residents of Edinburgh and Glasgow. The symbols presented by the tourist agency are predominantly ethno-historical, such as tartan, thisle or traditional Scottish music, whereas the political representation of Scottish national identity is dominated by the symbolism of a fair, just and pacifist community and a clear definition of the Scottish national identity towards the English one. The subjective perception of Scottish national identity combines both approaches....
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Comparison of formation and activities of the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt and Jordan
Jelínek, Antonín ; Lepič, Martin (advisor) ; Jelen, Libor (referee)
Muslim Brotherhood is transnational Islamic movement that operates in the countries of northern Africa and the Middle East. Originally it used to be a charity organization focused on various social issues and it only later entered the political scene as well. The main goal of this bachelor thesis is to analyze and compare its activities and achievements within the political systems of Egypt and Jordan. The thesis also aims at verifying explanatory power of the institutionalization theory within the regimes with limited democratic functioning. More specifically, the thesis discusses possible influences of the Muslim Brotherhood's level of institutionalization onto its mobilization potential. The movement originates in Egypt, where it experienced many ups and downs in term of its access to the political arena. In contrast, the position of the Brotherhood was more stable in Jordan, mainly due to the cooperation with the king of Jordan. From the beginning of 90s the movement have participated in the political life of both analyzed countries mentioned above. Getting a presidency seat and majority in parliament in Egypt after the Arab Spring events is considered as the biggest success of the movement so far. Meanwhile in Jordan, the changes after the Arab Spring were not as significant. Nowadays, the...
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Russian geopolitics - constants and changes after the split of the USSR
Vosátková, Veronika ; Tomeš, Jiří (advisor) ; Jelen, Libor (referee)
As the diploma's thesis it was chosen the theoretical analysis of the geopolitical position of Russia. The primary objective of this study is the evaluation of current geopolitics of the Russian Federation after the collapse of Soviet Union and outlines its future development. This work tries to answer a few basic questions. What is the current geopolitical situation in Russia, in what direction it develops, and whether we can declare a major shift to any direction. The work is divided into several main parts. Introduction is followed by a theoretical grasp of key concepts and the main actors involved in geopolitics. The other two parts contain an analysis of the relationship of Russia to key actors such as the US and NATO, the EU, China, the near neighborhood in Central Asia and the Transcaucasia and geopolitics of oil and natural gas. The last is practical part, in which the information from the previous sections are applied to specific examples in Russian foreign policy. Keywords: Geopolitics, Russia, eurasianism, foreign policy, the US, the EU, China, Central Assia, NATO, energy policy, oil, natural gas
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Analysis of the Israeli far-right activities on the West Bank
Mrázek, Vojtěch ; Jelen, Libor (advisor) ; Nováček, Aleš (referee)
There are many negative consequences related to the Israeli occupation of the West Bank. The phenomenon of the settler's violence is one of them. The aim of the thesis is to explain the conditionality of the violence and to put it into context with Israeli political scene. A quantitative analysis is made to examine the relationship between Israeli far-right parties' electoral gains and the incidence of violence against Palestinians residents of the West Bank. Also, spatial analysis is made to measure the level of clustering of the incidents. To articulate the theoretical assumptions, the theory of social cleavages was used. In line with the assumptions, the results suggest that in Jewish settlements on the West Bank, there is statistically significant connection between Israeli far-right parties' electoral gains and the number of the violent incidents. The strongest correlation is proven between the incidents and the electoral gains of the parties influenced by Kahanism, a militant racist ideology. There is a weaker correlation between the incidence of violence and the electoral gains of the parties representing Religious Zionism, an ideology that combines religion and nationalism. The spatial distribution of the incidents was irregular. There was a clustering of high values in several areas,...
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Forms of Neo-Ottomanism Policy on the Example of Turkish Communities in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Kosovo
Blinka, Jakub ; Jelen, Libor (advisor) ; Žíla, Ondřej (referee)
This diploma project focuses on the Turkish minority in Kosovo, especially its role in current Kosovar-Turkish relations. The work examines the perception of Turkish engagement in Kosovo among members of this community and their affiliation with the state of Kosovo. In addition, the work will be related to the author's previous research of the Turkish community in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The work is divided into several parts, first it is pays attention to the theoretical framework of the Turkish foreign policy of strategic depth, so-called Neo- Ottomanism and then to the theoretical basis of nation, nationalism and identity. Furthermore, the historical and current relations between Turkey and Kosovo will be presented and it will be supplemented by basic informations about the Turkish minority of Kosovo. The main part of this work is a chapter devoted to the analysis of data from a fieldwork, which was conducted in two Kosovar localities (Mamusha and Prizen) in 2019. The results of this analysis are compared with Bosnian conclusions from 2017, based on which the Turkish strategy towards these Balkan countries will be evaluated. Key words: Neo-Ottomanism, Kosovo, Turkish Minority, National Identity
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The Troubles and its current cleavage lines - spatial analysis
Král, Josef ; Jelen, Libor (advisor) ; Vrhel, Matěj (referee)
Main goal of this work is searching for spatial patterns of The Troubles and analysing of their relation to cleavege lines of contemporary society of Northern Ireland. This work further examines relations between spatial layout of victims of The Troubles and characteristics of brexit referendum of 2016. Analysis was performer using Spearman corelation coefficient. Cleavage line theory was used in this work, which originates in work of Lipset and Rokkan. This work found existence of relations between spatial layout of The Troubles and some factors of brexit referendum of 2016. KEYWORDS Northern Ireland, Irish republicanism, The Troubles, unionism, referendum, brexit
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Syrian community in Czechia - differentiation of identities
Šoulová, Ivana ; Jelen, Libor (advisor) ; Čermáková, Dita (referee)
The goal of this bachelor's thesis is to examine the basic conditions of Syrian identities in the Czechia and to find out whether they have created a transnational form of identity. The analytical part is written on the basis of findings from qualitative research, which was conducted through an interviews with 15 respondents of Syrian origin living in the Czechia. Factors influencing Syrian immigration may be related to the year of their arrival in the Czechia. The identity of Syrians in the Czechia can be variable over time and is conditioned very individually. Elements of transnational identity are manifested mainly by the older generations of Syrians. The religion and surroundings in which Syrians in the Czechia grow up may have an impact on the creation of their transnational identity. The Syrian community in the Czechia is not very comprehensive and concurrently not show signs of a diasporic community. The geopolitical orientation of Syrians in the Czechia may be influenced by their ethnic or religious identity. key words: Syrians, migration, integration, transnationalism, community, identity
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The ethnopolitical mobilization in Caucasus a its regional differentiation
Jelen, Libor
The research is trying to extend a discussion about the causes and the course of the ethno-political mobilization leading to conflicts in the consideration of Caucasian events. The research has set two main targets : (1) the analysis of geographical, historical, demographical and social factors contributed to ethno-political mobilization and conflicts in the Caucasus in the late 80's. (2) the searching regional diferencies which should explain various mobilization intensity between the Caucasian ethnics. Three methodologicaly different parts shape this research. First part deals with historical analysis of events conected with the Russian colonization and subsequent "sovetization" of Caucasus. Secondly, in statistical analysis are proved selected historical, demographical and social factors (variables) through the use of correlation and regression analysis. The results should documented both relationships between the individual independent variables and their influence on dependent variable, i.e. intensity of the ethno-political mobilization. Last research part consists in analysis of geographical distrubution of particular factors in the Caucasian political units. The aim is to reveal regional specificity, which could determinate ethno-political mobilization and political development during the Soviet...
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Geopolitics of Iraqi Kurdistan: A Role of External and Internal Actors in Kurdish Issue
Sommer, Filip ; Jelen, Libor (advisor) ; Tureček, Břetislav (referee)
This thesis represents a comprehensive analysis of the geographical and geopolitical position of the Kurdistan regional government (KRG) as an official political institution of the Kurdistan region of Iraq (KRI). Firstly, it focuses on the internal issues of this institution and its division between two main Iraqi Kurdish political parties: KDP and PUK. Secondly, it examines the form of the relationships between the KRG and central government in Baghdad. The regional position of the KRG is explained by capturing the relationships among the KRG, the governments of the key regional countries (Turkey, Syria, Iran, Saudi Arabia and Israel) and important Kurdish political parties operating in this area (PKK, PYD, PJAK, HDP, ENKS and KDPI). Thirdly, the global actors (United States of America, Russian Federation and China) and their position towards the Iraqi Kurds, is also included. And finally, this thesis deals with the problematics of the Kurdish referendum of independence in 2017 and the role of ISIS as an "game changing" actor in the regional dynamics. This thesis builds on extensive search of scientific literature (about 70 titles), field research in the Kurdistan region of Iraq in the form of the interviews with 20 respondents and media reports on this topic and region. Additionally, this thesis...
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