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Self-assembly of boron cluster compounds and their coassembly with polymers
Ďorďovič, Vladimír ; Matějíček, Pavel (advisor) ; Adamczyk-Wozniak, Agnieszka (referee) ; Nunez Aguilera, Maria Rosario (referee)
This thesis focuses on the self-assembly of the boron cluster compounds and the coassembly of metallacaborane cobalt bis(dicarbollide), COSAN, with hydrophilic polymers. The research was motivated by the discovery of HIV inhibition by COSAN and its conjugates. Therefore, we decided to study in detail the behavior of boron cluster compounds in water. We demonstrated the amphiphilic character of several boranes and carboranes by the study of surface tension and self-assembly despite the absence of classical amphiphilic topology. The behavior of COSAN showed similarities with classical surfactants, such as SDS, whereas the behavior of smaller clusters with high charge density reminded of hydrotropes or chaotropes. Furthermore, we searched for the most suitable carriers of COSAN for drug delivery. Based on the earlier findings that COSAN interacts with both poly(ethylene oxide), PEO, and poly(2-oxazoline), POX, we prepared nanoparticles by mixing COSAN with block copolymers of various types of POX. Comparing linear and star-like block copolymers, we showed that the polymer architecture has a crucial role in the morphology of nanoparticles. In addition, we proved different selectivity of alkaline cations towards PEO and POX, resulting in the different structures of nanoparticles depending on the present...
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Application of renewable and recyclable raw materials for preparation of new polymers
Horák, Pavel
This thesis deals with optimalization of flexible polyurethane foam recycling with using of natural polyols based on rape seed oil and fish oil and it explores applications of depolymerized polyol product by formulations of new polyurethane materials. The experiments of depolymerisation showed that both tested natural oil (rape seed oil and fish oil) can be used as effective reagents for polyurethane recycling. Reaction conditions of depolymerisation were optimised with model flexible polyurethane foam and applied on waste foam from real conditions. Gain of depolymerisation is one-faze low viscosity (to 1500 mPa.s) liquid polyol products with content of hydroxyl groups ca 3 mmol/g. These polyols can be used for polymerisation of new materials. First application of recycled polyols was formulation of polyurethane foam systems. Through optimising of formula was prepared low-density semirigid foam containing 100 percentage of recycled polyol. Properties of these foams correspond to commercial foams. To prepare of homogenous cast polyurethane system based on recycled polyols it was necessary to add proper solvent, therefor extent of application has been lowered. On that account the systems were tested for study of polyaddition reaction and for following properties of the material. In these tests, the reactivity...
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Solid-state NMR study of structure and segmental dynamics of pharmaceutical materials based on the solid dispersions of drugs in polymer matrices.
Policianová, Olívia ; Brus, Jiří (advisor) ; Smrček, Stanislav (referee) ; Dračínský, Martin (referee)
Highly-exact structural characterization is the crucial step in the development and manufacturing process of pharmaceutical materials. Their structural composition is, however, often very complex and hardly identifiable. The eligible way for obtaining definite structural interpretation of these systems appears the high-resolution solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) spectroscopy. For this purpose the reliable tool - the ssNMR toolbox for comprehensive characterization of various pharmaceutical solids is described. The rigorous optimization of ssNMR techniques is carried out on enormous number of measured samples containing active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) with systems ranging from APIs formulated in solid dispersions to pure forms revealing extensive molecular disorder. In this study the influence of polymeric matrix on the creation of solid dispersion type susceptible for finely tuned controlled drug release is likewise discussed. The distinction between variable structural alignments of API molecules in 3D dimension of complicated pharmaceutical solids is allowed via simple strategy - factor analysis applied to hardly describable ssNMR spectra (13 C CP/MAS NMR and 19 F MAS NMR). The results of this ssNMR investigation contribute to better understanding of solid dispersion...
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Stents and their applications in medicine
Sokl, Antonín ; Němec, Karel (referee) ; Molliková, Eva (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor thesis, which deals with types of stents and their use in medical area, is the provision od detailed reserches of the most frequently used biomaterials, namely details of metals, ceramics, polymers and composites, considering the suitability of their use for the production of substitutes for particular human body structures. The introductory chapters are devoted to external and internal fixation for fractures, dental implants and replacement of renal function. The following chapters deals with stents and their possible variations, especially the chapters are about esophageal stents, prostatic stents and ureteral stents. The final part of this thesis contains a detailed definition of coronary stents, their functional and shape modifications.
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Application of Modern Technologies to Production of Prototype Form
Pospíšil, Josef ; Zemčík, Oskar (referee) ; Sedlák, Josef (advisor)
This Diploma Thesis deals with modern technologies such as 3D scanning, rapid prototyping and vacuum casting to production of prototype form. It considers advantages and disadvantages of the modern technologies compared to traditional process of manufacturing prototype form and economical contribution using the modern technologies. Part of the thesis considers a choice of suitable manufacturing technology of a particular product.
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Defects at injection molding
Kuchař, Petr ; Kandus, Bohumil (referee) ; Žák, Ladislav (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor thesis was a literary study of defects created in the injection molding process of plastic materials. The study of the injection technology itself was carried out in the first part of this work. Second part of this thesis is focused on the study of defects accompanying the plastic injection process, their distribution, description, causes of the origin and possibilities of repair. Among the most problematic obvious defects accompanying the plastic injection process are the weld lines and the defects associated with. In the case of hidden defects, it is particularly internal tension. The individual defects are supplemented by suitable pictures and tables for more clarity and transparency, where the causes of the origin and the possibility of repairing specific defects are more analyzed.
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Metallization of technical plastics for lightweight traffic components with reduced fuel consumption
Sanetrníková, Dominika ; Boušek, Jaroslav (referee) ; Šimůnková, Helena (advisor)
The beginning of this thesis is dedicated to polymeric materials, which include plastics an composites. Plastics are shortly divided into two groups, thermoplastics and thermosets. The following part is the use of plastics and composites in traffic industry and briefly this work focuses on techniques of recycling of this materials. This work also focuses on the techniques of thin film deposition, electroless plating, electrodeposition as well and plating in the vacuum environment. special techniques of thin film deposition are also mentioned shortly. The coatings of polymer including cleaning and surface activation is introduced using various techniques including plasma treatment. The surface treatment of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is included too. The final part describes performed experiments and discussion of results.
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Application of renewable and recyclable raw materials for preparation of new polymers
Horák, Pavel ; Beneš, Hynek (advisor) ; Cajthaml, Tomáš (referee)
This thesis deals with optimalization of flexible polyurethane foam recycling with using of natural polyols based on rape seed oil and fish oil and it explores applications of depolymerized polyol product by formulations of new polyurethane materials. The experiments of depolymerisation showed that both tested natural oil (rape seed oil and fish oil) can be used as effective reagents for polyurethane recycling. Reaction conditions of depolymerisation were optimised with model flexible polyurethane foam and applied on waste foam from real conditions. Gain of depolymerisation is one-faze low viscosity (to 1500 mPa.s) liquid polyol products with content of hydroxyl groups ca 3 mmol/g. These polyols can be used for polymerisation of new materials. First application of recycled polyols was formulation of polyurethane foam systems. Through optimising of formula was prepared low-density semirigid foam containing 100 percentage of recycled polyol. Properties of these foams correspond to commercial foams. To prepare of homogenous cast polyurethane system based on recycled polyols it was necessary to add proper solvent, therefor extent of application has been lowered. On that account the systems were tested for study of polyaddition reaction and for following properties of the material. In these tests, the reactivity...
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