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Studium magnetismu ve sloučeninách CeTX3
Moudřík, Jan ; Prokleška, Jan (advisor) ; Javorský, Pavel (referee)
Solid solutions of BaNiSn3 type CeTX3 (T and X denote a transition met- al and Si/Ge, respectively) compounds were studied. Polycrystalline samples of solid solutions CeCoxRh1−xSi3 (x = 0.5, x = 0.8, x = 0.9 and x = 1.0) and CeIr(SixGe1−x)3 (x = 0.1, x = 0.4, x = 0.6 and x = 0.8) were successfully grown. A superconducting transition at 0.7-0.9 K was exhibited by all four compositions of the solution CeCoxRh1−xSi3. Based on measurements of specific heat, we con- clude that the superconductivity is probably caused by impurity phases. We have determined crystallographic, thermodynamic and magnetic properties of the solu- tion CeIr(SixGe1−x)3. Magnetic phase transition temperatures were established, the character of the transitions changed significantly in all four compositions, the temperatures themselves did not. 1
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Low temperature scanning tunneling microscopy
Sojka, Antonín ; Havlíček,, Marek (referee) ; Pavera, Michal (advisor)
The diploma thesis is divided into two main parts. The first part describes the production of chrome and cobalt tips for SP-STM with subsequent testing of chrome tips on the Fe-Ir system (111). Furthermore, the first results from the growth studies of niobium on iridium(111) are presented. In the second part is described in detail the experimental LT-STM microscope of the Faculty of Physical Engineering. The chapter deals with the development of the microscope and its testing on a HOPG sample under atmospheric and vacuum conditions. The chapter describes the biggest problems which were solved when the microscope was puting into operation state. The second part also introduces the design of a new vacuum transport system, which consists of a tip and sample transport pallet. At the end of the second part is described the testing of cooling systems for LT-STM and the design of their modifications.
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Transport properties of one dimensional magnetic nanostructures
Holobrádek, Jakub ; Liška, Jiří (referee) ; Vaňatka, Marek (advisor)
Magnetic nanowires have been recently under the scope for their specic properties and applications in microelectronics and sensors. This work deals with measurement of transport properties of nanowires in magnetic field. Nanowires prepared in the range of the thesis were grown by the physical vapor deposition method in colaboration with the University of Technology Sydney. The main task of the thesis was to develop a process of contacting single nanowires by electron beam lithography and measuring them using anisotropic magnetoresistance in angle dependent magnetic field. Characterization techniques such as transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and magnetic force microscopy were used to provide further analysis.
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Anizotropic magnetic properties of the tetragonal R2TIn8 compounds
Pajskr, Karel ; Javorský, Pavel (advisor) ; Svoboda, Pavel (referee)
This thesis deals with termodynamic and magnetic properities of the intermetalic compound Er2RhIn8. This compound is a member of the wide intermetalics family of RX3, RTX5 and R2TX8, crystallizing in related structures and having non-trivial magnetic properities and phase diagrams, including the Ce-based heavy-fermion superconductivity. The thesis is a part of the broader research of these compounds. Single Er2RhIn8 crystals were prepared from flux with their stoichiometry and structure verified by energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry and Laue method, respectively. Heat capacity and magnetization measurements were performed on the produced crystals and the measured data were analyzed. As a result, the compound was classified as antiferromagnetic under the order temperature of 3,8(1) K with an easy magnetization axis of [110] and relatively low magnetocrystalline anisotropy. Heat capacity measurements indicate a relatively small splitting of the energy levels of the rare-earth ion ground state due to the crystal field.
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Vliv struktury na magnetické vlastnosti vzácně zeminných intermetalických sloučenin.
Vališka, Michal ; Pospíšil, Jiří (advisor) ; Javorský, Pavel (referee)
Náplní této práce je zkoumání vlivu symetrie na magnetické vlastnosti a supravodi- vost vzácně zeminných intermetalických sloučenin. Byly úspěšně připraveny polykrys- talické vzorky sloučenin YIr2Si2, LaIr2Si2 a SmIr2Si2 a to v podobě vysokoteplotní i nízkoteplotní fáze. Nízkoteplotní fáze byla připravena žíháním, jehož korektnost byla potvrzena pomocí DTA analýzy. Složení obou polymorfních fází bylo potvrzeno pomocí EDX analýzy a pomocí práškové rentgenové difrakce. V případě YIr2Si2 byly mřížové parametry získané difrakcí srovnány s teoretickými výpočty s velmi uspokojivým souhlasem. Z analýzy měrných tepel vyplývá, že vysokoteplotní fáze YIr2Si2 je supravodivá při TSC =2,50 K a LaIr2Si2 při TSC =1,49 K. Nebyly nalezeny žádné stopy po supravodivosti nízkoteplotních fází obou sloučenin až do teploty 0,35 K. Tato měření byla podpořena výsledky teplotní závislosti elektrického odporu. V případě sloučeniny SmIr2Si2 byly pomocí analýzy měrného tepla nalezeny magnet- ické přechody při teplotách 1,7 K, 6,2 K a 18,8 K pro vysokoteplotní fázi a při 1,9 K, 6,1 K a 38,9 K pro fázi nízkoteplotní. Dále byl shledán náznak přechodu při teplotě nižší než 0,5 K a to v obou fázích. M·že se jednat o další magnetický pře- chod nebo jaderný Schottkyho příspěvek. Magnetismus obou Sm fází je dán charak- teristickým...
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Solved Problems in Electromagnetism for Electronic Collection
Pošta, Petr ; Koupilová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Ledvinka, Tomáš (referee)
This thesis is a follow-up to several bachelor and diploma theses which were dedicated to creating solved problems for Electronic Collection of Solved Problems in Electromagnetism. The first goal of this thesis was to make a short survey about electronic resources in electromagnetism, especially those which contain solved problems and provide open access to their contents. The second goal was to make a small collection of solved problems in this area which would be suitable for undergraduate students and which would fill in chapters with little amount of problems in the Electronic Collection. This Electronic Collection is openly accesible on the website of Department of Physics Education. Total of 30 solved problems have been made in this thesis, including hints, detailed solutions and suitable pictures. Methodical comments are also available for almost all problems.
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Design of magnetic bearing for pump
Pruša, Radomír ; Ondrůšek, Čestmír (referee) ; Huzlík, Rostislav (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is to design a magnetic bearing system for a pump. The use of magnetic bearings is based on the necessity of preventing the contact of the pumped fluid with a lubricant. The designed passive bearing consists of three axially polarized annular magnet using repulsive magnetic forces. The designed eight-pole radial bearing is formed by a laminated stator with salient poles and two-layer concentric winding. The rotor of the bearing is hollow because it also serves as a liquid supply of the impeller to centrifugal pump. The design of both bearings is based on the finite element method from the software ANSYS Maxwell. The results from simulating the axial bearing forces have been compared with the values obtained from experimental laboratory measurements. The component stress has been verified by implementing the function of stress analysis in Autodesk Inventor. The work includes research on the topic of constructing active and passive magnetic bearings.
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Spectral analyzing and characterization of magnetic atoms and investigating superconducting films in low temperature STM
Cahlík, Aleš ; Jelínek,, Pavel (referee) ; Šikola, Tomáš (advisor)
This work is divided in two thematic parts. The first part shows a refurbishment of a Omicron low temperature STM set-up and its utilization for preparation of superconducting-magnetic interfaces. First, a cleaning procedure of suitable metallic substrates, specifically W(110) and Ir(111), is shown. It is followed by results of iron monolayer deposition on Ir(111) (Fe-Ir(111) interface). The last section deals with study of vanadium growth on pure Ir(111) substrate as well as on mentioned Fe-Ir(111) interface. The second thematic part deals with magnetism of cobalt atoms on a monolayer metal dichalcogenide WS2. It focuses primarily on studying their magnetic moment and magnetic anisotropy using X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD).
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Change of magnetic susceptibility during the germination of plants
Sedlář, Petr ; Fiala, Pavel (referee) ; Vlachová Hutová, Eliška (advisor)
The work examines the changes in the magnetic susceptibility during the early germination of the somatic embryo (RSE) of the Norway spruce. Susceptibility is in the physically view the property, which can be used to determine a variety of parameters and properties of the measured objects. The aim of this work was to create a automatic to evaluate the susceptibility of the tissue RSE and take measurements to prove or disprove the contrary of the accuracy of this assessment. This work contains the results obtained by modeling a script in Matlab, in which can be shown the correctness of the theoretical concepts.
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Electromagnetic pulse accelerator of projectiles
Žamberský, Jan ; Jirák, Josef (referee) ; Frk, Martin (advisor)
Tato práce se zabývá použitím magnetického pole k urychlení projektilů v zařízení zvaném coilgun. Je složena ze dvou částí, z nichž první je teoretická diskuze o magnetismu a jeho využití, druhá část je o vlastním coilgunu, jeho výhodách a nevýhodách. Následuje série měření na dvou experimentálně postavených coilgunech a jejich optimalizace pro dosažení co nejlepších výsledků. První část probírá více témat. Na začátku je krátká kapitola, ve které se definuje magnetické pole a s ním související konstanty a jevy. Další dvě kapitoly jsou zaměřeny na různé typy materiálů, především feromagnetik, jak reagují na přítomnost magnetického pole a jakými parametry jsou specifikovány. Dále je výčet některých aplikací magnetizmu napříč lidskou společností. V druhé části se popíše princip coilunu a jak byly prototypy vyrobeny. Měření na prvním prototypu je zaměřeno na testování různých materiálů projektilu, jeho rozměrů a přínosy externího magnetického obvodu okolo cívky. Taktéž je tam kapitola pojednávající o způsobu měření rychlosti projektilu. Druhý prototyp se snaží eliminovat nedostatky zjištěné na prvním a prozkoumat výhody vícenásobného urychlení na dalších stupních.
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