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Investigation of droplet nucleation in CCS relevant systems – Design and testing of a CO2 branch of the mixture preparation device.
Vinš, Václav ; Čenský, Miroslav ; Hykl, Jiří ; Hrubý, Jan
A unique in-house designed experimental apparatus for investigation of nucleation of droplets in CCS relevant systems is being developed by our team. The nucleation is measured with the help of a rapid pressure drop within an expansion chamber. In this study, a CO2 branch representing an important part of the mixture preparation device (MPD) was designed, assembled and tested. MPD is intended for preparation of CO2-rich mixtures in a sense of accurate setting of flow rates of individual gaseous components through the experimental section with the expansion chamber. In the CO2 branch, the saturated liquid CO2 is pressurized by a supercritical pump to the pressures of up to 340 bar. The required mass flow of the supercritical CO2 is accurately tuned with a help of a set of stainless steel capillary tubes. Needed lengths of the capillary tubes were determined with a help of a one-dimensional numerical model allowing prediction of both isothermal and adiabatic flow conditions.
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Statistical Analysis of Real Process Scrap
Širjovová, Zuzana ; Karpíšek, Zdeněk (referee) ; Bednář, Josef (advisor)
Quality, as well as stability of processes check is nowadays gaining on its significance. The main driving force of its increasing importance is the rapid expansion of series production. Large-scale manufacturing processes are concerned, in terms of the number of operators, direct and indirect influence on rejects, but also on process stability. There are several quality characteristics, defined by utility properties, that can be easily measurable (linear dimensions, solidity, elongation, humidity, concentration) or directly immeasurable, mostly subjective (fragrance, taste, color, comfort while using, appearance). Statistical Process Control-SPC features the preventive tool of quality control, because based on the early detection of significant divergences of the process from the predetermined level, it is possible to execute interventions in the process with the aim of maintaining the acceptable and stable level and improving the process. This manufacturing process check will be the topic of my thesis. At first, Shewhart's control charts analysis will be done to determine strong process instability. Consequently, analysis will be carried out in test chi-square, used to determine the influence of each factor on the process of stability (operators, type of shift, type of product, type of defect on the product). All the practical part will be processed in statistical software MINITAB15. The thesis will be complemented by the findings from the examination of the features of interval estimates of parameter p for binomial distribution - numeric stability in the various statistical software (specifically Minitab 15, Statistica, Matlab 7.8.0). Master's thesis was supported by project from MSMT of the Czech Republic no. 1M06047 Center for Quality and Reliability of Production.
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Využití magnetorezistivních senzorů v dynamice strojů
Vaněk, František ; Cibulka, Jan ; Vaněk, Petr
Magnetoresistive sensors of rotation with analogue or digital outputs were introduced at Senzor 99 exhibition in Nurberg by Philips and Siemens. They proved their usefulness in diagnostics of machine parts vibrating due to rotation. The rotating part of a machine passing the sensor induces changes of the outer magnetic field and consequently the electrical resistance of the bridge is varied and then the corresponding output voltage measured. In the present contribution typical measurements taken from engineering practise and their analyses are presented.
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Použití mikrovlnného plazmatu pro syntézu alfa-Fe nanočástic
Hoder, T. ; Kudrle, V. ; Frgala, Z. ; Janča, J. ; David, Bohumil
Microwave induced plasma decomposition of iron pentacarbonyl has been used to prepare iron nanosized particles. Vapours of iron pantacarbonyl have been introduced into argon surfaguide discharge, optical mission spectra have been taken and rotational and vibrational temperatures obtained. The temperatures were plotted as a functions of axial and radial distance and of iron pentacarbonyl concentration. Iron nanoparticles have been produced, XRD results and TEM images were obtained. The core-shell nanoparticles were observed, with alpha phase iron as a core and Fe(x)O(y)/C shell.
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Seismic Loading of Jeroným Mine during Swarm in Kraslice Region in 2008
Kaláb, Zdeněk ; Lednická, Markéta ; Knejzlík, Jaromír
Seismic loading of underground spaces of Jeroným Mine in 2008 was very low up to October 6, 2008. From this date, significant loading occurred because very intensive seismic swarm started in Kraslice region (about 25 km from mine). Induced vibrations did not evoke visible damages in underground spaces. In sum 451 earthquakes from Kraslice region were recorded in seismic station named JER1 within Oct. 6 – Dec. 10, 2008. The most intensive shock occurred in Oct. 14 (21:00); maximum value of component velocity reached 0.435 mm.s-1.
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Postup pro zkoumání stability rovnovážné polohy a nelineární odezvy rotoru uloženého v kapalinných ložiskách a majícím kotouč ponořený v neviskózní, nesmáčivé kapalině
Zapoměl, Jaroslav
Lateral vibration of rotors is significantly influenced by their supports and by their interaction with the medium in the ambient space. If the disc of the rotor is submerged in a liquid and if it vibrates, the pressure field is induced and the liquid acts by a force on the wall of the disc. It is assumed that the disc performs oscillations only with small amplitudes and it enables to describe the produced pressure field by a Laplace's equation and by the relation for the boundary conditions. The liquid is inwettable and it means that it does not lean to the disc surface and therefore no tangential forces acting on the disc are produced. The resulting force is obtained by integration of the pressure distribution around the circumference and along the height of the submerged part of the disc. Its components are proportional to the disc accelerations and it implies that the negatively taken coefficients of proportionality can be considered as additional masses.
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The stability investigation of vibrations of flexibly supported rigid rotors damped by hybrid magnetorheological damping elements
Zapoměl, Jaroslav ; Kozánek, Jan ; Ferfecki, Petr
A usual technological solution how to reduce the time varying forces transmitted between the rotor and its casing consists in application of a flexible suspension and in adding the damping devices to the constraint elements. To achieve their optimum performance their damping effect must be controllable. For this purpose a concept of a hybrid damping device working on the principle of squeezing the layers of normal and magnetorheological oils have been developed. Here in this paper, there is investigated influence of the proposed damping element on stability of the rotor vibrations induced by its imbalance during the steady state operating regimes. The stability is evaluated by two approaches: by utilization of a transition matrix and the Floquet theorem and by the evolutive method. The former determines the stability by means of magnitude of the largest eigenvalue of the transition matrix set up over the span of time of one period, the later by time evaluation of eigenvalues of the system linearized in a small neighbourhood of the steady state phase trajectory of the rotor during one period and calculation of the corresponding damping ratio or logarithmic decrement.
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