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The study of utilization of raw materials based on glass recyclate
Bajer, Tomáš ; Čermák, Jan (referee) ; Šťastník, Stanislav (advisor)
Presented work deals with the problem of solar glass waste recycling. In theoretical part recent EU regulation regarding waste management is presented. Different ways of PV panels recycling are explained as well as raw materials for glass production are listed. Differences between regular and solar glass is explained. In experimental part different recipes using solar glass waste and polymer binders are presented. Grindability was tested on specimen tiles. Potential of solar glass waste for manufacturing products with acoustic properties was examined.
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Toy or Toxic Waste?: Our study is a continuation of the investigations of IPEN and Arnika that found octaBDE, decaBDE and HBCD in Rubik's cubes, children's toys and hair accessories, i.e., products that were not treated with these substances but made of recycled plastic.
Petrlík, Jindřich ; Straková, Jitka
Our study is a continuation of the investigations of IPEN and Arnika that found octaBDE, decaBDE and HBCD in Rubik's cubes, children's toys and hair accessories, i.e., products that were not treated with these substances but made of recycled plastic. The previous study indicates that banned brominated flame retardants commonly found in hazardous electronic and building waste are recycled into new products where they were not present historically. We conducted additional sampling to further examine whether toxic substances are being recycled into children’s toys on the Czech market.
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Health Risk Assessment of Selected Factors of Working Environment and Occupational Health Services in the Field of Recycling and Processing of Secondary Raw Materials and Waste
DVOŘÁKOVÁ, Sára
This thesis deals with the evaluation of health risks of chosen factors in the work environment and medical services in the recycling and secondary raw materials and waste processing field. The goal of the thesis is to chart companies which handle recycling and secondary raw materials and waste processing in the South Bohemian Region, to find out the risk factors that go in hand with this work and to determine in which work category these workers belong. I have determined three hypotheses within the research. Hypothesis 1: The nature of the work activities does not correspond with suggested risks. Hypothesis 2: The workers are not equipped with tools in accordance with detected risks. Hypothesis 3: The workers of companies dealing with recycling and secondary raw materials and waste processing do not attend the necessary medical check-ups. The thesis consists of a theoretical and a practical part. In the theoretical part I have introduced the risk factors connected to recycling and secondary raw materials and waste processing. I have covered the problematics of medical services for the employees, occupational disease and the protection of health from unfavorable effects of the work environment. To reach my goal, I have utilized quantitative research methods. For data collecting I have used anonymous surveys in the area of the South Bohemian Region. In the survey, I have adressed scrapyards, composting plants, collection yards and waste dumps. The collected data were processed by the Microsoft Excel program. The obtained data may be used as an information source for students as well as for employers and employees in companies handling secondary raw materials and waste processing.
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Possibilities of recycling in the sand aerated concrete technology
Kostura, Patrik ; Kulísek, Karel (referee) ; Drochytka, Rostislav (advisor)
Waste of the aerated concrete is generated directly from the production of aerated concrete or from the constructions. The options for handling aerated concrete are two. We can deal with it as a light aggregate or as a material for the production of aerated concrete. Based on the physico-mechanical properties, the decision was made that aerated concrete is suitable as a light aggregate. The brash as a light aggregate was tested in two variants of the softness (0-2 mm, 0.25-2 mm). Evaluation of the brash as a suitable material for the production of aerated concrete consisted of the creation of laboratory-autoclaved composites. The brash was tested in different ratios (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%), two variants of fineness (0-2 mm, 0-0.25 mm) and two formulations (lime base, fluffy fly ash). Silicon sand was replaced. Based on physico-mechanical properties and microstructural analysis (XRD, SEM), was found that aerated concrete as a material is suitable for 40% sand substitution.
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The Use of Alternative Sources in the Building Industry
Dvořák, Jakub ; Vymazal, Tomáš (referee) ; Žižková, Nikol (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is focused on the use of waste as alternative raw materials in construction industry. The first part is dedicated to the historical development of waste management, to the valid legislation in the Czech Republic in 2017 and outlines the distribution of waste according to various criteria. The information about waste production and waste management is processed in the form of tables and graphs. The more extensive second part of the thesis uses theoretical knowledge in the field of waste management and on the base of the Waste Separation Catalog is composed a list of waste materials which can be used in construction industry. Further are described the possibilities of suitable waste utilization at production and also mentioned some particular construction products with their features.
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Elemental analysis of the flat display devices for urban mining
Štípek, Radek ; Strnad, Ladislav (advisor) ; Mihaljevič, Martin (referee)
aaaaaRare earth elements (Sc, Y and group 15 lanthanides) and their compounds currently have significant practical use in metallurgy, glass industry, as highly active catalysts for the production of so-called. NiMH batteries, alloys for the manufacture of permanent magnets and e.g. moderators rods in the nuclear energy, but above all they have an irreplaceable role in modern electronics for phosphors TV screens, CRT earlier today, PDP and LCD monitors and displays, tablets, mobile phones etc., which give them a high-quality picture and sound. Unlike most base and precious metals are concentrated in the conquerable ore deposits, occur in the form of compounds as part of mixed minerals in the rarely economically exploitable concentrations, a mining and processing is costly and negative impacts on the environment, paradoxically towards the title but their overall content in the crust is relatively high, the average concentration in the range of about 150 to 220 ppm. The main world producer of REE, China, in 2010, significantly reduced exports by 40 %, making prices of some REE increased up to 1500 % during the month. Demand for REE is growing, so often talks about the recycling of valuable materials back into production, as called. "Urban mining", ie "urban mining", thereby reducing the amount of...
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Landfilling legislation
Černý, David ; Sobotka, Michal (advisor) ; Humlíčková, Petra (referee)
Abstract AJ The goal of this thesis is to thoroughly chart the problem of waste management in Czech Republic and the European Union and to outline legal and economic situation in waste treatment and in its alternatives. This thesis deals with different types of landfills, their technical aspects and methods of depositing waste. The thesis also tries to point out material and energetic use of waste before landfilling. Recycling is considered to be important because it decreases the amount of waste stored in landfills. Composting and anaerobic digestion are the other methods of disposal. The thesis also describes the possibilities of usage of the landfill gasses with the help of cogeneration units. The thesis refers to current level of waste landfilling in the Czech Republic and in other countries of the European Union. Key words: waste management, landfilling, landfills, waste sorting, material recovery from waste, recycling, composting, energy recovery from waste, incineration,
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Plastic Age - plastics as a legitimate part of the arts and art education
Rokosová, Magdaléna ; Velíšek, Martin (advisor) ; Sedlák, Michal (referee)
Rokosová Magdaléna: Plastic Age - plastic as a legitimate part of the arts and art education [thesis], Prague 2015 - Charles university in Prague, Faculty of education, department of art This diploma thesis is focused on mapping the potential of synthetic or semi- synthetic polymeric materials as specific means for fine art and art education. The theoretical part summarizes the crucial moments and the possibility of using plastics in applied arts (design) as well as in free creation and their everyday use in various fields and the resulting significant determination of our lives with these materials, including adverse effects on human health and our planet. Didactic series uses the appropriate means with regard to addressing the topics and the target group of pupils in second level primary school. It gently draws attention to the amount of plastic waste produced, and also presents the possibility of using these materials for creative work. The artistic section is focused on original works of fine art with the use of synthetic materials and verifying their expected potential. Its content is mainly engaged in the contrast of artificial and natural world and the question of whether these two seemingly distant worlds are really separable.
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Application of renewable and recyclable raw materials for preparation of new polymers
Horák, Pavel
This thesis deals with optimalization of flexible polyurethane foam recycling with using of natural polyols based on rape seed oil and fish oil and it explores applications of depolymerized polyol product by formulations of new polyurethane materials. The experiments of depolymerisation showed that both tested natural oil (rape seed oil and fish oil) can be used as effective reagents for polyurethane recycling. Reaction conditions of depolymerisation were optimised with model flexible polyurethane foam and applied on waste foam from real conditions. Gain of depolymerisation is one-faze low viscosity (to 1500 mPa.s) liquid polyol products with content of hydroxyl groups ca 3 mmol/g. These polyols can be used for polymerisation of new materials. First application of recycled polyols was formulation of polyurethane foam systems. Through optimising of formula was prepared low-density semirigid foam containing 100 percentage of recycled polyol. Properties of these foams correspond to commercial foams. To prepare of homogenous cast polyurethane system based on recycled polyols it was necessary to add proper solvent, therefor extent of application has been lowered. On that account the systems were tested for study of polyaddition reaction and for following properties of the material. In these tests, the reactivity...
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