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Structure investigation of hydrogels using a cryo-SEM
Adámková, Kateřina ; Hrubanová, Kamila ; Samek, Ota ; Trudičová, M. ; Sedláček, P. ; Krzyžánek, Vladislav
Hydrogels can be characterized as elastic hydrophilic polymer chains connected in network\nwhich are able to swell notably when exposed to aqueous media by absorbing considerable\namounts of water. Besides being a constituent of living organisms, nowadays, there are\nvarious fields hydrated polymers (e.g. polyvinyl alcohol, collagen, and starch) can be utilized\n– in both biological and non-biological form. Classic examples of such applications are\nhuman health and cosmetics (contact lenses, wound healing dressings and artificial\nreplacement tissues – skin, arterial grafts, cornea and spinal disc replacement), pharmacy\n(drug delivery systems), bioengineering, food industry, agriculture etc. Also, hydrogels\ncan reversibly change their shape when being exposed to a temperature change.
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Principal component analysis of Raman spectroscopy data for determination of biofilm forming bacteria and yeasts
Šiler, Martin ; Samek, Ota ; Bernatová, Silvie ; Mlynariková, K. ; Ježek, Jan ; Šerý, Mojmír ; Krzyžánek, Vladislav ; Hrubanová, Kamila ; Holá, M. ; Růžička, F. ; Zemánek, Pavel
Many microorganisms (e.g., bacteria, yeast, and algae) are known to form a multi-layered structure composed of cells and extracellular matrix on various types of surfaces. Such a formation is known as the biofilm. Special attention is now paid to bacterial biofilms that are formed on the surface of medical implants, surgical fixations, and artificial tissue/vascular\nreplacements. Cells contained within such a biofilm are well protected against antibiotics and phagocytosis and, thus, effectively resist antimicrobial attack.\nA method for in vitro identification of individual bacterial cells as well as yeast colonies is presented. Figure 1 shows an an example of the biofilm formed by Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria and Candida parapsilosis yeasts known for forming biofilms. The\npresented method is based on analysis of spectral “Raman fingerprints” obtained from the single cell or whole colony, see figure 2(top). Here, Raman spectra might be taken from the biofilm-forming cells without the influence of an extracellular matrix or directly form the bacterial/yeast colony.
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