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Identification of changes in mechanical characteristics of human axial system as a result of loading and relaxation regime
Van der Kamp Kloučková, Kateřina ; Jelen, Karel (advisor) ; Maršík, František (referee) ; Rosina, Jozef (referee)
Problem: A lot of attention is given to the safety of the driving and the possibility to register fatigue of the drivers. Driving cars is monotony and static. Vibration loading, which causes changes in the axial system. This causes discomfort and fatigue to drivers after some time of exposure to the loading. Hypothesis: It is possible to prove the changes of mechanical characteristics (indicators) of the axial system using the TVS (transfer vibration through spine) method. By using TVS method before and after different types of loading or before and after relaxation it is possible to detect changes of the viscoelastic properties. This can be done by checking changes in the way of waves transfer through the axial system of the observed participants. Objective: Verify the possibility of use of TVS method to register changes of the viscoelastic characteristics of the axial system. Method: The TVS was chosen as a detection method. The method is based on the use of five-msec semi-bandwidth γ pulse stimuli and consequent application of continuously changing harmonic stimuli which periodically differ between 5Hz and 160Hz to the vertebrae C7 and L5. This wave is carried through the axial system and its acceleration on the spinous processes between C7 and S1 is scanned with the help of accelerometric...
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Physiotherapy of vertebrogenic algic lumbosacral syndrome
Břečková, Lucie ; Horká, Bohumila (advisor) ; Rybářová, Jana (referee)
Author: Lucie Břečková Institution: Department of Rahabilitation Medicine The Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové Title: Physiotherapy of vertebrogenic algic lumbosacral syndrome Consultant: Mgr. Bohumila Horká Number of pages: 132 Number of attachments: 12 Year of thesis defense: 2013 Key words: vertebrogenic, spine, pain, medical physical training This bachelor work deals with lumbar vertebrogenic algic syndrome from the physiotherapist point of view. The theoretical part of work is focused on anatomy and functional anatomy in lumbar area, etiopathogenesis and differential diagnostics, clinical symptoms, diagnostics and conservative and chirurgic treatment. Into physiotherapist approaches belong following techniques: physical therapy, mobilization techniques, soft tissue and post isometric release, reflex therapy, medical physical treatment and application of physiotherapy concepts and methods. Important part of physiotherapy of lumbar vertebrogenic algic syndrome is deeply stabilized spine system and its insuficiention and therapy diagnostics. In practical part of work the casuistry of two patients with degenerative changes of lumbar spine is elaborated. Differences between those two patients are in their regime of life and in their attitude towards vertebrogenic disease, which is related to...
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Human axial system: identification of connective tissues changes
Sacherová, Jana ; Panská, Šárka (advisor) ; Lopot, František (referee)
Title: Human axial system: identification of connective tissues changes Objectives: The main objective of this thesis was to compile a review of techniques and methods currently used in identification of connective tissues changes. Methods: The method used in this thesis is a critical literature review - a study of research papers from available information sources accompanied by author's comments. Foreign sources are represented mostly by research papers accessible via electronic archives such as ScienceDirect, Pubmed, Springer, Wiley. Also other foreign publications were used. The theoretical part is focused on basic anatomy and physiology of the spine and states main methods of identification of connective tissues changes involved in this area. The main part describes particulars of researches dedicated to identification of functional and morphological characteristics of different spinal components. Results: In addition to classic methods of spinal research, the thesis introduces also new developing techniques and methods. Procedures used in current research are described; their advantages and limits are explained. Key words: spine, biomechanics, loading, intervertebral disc, method
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Orthotic equipment of idiopathic scoliosis
Ivánková, Zuzana ; Černý, Pavel (advisor) ; Mikšíčková, Petra (referee)
Title: Orthotic equipment of idiopathic scoliosis Objectives: The aim of my work is a summary of information dealing with scoliosis of the spine. In the beginning of the theoretical part I will briefly explain the anatomy and biomechanics of the spine, which are necessary for understanding. In the chapter on scoliosis I will focus on treatment, both operational and fuselage orthoses , which I will detaily describe in the next section. I will bring all types ortheses for the treatment of scoliosis and I will focus primarily on the production process , application, negative and positive effects of conservative treatment. The practical part of the drafting case reports about patients affected by idiopathic scoliosis and to points out their orthotic equipment. In conclusion, I evaluate scoliosis treatment method using ortheses. Methods: To solve this problem I will apply the method of collecting data from the literature , magazines and publications related mainly to general issues of scoliosis. In chapters about the types of ortheses and it's manufacturin I use mainly my experience in practice. Results: Conservative treatment of idiopathic scoliosis depends not only on body brace and its proper construction , but also on patient's approach to the treatment, the relationship between patient and...
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Case report of physiotherapeutic care about patient with diagnosis of radicular syndrome with left L5 irritation
Ambrož, Ondřej ; Vrbová, Martina (advisor) ; Vančurová, Markéta (referee)
Title of bachelors thesis: Case report of physiotherapeutic care about patient with diagnosis of radicular syndrome with left L5 irritation. Objective: Acquisition of theoretical and practical introduction to the herniated lumbar intervertebral disc and possible physiotherapy approaches used in this problem. Special part includes detailed case study of patient with the diagnosis of radicular syndrome with left L5 irritation. Summary: The general part focuses on theoretical knowledge of anatomy, kinesiology and biomechanics of the lumbar spine. Also the degenerative changes of the spine and the possibilities of diagnostic and therapeutic methods. The practical presents case study of patient with a diagnosis of root irritation syndrome L5 left. Keywords: Radicular syndrome, irritable syndrome, intervertebral disc, spine, physiotherapy
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Physiotherapy options for patients with dg. Morbus Bechtěrev
TRLIDOVÁ, Eva
This bachelor's thesis deals with Morbus Bechterew's disease, which is also known as ankylosing spondylitis, and how to use specific physiotherapeutic procedures. The thesis consists of a theoretic and practical part. The theoretical part describes anatomic structures and kinesiology of an axial system. Furthermore, it is devoted to characteristics of Bechterew's disease, its classification, occurrence, diagnostics, clinical picture, treatment and how to utilize physiotherapy. The practical part contains a case report of the particular patients with Morbus Bechterew's diagnosis and also a process of physiotherapy. The aim of this thesis was to chart the possibilities how to utilize physiotherapy of patients with Morbus Bechterew's diagnosis and to compile specific physiotherapeutic plans leading to a decreased progress of this disease. The above-mentioned aims were accomplished by a quality research that was attended by three participants. The data collection was primarily achieved by a kinesiological analysis and interviews with patients and secondarily by an analysis of extracted data. This bachelor's thesis can be used as a study material for students, medics or public in order to improve the knowledge of an impact of use of physiotherapy of patients with Morbus Bechterew's diagnosis and also to improve an awareness about education of the patients about the possibilities of their treatment.
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Design of a Crash-Test Dummy
Sedláčková, Martina ; Coufal, Tomáš (referee) ; Bilík, Martin (advisor)
The main objective of this thesis is construction of crash test dummy for vehicle-pedestrian crash tests. There is review of nowadays used crash test dummies types in the introduction of this thesis. This is followed by part describing construction itself. Chapter about construction begins by characterizing of used materials features in relation with real human body physiology. Main part of chapter is describing construction of crash test dummy’s skeleton and its individual components including 3D modelling and strength analysis. Thesis is finished by cost assessment.
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Vertebra detection and identification in CT oncological data
Věžníková, Romana ; Harabiš, Vratislav (referee) ; Jakubíček, Roman (advisor)
Automated spine or vertebra detection and segmentation from CT images is a difficult task for several reasons. One of the reasons is unclear vertebra boundaries and indistinct boundaries between vertebra. Next reason is artifacts in images and high degree of anatomical complexity. This paper describes the design and implementation of vertebra detection and classification in CT images of cancer patients, which adds to the complexity because some of vertebrae are deformed. For the vertebra segmentation, the Otsu’s method is used. Vertebra detection is based on search of borders between individual vertebra in sagittal planes. Decision trees or the generalized Hough transform is applied for the identification whereas the vertebra searching is based on similarity between each vertebra model shape and planes of CT scans.
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Aspects of the tretment of idiopathic scoliosis
Mundilová, Věra ; Černý, Pavel (advisor) ; Půlpán, Rudolf (referee)
Title: Aspects of the tretment of idiopathic scoliosis. Objectives: The aim of this bachelor thesis is complete the form to submit basic information about the ways and possibilities of treatment of idiopathic scoliosis with a focus on conservative treatment with orthoses fuselage. To capture the issue of disease, not only in terms of diagnosis, but also bring aspects of adoption and then handicap orthotic aids patient. Methods: For creation of thesis was used qualitative research method of data collection and analysis of secondary data from scientific articles, magazines and publications. This information was subsequently reviewed and consulted with an expert in the field of orthotics. Results: Indications night hypercorection orthoses for patients in many ways more acceptable and complies with the prescribed mode applications than the 23-hours braces. Keywords: scoliosis, idiopathic, orthotics, body brace, corset, conservative therapy, surgery, spine, vertebrae
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Effect of deep stabilization system on the musculoskeletal system
Burianová, Zuzana ; Hošková, Blanka (advisor) ; Strnad, Pavel (referee)
6 Abstract Title: Effect of deep stabilization system on the musculoskeletal system Objectives: The aim of the study is to demonstrate the influence of therapeutic interventions on the deep stabilization system using investigative techniques and principles used used in practice in physiotherapy. Methods: This thesis has been characterized as a case study. It is based on an experimental basis in the form of qualitative research. For the research five clients were chosen with problems in the cervical, thoracic and lumbar spine. Applying exercise procedures was to show a positive effect on the deep stabilizing system. Following investigative methods were used: anamnesis, examination of static orientation, trigonometric spine examination, assessment of posture, postural stability testing, palpation, flexion of the neck stereotype by Lewit and "S" reflex. Testing was performed twice, at intervals of 3-4 months. Results: The results showed significant improvement in four out of five clients. Pain, stiffness or paraesthesia cervical, thoracic or lumbar spine alleviated or even disappeared. Postural muscle activation possession and corset improved. Exercises also positively influenced the stereotype of breathing and it was confirmed that an active cooperation of clients is necessary for the most efficient effect of...
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