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The ideal of knight and knighthood in medieval Czech literature
Tomášková, Tereza ; Hošna, Jiří (advisor) ; Škarpová, Marie (referee)
6 Abstract The thesis is focused on research on the ideal of chivalry and conception of the ideal knight in the medieval literary sources which were written in Czech. Based on the analysis of chivalric rhymed epic and selected chivalric short stories and a comparison of each character of the ideal knights the thesis determines the set of the most important attributes which contribute to formation of the ideal of knighthood. The ideal of knighthood comprises not only virtues such as knight's internal traits, qualities and skills, but the attributes which are rather external as well. The thesis provides mainly the closer analysis of honour, prowess and loyalty, which represent the central concepts of the chivalric ethic. It also deals with the conception of endurance, nobility, wisdom, generosity, piety and justice as other possible attributes of the ideal representative of knighthood.
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St. John of Nepomuk: Legend and anti legend in Czech literature
Bezstarosti, Jindra ; Hošna, Jiří (advisor) ; Vaněk, Václav (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the translation of the character of John of Nepomuk. First, it is focused on the character of John of Nepomuk like the historical personality. Second, this thesis describes character of John of Nepomuk like the baroque construct in literary works of Bohuslav Balbin. The thesis also deals with the genesis of St. John's anti-legend. The genesis is observed through long disputes about the character of John of Nepomuk. The translation considers the Nepomuk's legend to be at least as viable as the anti-legend. The proof of this theory that regards the both legend viable, the thesis recognizes in current Midsummer (St. John's) festivities.
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The Depicture of the Middle Ages in the Prokop Chocholoušek's Work
Beneš, Otakar ; Vaněk, Václav (advisor) ; Hošna, Jiří (referee)
The bachelor's essay deals with the historical proses of Prokop Chocholoušek with emphasis on those of the Czech middle ages. The goal has been to find and elaborate on characteristics of the authors work and establish his place in the Czech romantic prose context. The results are posted in several chapters. The essay consists of brief biography of P. Chocholoušek, outline of changes in historical prose during the National Revival and comparison of Prokop Chocholoušek with other historical prose writers. Furthermore, it contains summary of selected texts, analysis of the character-creation patterns, ways of space-time depiction, and patriotism and educational tendencies featured in the work.
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The exotism of the travels in the old czech voyages and the chivarlic novels
Heřmanská, Kateřina ; Hošna, Jiří (advisor) ; Matějec, Tomáš (referee)
The bacheloral work is aimed at the topic of the exotic area's construction in the old czech voyages (The Marco Polo's Million, The voyages called Mandevilla) and the chivarlic novels (The chronicle of Bruncvik, The Duke Ernest). We want to find connections between literary pictures of the exotic places and the common reception of the World and unknown space. Firstly we prepare simple teoretic base, which describe medieval people's dreams and ideas of the mysterious, exotic places on the East and the position of the new genres (voyages and chivarlic novel) in the czech literary context of the beggining of the 15th century. Than, we compair four old czech works, which use travels as the main theme of the story, and find the same or similar motives of the exotism. The construction of the place is made by three elements, which have their own symbolic meanings; it is a picture of the landscape, containned horrible deserts and pleasant spaces, fantastic or real flowers and animal, and mainly strange people, whose physical deformations reflect their different lifestyle. The conclusion of the results and their comparation to the teoretic base is described in the summary.
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Saint Procopius in literary sources
Dušek, Jan ; Hošna, Jiří (advisor) ; Matějec, Tomáš (referee)
The bachelor thesis Saint Procopius in Literary Sources is dedicated to Saint Procopius and The Monastery of Sázava in the period from the 11th to the 14th century. It observes the story both of this saint and the Slavonic monastery until 1097 on the basis of medieval legends about Saint Procopius. The thesis also deals with attitudes and opinions of historians and Slavists concerning information gained from the legends. These refer to the saint himself (e. g. his origin, Slavonic education, entry to monastery) as well as to the Monastery of Sázava, which is thus described as the well-known centre of Slavonic culture, and the residence of expelled Slavonic monk comunity during the period of 1055-1061. The depiction of the Monastery of Sázava until the 14th century is enlarged with the information about its situation in the Romanesque and Gothic period, which is known thanks to the archeological research done by Květa Richterová and Petr Sommer. This knowledge is discussed within the context of other works of art. Furthermore, the thesis deals with the position of Saint Procopius, our first saint canonized by pope in Rome, among the Czech saints.
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Both a hero and anti-hero in the national interrest (Notes on the typology of literary characters of the Polish Baroque period)
Vitoň, Jan ; Poslední, Petr (advisor) ; Hošna, Jiří (referee) ; Sobotková, Marie (referee)
Polish epic writing of the 16th and 1 i h century shows a marked effort to offer an ideal worth following to the, to a certain extent traditionalistic, aristocracy. Unlike the society in the Western Europe, whose literature had long abandoned the traditional knightly ideals, Poland, owing to its strategic position in the then Eastern Europe, the spheres of political interests and, last but not least, the intentionally formed myth of Poland as the bastion of European Christianity in relation to the Turkish threat, feels a need to revive the ancient ideal of the Knight of Christ and fill it with a new content. The traditionally exquisite literary form taken over from the antiquity is supposed to contribute to this. Although the internal structure of the then Polish society was unchanged, the knights had turned into landowners, who were willing to grasp arms in a situation of utmost need, but only for the necessary period and at the lowest possible costs, expecting soon to return to the quiet of their yards. This makes it difficult to create a great national epic meeting the demanding and socially required criteria; therefore, the period teems with translations and paraphrases of works by illustrious European authors, where the gradually forming national tradition combines with the originality of language,...
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The resources of life of Saint Elizabeth by Tomáš Štítný and the educational function of the work
Hanzová, Barbora ; Kolár, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Hošna, Jiří (referee)
Představa o jednotlivých světcích se v myslích lidí v průběhu dějin tvoří hlavně pomocí legend. Platí to i pro české dvacáté a jednadvacáté století, v němž došlo k tak mocnému odklonu od křesťanstvÍ. Dnes se většina lidí setkává se svatými pouze v legendách, které jsou součástí povinné školní četby, nebo si je maximálně pak připomene na turistickém výletě za zajímavostmi, když projdou kolem sochy stojící na mostě nebo si v kostele prohlédnou místní výzdobu. Světci jsou pro člověka tak zvané "moderní společnosti" vyjma zasvěcených osob zajímavými jevy, ale jde spíše o něco samostatného, minulého, vzdáleného, jaksi neživého. Ale jak živé byly tyto osobnosti dříve! V dobách, kdy veškeré znalosti a dovednosti člověk získal od své rodiny, místního faráře, duchovního vůdce vesnice, a kdo měl více možností, od pana učitele. Kdy pojem "světa" byl roven "neznámu", protože byl pro ně příliš vzdálený, kdy měli lidé svůj vlastní svět, který tvořilo několik okolních vesnic a měst. Člověk se ve škole učil jen těm opravdu základním praktickým a užitečným poznatkům, jež uplatnil ve své roli sedláka, obchodníka, kováře, hrnčíře a všech dalších. Dále byl již od malička formován křesťanstvím, které působilo na celou tehdejší společnost. Přinášelo odpovědi na základní filozofické otázky chápání světa a dávalo společnosti řád....
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Authorship identification in case of songs for several voices in Czech hymnal from museum in Hradec Králové that were not written by Adam Václav Michna z Otradovic
Janosik-Bielski, Marek ; Hošna, Jiří (referee) ; Kolár, Jaroslav (advisor)
Od nepaměti člověk vyjadřuje všeliká hnutí ducha také navenek, ať už neurčitým zvukem, nebo slovem. Slovo jako takové může často vyjádřit více než pouhý zvuk, někdy však je bud' nedostatečné, nebo naopak na škodu. Člověk proto skloubil slovo s vlastnostmi jiných, neurčitých zvuků a vytvořil slovo zpívané, které plněji vyhovuje jeho vyjadřovací potřebě v případě uvedeném výše. A jako je slovo na počátku všeho Gak krásně - ačkoli v jiném kontextu - praví svatý Janl ) aje základem řeči, tak slovo zpívané tvoří základ zpěvu. Zpěvem lidé od pradávna vyjadřovali své city, nálady a přesvědčení (zpěvem mezi sebou i komunikovali); toto se později přeneslo i do prostředí církevního, v němž se nakonec především chrámový zpěv a různé druhy hymnů a sekvencí napevno usadily a staly se jeho samozřejmou součástí. Avšak daleko dříve, než se tak stalo v celém církevním prostředí, staly se zpěvy v národním jazyce pevnou součástí liturgie slovanské, a to především české, kde zcela v rozporu s dosavadními zvyklostmi římskokatolické církve bylo s bohoslužbou spjato několik zpěvů, které žádná světská ani církevní moc nedokázala vymýtit (ne nadarmo se říká "co Čech, to muzikant"). Musela na to být papežem udělena výjimka. Tak tomu bylo na samém prahu chrámového zpěvu v Čechách a tato skutečnost dala ráz i praxi budoucí. Další,...
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