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REFORM OF THE TAX AND SOCIAL SYSTEM IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC IN 2007 AND ITS IMPACTS
Chmelová, Pavla ; Zeman, Karel (advisor) ; Vebrová, Ludmila (referee)
The bachelor thesis will deal with the partial reforms of public finance in the Czech republic pursued in 2007. I chose this topic because of its currentness and because during the economic crisis reforms are more important. Theoretical part will generally describe the public finance issue, its revenues and expenditures and the budget deficit emerging as a result of their divergence. There will be stated the different views of the economic theories on the budget deficit as well. The next part will deal with the tax theories. The last theoretical base will be the public choice theory, which explains the behaviour of the politicans and the voters. The analytical part will be brought up with the state of the public finance in the Czech republic before the implementation of the reforms, there will be analyzed revenues and expenditures of the public budget and the dimension of its deficit. Then there will be examined constituent partial reforms in the tax and social realm and the state of the public finance after the reform. The aim of the thesis is the analysis of the reasons that called for the reform of the public finance in the Czech republic working on the analysis of the state of the public finance before the reforms and sum up whether the expected outcome was accomplished. There will be analyzed the impacts on the taxpayers, the simplification of the tax system and the employment.
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Srovnání daňové soustavy Česka a Slovenska
Kupková, Barbora ; Filipová, Vladimíra (advisor) ; Drozen, František (referee)
Práce se zabývá srovnáním daňové soustavy České republiky a Slovenska s hlavním důrazem na vliv daní na daňové poplatníky. Jedná se o porovnávání nejen stavu, ale i vývoje, protože reformy proběhly v nedávné době a některé ještě nejsou dokončeny. Na Slovensku byla v letech 2003/2004 provedena rozsáhlá reforma veřejných rozpočtů, jejíž součástí byly velké změny daňového systému, které byly přijaty s velkým ohlasem i v České republice a byly inspirací pro reformu veřejných rozpočtů započatou v roce 2007. Jako východisko reforem byla použita koncepce rovné daně, která se zdá být správným řešením v případě obou zemí. V práci se rovněž snažím nalézt hlavní změny v daňové soustavě a její struktuře od roku 1993, kdy došlo k rozpadu společného státu. Zabývám se i srovnáváním výše zákonných sazeb nejdůležitějších daní. Protože ke srovnání daňového zatížení nejsou tak důležité sazby zákonné, ale sazby efektivní, použiji k jejich zjištění zprávy mezinárodních organizací. Kromě sazeb se práce týká také řadou dalších aspektů, jako je složitost daňových zákonů, jejich transparentnost a spravedlnost.
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Analysis of the Czech tax system
Pavlíček, Martin ; Ježek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Antoš, Ondřej (referee)
The aim of the thesis is a comprehensive analysis of the Czech tax system. In the Czech Republic existed by the end of 2007 system based on progressive taxation. The system of progressive rates, was and is a subject to criticism not only in the Czech Republic. As an alternative, which allows to delete the seamy side of the system, appears the method of taxation based on the concept of flat tax, whose ideas includes the czech reform. The situation before and after the reform in early 2008 is in detail characterized in the practical part thesis. The theoretical part describe requirements of a good tax system and the concept of flat tax. The part of thesis is also a view of the Slovak tax system. Czech Republic and Slovak Republic are very similar countries and the development of their tax systems show a great similarity. Slovak Republic realized the tax reform four years earlier than the Czech Republic, its appearance and positive impacts on national economy could be model for the Czech Republic.
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Dopady změn daně z příjmů fyzických osob v roce 2008 na příjem domácností
Moulíková, Lucie ; Weberová, Jana (advisor) ; Weberová, Jana (referee)
Práce se v první části zaměřuje na hlavní změny v dani z příjmů fyzických osob, na změnu ve výpočtu čistého příjmu poplatníka, na části zákona, které jsou díky změnám nadbytečná. Některé změny jsou pouze technického charakeru, vypouští se nadbytečné ustanovení, jiné se ruší úplně, u dalších se mění pouze hodnoty. Druhá část se zabývá výpočtem čistých příjmů u zaměstnanců a osob samostatně výdělečně činných. Třetí část srovnává změny v dani u zaměstnanců a u osob samostatně výdělečně činných, jak si která skupina polepšila a o kolik. Cílem mé práce je poskytnout ilustrativní srovnání dopadů změn v dani z příjmů na čisté příjmy jednotlivých poplatníků.
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Sustainability of public finance and results of reforms in Finland
Váchová, Petra ; Kubátová, Květa (advisor) ; Láchová, Lenka (referee)
The graduation theses "Sustainability of public finance and results of reforms in Finland" is dealing with devolopment of finnish reforms of public finance since 1990 until now.The first part describes the tax system of Finland and the main part of thesis analyzes the reforms of public finance and tax reform. The aim of this dissertation is strike a balance of sustainability of public finance and to find perspectives and recommendation for Czech republic.
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Tax reform in the Czech Republic and Slovakia
Sabaková, Jana ; Kapinusová, Jana (advisor) ; Vebrová, Ludmila (referee)
I wrote this thesis about the tax reform in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The simultaneous tax reform in Czech Republic valid from 1st January 2008 is very fresh and greatly discussed theme. Slovak reform proceeded in years 2004-2007. In the theoretical and practical part I mainly deal with the flat tax, the key-stone of the tax reform in both countries. The theory of the flat tax comes out from the principles of the effective taxation from Adam Smith. The reform based on the flat tax has been created by American economists Alvin Rabushka and Robert Hall in the 1980's. Slovakia based the reform on this concept and won recognition for its implementation. The Czech Republic tried to follow Slovakia but finally started out with corrections and simplification of the existing tax system. Besides comparison of the concepts with Rabushka's and Hall's parameters, I also examine the influence of the tax reform on the net revenues of individuals and families. In the Czech Republic I examine net revenues for 2007 and 2008 (the year before the tax reform and the first year of the reform). To be able to compare both countries I use years 2003 and 2004 for Slovakia (the year before tax reform and the first year of the reform).
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The tax reform in Slovakia
Kopáčková, Marina ; Dvořák, Pavel (advisor)
The main goals of this paper is to describe and analyse the Slovak tax reform adopted in 2004, according to principles of optimal taxation. The optimal tax system includes the principles of efficiency, administrative simplicity, elasticity, equity and revenue tax. The goal of the Slovak tax reform was to change the tax legislation, to eliminate all exceptions and special regimes, to shift the tax burden from direct to indirect taxes, to eliminate the double taxation of income, to introduce the flat tax rate. In the end some recommendations for Czech Republic has been made.
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Individual Income Tax reforms in EU
Sochová, Jana ; Vančurová, Alena (advisor) ; Eisenwort, Lukáš (referee)
The study is concerned with reforms of tax systems in the european countries and possibilities of tax system optimalization. The research by the help of comparing analysis is applied to selected EU countries where in tax systems has been obtained integration and convergency trend in last decades. This has been one of the reasons for choosing this region. The selected countries have been chosen because they represent the greatest european countries and the most remarkable economics and/or experienced more significant tax reform. The object of study is to classify the reforms in individual countries according to the diversity of historical, economical and institutional progress and enquire their course and influence on the tax system structure. The analysis affords comparative and economically oriented view of tax systems in selected european countries and on the basis of specific criteria leads into the similar and dissimilar tax reform trends formulation .
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Tax reform in the Czech Republic and Slovakia in view of flat tax
Formánek, Jan ; Zeman, Karel (advisor) ; Krebs, Vojtěch (referee)
The bachelor thesis will be aimed to analyze the tax systems in the Czech Republic and Slovakia before tax reforms as well as after them. I chose this topic because of its recency and personal interest. First, theoretical part of the thesis will be a general outline of tax problems, will define taxes in historical and contemporary view and also overview of legislative background of tax systems. After that I'm going to focus on tax systems which were functional in both countries mentioned above including their mutual comparison. In the analytical part I will focus on reforms themselves, their results in legislative plane. That will be followed by numeric comparison aimed on revenues and expenditures of the state and impacts against tax-payers -- individuals. Not only financial but review non-financial impacts like simplification of the system. In the last part I'm going to figure out hypotetical analysis of impacts of the "Modrá šance", if it was accepted in original proposal. The objective of the thesis is to impartially compare positive and negative effects of tax reforms, which were realized in countries stated above.
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