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Synthesis and Analysis of Composite Oxide Ceramics in Presence of Nonconventional Energetic Fields
Bartoníčková, Eva ; Lapčík, Ĺubomír (referee) ; Zmeškal, Oldřich (referee) ; Cihlář, Jaroslav (advisor)
Synthesis and bulk analysis of composite ceramic oxide materials and materials with perovskite-defect structure is presented within this work. Syntheses of these advanced ceramics materials were carroed out by using of nonconventional techniques (microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis and polycondensation techniques) and by conventional mechanochemical activation followed by high temperature solid state reaction. X-Ray difraction (XRD), Rietveld analysis, scaning microscopy (SEM), microalysis EDS-SEM, thermal analysis (TG), infrared spectroscopy (IR), determination of particles size and specific surface area were used for description of synthesized products. In case of perovskite system based on La-Sr-Fe-Ti-O electrochemical properties were studied. Part of work was focused on chemical analysis of synthesized composite oxide materials and decomposition hard structured products by using of nonconventional fields.
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Care for children with a suspicion to a congenital hearing disorder after their discharge from the hospital
POLÍVKOVÁ, Iveta
Hearing is one of the most important human senses. Allows communication in spoken language, so it is an important part of the communication process. Even when a child seemingly passively listens, learns that human speech is a means of communication, learns to understand the individual words, recognizing emotional overtones of speech, to distinguish different types of voice. From this perspective, emphasis is placed on early detection of hearing loss. Not all children are born hearing. Based on the implementation of hearing screening for all newborns, physiological and pathological, thrives as soon as possible to diagnose hearing loss or other problems and thus can be initiated early treatment. Next should also be provided to a child suitable care for the development of its communication. Birth of a disabled child is very hard for parents and often to others. Repeatedly, this problem is seen as a failure in the parental role. First of all, the parents of the child with a hearing loss has to cope with a difficult process with their child's disability. Where it is established permanent hearing loss, it is also a very serious health problem. Axle condition is most successful if it is initiated in the first months of life. This means that neonatal screening for hearing loss shortly after birth has a high potential to improve quality of life and life chances affected. During the identification of the extent and intensity of hearing loss in their child, parents should be empathically and helpfully informed. They should be informed about all the possibilities of raising a child with hearing impairment and the possibilities of compensation hearing disorders and the use of assistive devices. Important role in the whole process plays a combination of individual elements of the system, which the parents and their child acts. In the process should be involved experts and specialists who are able to provide appropriately chosen by parents all the information about the current situation in which they are. In the research part of the thesis, I used qualitative research method, which is designed for a small number of respondents. In preparing the interview I respect the work and the objective comprehensibility issues. The aim is to find out the way and ability to provide information to parents during an examination procedure and subsequent care for children with hearing loss. About the possibilities and the importance of multidisciplinary care for children with hearing loss, which was established on the basis of screening newborns in the hospital. To collect data and information I used semi-structured interview. It was the technique terrain data collection, through which I put deliberately targeted questions to the respondents face to face / face to face /. Everything went after previous arrangement by telephone with each respondent. With the respondent, I made the interview in their chosen environment. Environment that suggested themselves and in which they felt naturally. To select respondents I have chosen a combination of two techniques and that "purpose" / Caravan test / and "snowball" / snowball sampling /. I did data analysis by evaluating of individual interviews with respondent. I compared the processes of individual mothers. I have dealt with the support of mothers in various stages of the process, awareness and relevance of the information for individual mothers. Answers to questions from individual interviews I've been using categorical system and systematic classification categorized into individual charts. Finally, after the analysis of interviews with each respondent, I have come to propose some solutions that could be used in practice.
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Molecular genetic and clinical neurological exmaination in autosomal recessive forms of hereditary neuropathies Charcot-Marie-Tooth
Baránková, Lucia ; Bojar, Martin (advisor) ; Martásek, Pavel (referee) ; Voháňka, Stanislav (referee)
The Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) diseases are the most common inherited neuropathies. CMT is characterized clinically by distal muscle wasting and weakness, reduced reflexes and impaired distal sensation and by a sensory motor neuropathy neurophysiologically. The severity of the disease varies enormously depending to a large extent on the underlying genetic defect. The current clinical classification of CMT is done using electrophysiological criteria into type 1 (demyelinating) and type 2 (axonal) and further sub-classification is done according to inheritance pattern. A solely genetic classsification is not possible at present as all the causative genes for CMT are not known. Autosomal recessive CMT (AR CMT) forms are rare in European populations. The responsible genes have been discovered just in recent years. The disease has usually early onset and fast progressing and severe course. Mutations in GDAP1 gene (ganglioside- induced differentation associated proteine-1) soon showed to be the most common cause of CMT in families with AR pedigrees. They were found in patients with demyelinating (CMT4A) as well as axonal (CMT4C4) CMT. Common GDAP1 mutations are consquence of founder effect. Mutations in PRX (periaxin) gene are responsible for demyelinating CMT type (CMT4F). Approximately in a half of the CMT...
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On the design and technology of a test bench for hydraulic engine
Duret, Mikhaël ; Sliwková, Petra (referee) ; Píška, Miroslav (advisor)
Every building needs to be built on solid foundations. Hydromills are machines used to make it possible in excavating very hard ground. This project is about the creation of a test bench for hydraulic motors called here hydromill motors. Excavating is really soliciting for the equipment and leads to many breakages that is why the company asked for the creation of a test bench to measure the lifespan and the reaction of their motors to the forces acting during the cutting. It is complicated to copy the forces and shocks happening in reality because they are very high with quick variations, also depending on the ground. This test bench will have to create high variable loads acting on several directions, a high counter-rotation torque corresponding with the resistance of the ground to the cutting, as well as angular and longitudinal shocks to simulate the hits on the rocks by the teeth.Furthermore the measuring of the internal pressure and hydraulic flow plus the deformations of the main parts of the motors has to be enable by the test bench. The main part of this internship was devoted to the choice of the technical solutions to realize the functions of the test bench as well as the research of companies able to create the test bench elements. Many of them are not conventional due to the high requirements and have to be manufactured individually. In the end an evaluation of the costs and production will give all the information to the company to decide to manufacture it.
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On the increase of cutting performance of thread cutting taps with PVD coatings
Grygárek, David ; Fiala, Zdeněk (referee) ; Píška, Miroslav (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with HSS cutting taps performance in combination with very hard and tribological PVD coating application and their contribution to increasing of cutting properties. Then is described the mechanisms and forms of cutting tool wear. The goal of the experimental part of the thesis was determine, compare and subsequently evaluate cutting properties of threading tools using taps with different types of PVD coatings. During realization of the experiment, constant cutting conditions have been ensured and the only variable were the different types of coating layers. The result of the experiment was measurement of cutting torques depending on time and rate of wear of cutting tools. Measured value are statistically processed and drawn conclusion.
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Electrospinning of Modified Biopolymers for Medical Applications
Pavliňáková, Veronika ; Martinová,, Lenka (referee) ; Zajíčková, Lenka (referee) ; Vojtová, Lucy (advisor)
Předkládaná disertační práce se zabývá přípravou a charakterizací nových biokompatibilních nanovláken s potenciální aplikací v medicíně. V této práci byl výběr jednotlivých složek pro přípravu nanovlákenného materiálu zvolen tak, aby vyhovoval nárokům tkáňového inženýrství. Literární rešerše shrnuje poznatky o elektrostatickém zvlákňování a o jeho parametrech. Dále se věnuje možnostem elektrostatického zvlákňování proteinů kolagenu a želatiny a jejich směsmi se syntetickými polymery a biopolymery a anorganickými plnivy. Teoretická část řeší také různé postupy síťování nanovláken vedoucí ke zlepšení jejich hydrolytické stability a mechanických vlastností. Poslední část je zaměřena na anorganické nanotrubky halloysitu (HNT), které získaly svou pozornost díky svým vynikajícím fyzikálním a biologickým vlastnostem. V experimentální části byly zpracovány dvě případové studie, z nichž každá se zabývá přípravou nanovlákenných biomateriálů s potenciální aplikací v medicíně. První studie je zaměřena na přípravu a charakterizaci nových hydrolyticky stabilních antibakteriálních želatinových nanovláken modifikovaných pomocí oxidované celulózy. Unikátní inhibiční účinky nanovláken byly testovány na kmenu bakterie Escherichia coli pomocí metody chemické bioluminiscence. Kultivované buňky lidského papilárního adenokacinomu plic prokázaly dobrou adhezi a proliferaci k povrchu nanovláken. Druhá část popisuje vliv zdroje a množství anorganických halloysitových nanotrubek na strukturu a vlastnosti amfifilních nanovláken ze směsi želatiny a syntetického polykaprolaktonu. Přídavek HNT zlepšil tepelnou stabilitu, mechanické vlastnosti (jak tuhost, tak prodloužení) a snížil krystalinitu nanovláken. HNT z různých zdrojů neměl vliv na chování buněk, ale mírně ovlivnil proliferaci a životaschopnost buněk na povrchu nanovláken.
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Construction damages in the undermined Kladno-Švermov district
Trčková, Barbora ; Král, Jan (advisor) ; Hofmann, Zdeněk (referee)
The thesis is dealing with construction damages in the undermined Kladno-Švermov district. This area is situated in the Kladno Coal district, which is a part of the Kladno- Rakovník Basin. Kladno-Švermov is one of the places which have been affected by mining activity for more than last 150 years. Firstly the historical documentation, structure development and engineering geology investigations were reviewed. Secondly the area was investigated and the catalogue of 39 documentation points was made. The aim was to register visible construction damages on buildings, roads, or bricked fences, which could be caused by effects of undermining. The consequences of undermining in the Kladno-Švermov district are still apparent and the impacts of the hard coal mining are not finished. The main impact in the area is represented by subsidence basin. It has affected all the area and the damages are mainly caused by unequal descent. They are visible on some buildings, roads, or fences. Attachment number 3 is represented by commented catalogue of the main damages in the area and map of the undermined district with documentation points is enclosed as an attachment number 4.
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Growth and differentiation of human osteoblast-like cells on TI-6AL-4V alloy modified with anodization
Doubková, Martina ; Bačáková, Lucie ; Pařízek, Martin ; Vandrovcová, Marta ; Musílková, Jana ; Lisá, Věra ; Gabor, R. ; Marvan, J.
Titanium and its alloys are widely used as hard tissue implants for their high biocompatibility and suitable physical properties. Along with other surface treatment methods, anodization technique is known to enhance osseointegration. The aim of this study is to evaluate the adhesion, growth and osteogenic differentiation of human osteoblast-like SAOS-2 cells on Ti-6Al-4V samples anodized in electrolytes composed of a stable volume of KOH (336.48 g/l) and variable volumes of liquid glass (124.47 g/l, 84,12 g/l and 37.38 g/l; samples s5, s6 and s7, respectively). Non-anodized Ti-6Al-4V samples, cell culture polystyrene (PS) and microscopic glass coverslips served as control materials. On days 2 and 4 after seeding, the cell number did not differ significantly among the tested samples. However, on day 7, the cell number on s6 samples reached the lowest values, which could be attributed to a non-homogeneous TiO2 film on s6 samples formed during anodization. Nevertheless, the osteogenic differentiation, estimated by the intensity of fluorescence of collagen I in cells grown in a differentiation medium, was the highest on s6 samples. On s5 samples, coated with homogeneous TiO2 films, both cell numbers and intensity of fluorescence of collagen I was relatively high. The bone matrix mineralization, evaluated by Alizarin Red staining, was the highest on s5 samples in standard culture medium, and similar on all tested samples in differentiation medium. Thus, the surface modification of s5 samples could be considered the most suitable for application in bone implants.
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Weldig of the different type of steel by the Yb-YAG laser.
Kopecký, Lukáš ; Kubíček, Jaroslav (referee) ; Mrňa, Libor (advisor)
Diploma theses is focused on welding experiment of maraging steel by use Yb-YAG laser. Experimet is based on testing of combination steel 11321 and maraging steel. Domex420MC, Domex720MC a QSE380. In theoretical part there are described laser technology of welding, weld defect, maraging steel and inspection of welded joints. In experimental part there are porposed test and made mechanical test of weld as transverse tensile test, bend tests, Erichsen cupping test, Vickers hardness test and makroscopic and microscopic examination of welds. In conclusion there are analysis of the experiment results.
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Implementation of laser technology
Urban, Jan ; Mouralová, Kateřina (referee) ; Osička, Karel (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is to describe the replacement of wire cutting laser cutting for cutting inserts made of hard material. Description of current situation in the company Vydona, tender and choice of laser and the need for post-laser workshop. The next section deals with the cutting of a particular sample. The last part of the technical economic assessment are calculated hourly rates of machines and the time and cost loads of different cutting inserts.
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