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Atomic swap: a risk for AML regulation?
Dolanský, Michal ; Sejkora, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kohajda, Michael (referee)
1 Atomic swap: a risk for AML regulation? Abstract This thesis deals with atomic swaps. Particularly it deals with their characteristics and relation to AML regulation. The aim of this thesis is to assess the risks that atomic swaps pose to AML regulation and the ways in which these risks can be addressed. The first part of this thesis briefly describes the concepts and technologies needed to understand atomic swaps. Among other things this part describes distributed databases, cryptographic keys, wallets, and virtual currency exchanges. This is followed by a description of the evolution of atomic swaps, how atomic swaps work and what are their advantages and disadvantages. The second part analyses the current regulation against money laundering and terrorist financing from the perspective of FATF, the European Union and the Czech Republic in relation to virtual currencies and atomic swaps. Particularly it focuses on the definition of virtual currencies and obliged entities. After the explanation how atomic swaps work and the analysis of AML regulation in relation to atomic swaps, it is possible to assess whether atomic swaps pose a risk to AML regulation. This is the focus of the third part of this thesis. It first introduces the issue of money laundering and the use of virtual currencies for illicit...
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What are substitutes for domestic money and what is their legal regime
Karpják, Jiří ; Kotáb, Petr (advisor) ; Vybíral, Roman (referee)
What are substitutes for domestic money and what is their legal regime? Abstract The thesis deals with the position of substitutes for domestic money in the Czech legal system and the phenomenon of substitutes for state money in general. The work is divided into three parts, in the first the author analyzes the current legal regulation of domestic money substitutes in the Czech legal system, concluding that the current regulation is clearly obsolete, while its interpretation by modern legal science is considered not only restrictive but also very formalistic, and thus not completely fulfilling the role set desired by original legislator. At the end of the first part, the author concludes that some selected forms of non-state money (especially corporate money and LETS systems) correspond to the current concept of substitutes for domestic money, but they can not be considered part of modern economic reality. In the second part, the author analyzes modern forms of non-state money with a focus on cryptocurrencies, as the most relevant form of non-state money. The author describes the gradual development and acceptance of virtual currencies both from the perspective of European regulators and from the perspective of their real economic use. The author concludes that a significant part of virtual currencies falls...
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Arbitrage on the Cryptocurrency Markets: An Analysis of Potential Opportunities
Suchánek, Vojtěch ; Fanta, Nicolas (advisor) ; Čech, František (referee)
1 Abstract Cryptocurrency markets have currently a lot of attention both from the public and researchers. This thesis connects the well-documented field of arbitrage with the relatively new bitcoin phenomenon. Thanks to the efforts of cryptocurrencies for decentralization and non-regulation, they are an ideal asset for arbitrage trading. This study tries to answer whether price differences between cryptocurrency exchanges existed during the second and third quartal of 2021 and if it was possible to perform an arbitrage trading with positive profit. It analyzes several trading strategies and ways how to execute these trades. An important part of the study is the involvement of trading fees, which play a crucial role in total profitability but are often omitted in similar research. The findings confirm that price differences existed during the analyzed period, and their values allow for profitable arbitrage trading. The best performing strategy uses stable-coin USDT as a mean of transport money between exchanges, which lowers the time of one trade and allows multiple trades during one price difference spike. This strategy was able to gain 362.60% profit over the analyzed period. On the other hand, the distribution of trades over the analyzed period shows some irregularities, which might have a negative impact...
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Predictive Power of Machine Learning in Cryptoassets
Duda, Miroslav ; Krištoufek, Ladislav (advisor) ; Baruník, Jozef (referee)
The work attempts to forecast the sign of the price change for cryptoasset time series through classification. The main purpose is to find evidence concerning market efficiency of the cryptoasset markets, potential trading strategies, and differences between the modelled assets. Supporting vector machines, random forests, and multilayer perceptron models are used. An additional model aggre- gates the results of the previous three. Bitcoin, Ether, XRP, and Binance Coin are the modelled cryptoassets. The input variables include transformed daily closing prices up to five lags, trading volumes, volatility, and moving averages. Random forest models perform the best, followed by supporting vector ma- chines, and multilayer perceptrons. Aggregation does not produce improved forecasting performance. The two older assets, Bitcoin and Ethereum, are found to be less forecastable than the newer, Binance Coin and XRP. Dif- ferences between the assets exist as exhibited through forecastability. Higher classification accuracies are not found to imply better trading performance. JEL Classification C15, C69, G13, G14, G17 Keywords cryptoassets, machine learning, forecasting, cryptocurrencies Title Predictive Power of Machine Learning in Cryp- toassets
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Cryptocurrencies and financial secrecy
Poizlová, Stanislava ; Palanský, Miroslav (advisor) ; Kuc, Matěj (referee)
We study the short-term effect of the first global multilateral standard for automatic exchange of information (AEIO), the so-called Common Reporting Standard (CRS), on the volume of exchanges of money to cryptocurrencies. We hypothesize that following the introduction of information exchange between source countries and tax havens, the amount of money in the tax havens' cur- rencies exchanged to cryptocurrencies increases. Our results complement prior findings of the literature that deposits in tax havens decrease following AEIO. Through our model, we find that CRS induced a 40% increase, on average, in the volume exchanged to/from Bitcoin. Around the time of the introduction of CRS, volume exchanged to/from Bitcoin increased the most for currencies GBP, CHF, and USD. Keywords common reporting standard, cryptocurrencies, cross-border deposits, automatic exchange of in- formation Title Cryptocurrencies and Financial Secrecy Author's e-mail 48669601@fsv.cuni.cz Supervisor's e-mail miroslav.palansky@fsv.cuni.cz
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The Principle and Economic Analysis of Bitcoin
Jiang, Jinggang ; Holub, Tomáš (advisor) ; Čech, František (referee)
The development of Internet technology has promoted the progress of all aspects of society. Under the background of Internet finance, the traditional financial model is changing, such as currency payment. With the deepening of Internet technology, the virtualization of money is deepening, and the market entry, trading and payment methods are also subverting the tradition. Bitcoin as a new means of payment began to appear in the public eye. It is a challenge to the traditional way of trading supported by Internet technology. Despite the constant controversy since its inception, Bitcoin still occupies a place with its unique advantages - Asymmetric encryption, decentralization,transparency of transaction records and so on. In the eyes of opponents, Bitcoin is more of a highly speculative asset, and as it becomes progressively more difficult to mine, the cost of mining is increasing. However, in the eyes of supporters, it is a reliable means of payment, not subject to government supervision, nor will it produce a virtual transaction record. From the regulator's point of view, it is more like a shelter for unscrupulous people to evade regulation and commit money laundering and crime. It is undeniable that in just a few years, Bitcoin has developed to a certain scale,has a certain industrial chain...
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Mathematical Methods in Economics
Hrkeĺ, Jan ; Šustrová, Tereza (referee) ; Novotná, Veronika (advisor)
In my bachelor thesis, I deal with the topic of mathematical methods in economics. I focus on investing the company's free capital in cryptocurrencies, which is illustrated with the help of selected strategies. In the first part of the work, I explain the technical and fundamental requirements of cryptocurrencies, its most important representatives and technical analysis based on mathematical and statistical methods. In the practical part, I analyze four selected cryptocurrencies on two different investment strategies, which are then evaluated.
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Analysis of Investment in Cryptocurrencies
Sýkorová, Lucie ; Budík, Jan (referee) ; Luhan, Jan (advisor)
In my bachelor thesis I analyse the investment potential of cryptocurrencies. In addition to a general introduction to cryptocurrencies, I will mainly focus on Bitcoin, which is currently their most important representative. Based on the outputs from the theoretical and practical part of the bachelor´s thesis, I will compare investments in Bitcoin against the most popular investment commodity, which is gold. Furthermore, I will present my own assumption of the future development of Bitcoin. In the end I will describe my own proposal of a strategy for investing in cryptocurrencies.
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Business Directive for Cryptocurrency Operations
Kyncl, Kryštof ; Ptáček, Roman (referee) ; Pěta, Jan (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with accounting and tax issues of cryptocurrency operations. It further explains and clarifies the operation and properties of cryptocurrencies. The work focuses on the analysis of the problems of the current situation, valuation and registration of cryptocurrencies in accounting, but also the payment of value added tax or income tax and more. This work then tries to demonstrate the findings on model examples of cryptocurrency operations, including recommendations in the areas of accounting and taxation.
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Virtual Currencies
Mlýnková, Veronika ; Sikora, Marek (referee) ; Zeman, Václav (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the topic of virtual currencies based on the blockchain technology. The foundations of the cryptocurrency workings are explained on cryptocurrency Bitcoin, which is later described in a greater detail from technological point of view. In addition to the general workings of a bitcoin network, this thesis describes creation of bitcoin addresses, the composition of transactions and the way they are sign and verified. A broader view of cryptocurrencies is offered within the fourth chapter, with the classification into generations and explanation of terms coin, token and stable coin. Chapter Ethereum explains the meaning of smart contracts and decentralized applications. Within the thesis a laboratory task was performed, which describes the procedure for programming a simplified version of blockchain in Python. To summarize the discussed topic, an educational web application was created.
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