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Incidence and prevalence of a disease in a district hospital over 3 years.
Matoušů, Barbora ; Střítecký, Rudolf (advisor) ; Lešetický, Ondřej (referee)
Branches of science such as epidemiology, clinical epidemiology, statistics and various statistical methods are by ground for activity of epidemiological-manager indicators. Incidence and prevalence are numbered among epidemiological-manager indicators. In condition of hospital Pelhřimov are these indicators written, analyzed and predicated for department of hospitalized in years 2005 -- 2007. At the same time is appraised use of capacities department of hospitalized, is made analyse and estimation of most often treated diagnosis and is watched progress their average time of treatment. The watching indicators are by one of series others records for manager decision-making by control of hospital.
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název v anglickém jazyce není uveden
Kališová, Lucie ; Paclt, Ivo (advisor) ; Höschl, Cyril (referee) ; Schreiber, Vratislav (referee)
At present, depressive disorders affect a considerable proportion of population, their incidence showing an increasing tendency in the developed world. Depression mostly afflicts people in the age of 25-35. It occurs in females twice as often as in males. Depression involves an intense subjective suffering accompanied with a disruption of normal everyday functioning. Moreover, when compared with the healthy population, there exists a thirty times higher danger of suicide in the people affected with depression. The illness unfortunately tends to become chronic, the probability of recurrence of an episode being 50%. Furthermore, some patients suffering from the depressive disorder do not adequately respond to an antidepressant therapy; we call such patients treatment-resistant. There certainly exists a close relation between the endocrine and the central nervous system, most endocrine disorders being potentially accompanied with changes of psyche and vice versa. With affective disorders the most frequently reported disruption involves an interference with the function of the hypothalamicpituitary- adrenocortical (HPA) axis, though various studies repeatedly acknowledged also deviations of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis. The most frequent findings comprise an altered serum thyrotropin response...
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název v anglickém jazyce není uveden
Kříž, Jan ; Saudek, František (advisor) ; Jendelová, Pavla (referee) ; Haluzík, Martin (referee)
Islet transplantation represents an alternative approach in the treatment of patients with type-1 diabetes mellitus. It makes possible to give insulin-producing tissue to patients, which could not underwent surgery operative due to ill health. The second benefit of tissue transplantation is utilization of pancreases unsuitable for organ transplantation in term of surgical criteria. The dissertation includes two studies focused on study of some problems of islet transplantation. In the first study was tested a new method for induction of microchimerism by bone marrow transplantation and its effect on islet allograft survival. We reported, that short-term tacrolimus therapy significantly prolonged insulin independence in fully allogeneic rat model even if the immunosupresants were discontinued. Conditioning of recipients with bone marrow cells transplantation had not additional effect. In the second study there is presented an approach for imaging of intrahepatally-sited islets. The technique is based on labeling of islets by non-toxic superparamagnetic agent during two day culture. After transplantation islets are imaged as hypointense spots on T2 weighing magnetic resonance sections in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. Outstanding changes in MR images were demonstrated during acute rejection of...
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Hypothermia in paramedic practice
LOUŽENSKÁ, Petra
This thesis deals with the topic of hypothermia in a rescuer's practice. Hypothermia is one of the reasons, why rescuers intervene. The problem of hypothermia is known for many years and the stress is laid on in it during the first aid. Hypothermia is a very serious condition which is needed to be solved without any suspension. Rescuers who work at Water rescue service deals with hypothermia the most. Their first task is to find a hypothermic person, move him to a safe place and give him a professional aid. Then they provide a transport to the hospital by Emergency medical services. In the theoretical part of my thesis is explained what is hypothermia, other related terms, description of manifests and a treatment of hypothermia is also mentioned. The next chapter mentions groups of people who are threatened the most. The last chapter deals with Emergency service. The research part of the thesis consists of qualitative method using questionnaires. It contains both polar and non-polar questions. At the beginning of the questionnaire there are three personal questions which are aimed at sex, education and how long do you do for Water rescue service. Other questions are aimed at rescuer's techniques and means. Rescuers working at Water rescue services were addressed. They were from South Bohemia, Central Bohemia and Vysocina Region. The purpose of this thesis was to evaluate methodical techniques, certain activities and following care provided by the rescuers at Water rescue services while they are saving a hypothermic person. The theoretical part of my thesis could be used as a study material for everyone who studies to be a rescuer. On the bases of the research part's results a description of methods for rescuers will be compiled. This will be useful for rescuers who work at Water rescue services.
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Surface treatment for resistance improve of board materials with cement matrix and an organic filler
Zrza, Ondřej ; Vacula, Miroslav (referee) ; Bydžovský, Jiří (advisor)
As all materials used for exterior construction, cement-bonded particleboards also subject to climatic effects, such as frost, chemicals (eg. sulphates) or UV rays. Degradation of theese effects is slightly increased by organic base. Increased susceptibility can be eliminated by a effective coating, which reduces direct contact with aggresive influences on the board and provides longer durability. Theoratical part of this thesis analyzes different types of negatice influences and their effect on durability. Practical part contains selection of specific types of coating and assessment of their mechanical and aesthetic properties including spectrophotometric analysis of color change for each degradation effect.
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Caring for patient with colostomy
Kováčová, Lenka ; Šmejkal, Karel (advisor) ; Jandík, Pavel (referee) ; Horáčková, Alexandra (referee)
This BA essay deals with the subject of colostomy patient treatment. Theoretical knowledge, skills, and my practical experiences concerning the care for patients with colostomy are described in two separate chapters. The first chapter describes general knowledge - for instance, the illnesses for which colostomy is determined or the assortment of stomachic aids. The second chapter is more or less concerned about practical experiences -the evaluation of the state of health of colostomy patients or a plan of further care. The empirical part is based upon an examination of skills and knowledge of nurses from Podhorska Hospital, in the area of care for patients with colostomy, using the method of non- standardized questionnaire.
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Quality of life of senior women that suffer from incontinence
Kršňáková, Veronika ; Zámečník, Libor (advisor) ; Langrová, Eva (referee) ; Václavíková, Zdena (referee)
This bachelor dissatation deals with the problem of female incontinence. Theoretic part is devoted anatomy lower urinary tract, physiology discharging and detail described individual kinds of urinary incontinence, cause, treatment and prevention. In empiric part I felt to valorize how the urinary incontinence affects quality of life. I also tried to find out how long was the time interval before the patient finds the medical hep and if there is enough awareness about the illness and its treatment. My research confirmed the fact that it is important to improve education and have enough Information available about this problem in order to identify the early symptoms and eliminate negative motions. The most important is to improve understanding of women's feelings and needs and to (decrease) eliminate the embarrasment rated to this problem.
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The role of fear in invasive treatment
Hylčerová, Iveta ; Mareš, Jiří (advisor) ; Rybářová, Marie (referee) ; Švecová, Dagmar (referee)
This bachelor's thesis is discussing the role of fear in invasive treatment. This work is intended in particular for nurses. The goal of this bachelor's thesis is to evaluate sensation of fear in patients with the diagnosis of carpal or cubital tunnel syndrome, in relation to an invasive treatment (operation). In the theoretical part were described and defined terms fear, anxiety, phobia, pain, maturity and age, resumed facts about carpal and cubital tunnel syndromes, their symptoms, diagnostics, treatment, and care of the patients after the operative treatment.
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Palliative care in hospital and hospice
RAŠKOVÁ, Eva
This master thesis covers the palliative care in a hospice and a hospital. A lot of seriously ill patients suffering from incurable diagnoses die in hospitals. Therefore the nursing staff come into a close contact with patients near the end of their life.The nurses are in a close contact with the patients. The nurses sense emotions and suffering of dying patients. They sense also feelings of patients in case when improper cure and treatment are applied. Taking care of dying patients is stressing situation. The care covers not only the patient himself but it also includes the communication with the patients´ family and later the bereaved families.The hospital environment is primarily targeted to acute care. The palliative care is at the periphery. In The Czech Republic the palliative care is emerging in hospices mainly. That is the reason why the hospices may serve as a source of inspiration for improvements of the palliative care in other medical institutions.The first part of the theory section describes the main principles of a palliative care. The next part deals with mutual relations between the dying patient, the disease, between the nurse and the family and relatives of the dying patient. The last part deals with the ethical problems in the dying patients nursing, describes the environment where the palliative care is provided and researches the palliative care standards. There are three main goals of the work. The first goal is to compare the level of palliative care standards in different types of medical institutions. The second goal is to evaluate the possibility of providing of the palliative care in the different types of the medical institutions. The third goal is to suggest possibility of the hospital palliative care improvements according to results of the surveys.In the research part an analysis of written documents was performed. The quantitaive part of the research used an anonymous survey. We created two surveys to perform the research. The first survey was targeted to the nursing management and their view of the palliative care provided in the different types of medical institutions.The survey was distributed to 238 relevant medical institutions by electronic means. It consists 6 questions. 3 of them were closed questions, remaining 3 were semiclosed. The survey was opened by 78 respondents of different institutions. 26 respondents took part and finished the survey. According to answers of 26 nursing managers 18 of them agreed to cooperate further and participate in more detailed survey targeted on the nurses who work directly with patients and provide the palliative care. The second survey consisted of 26 questions and 13 of them were closed and 13 semiclosed. The survey was finished by 150 respondents from different medical institutions: hospitals, long term care hospitals and hospices. The data of the both surveys were statistically evaluated.We established 4 hypothesis. H1: The presence of palliative standard depends on the type of medical institution. The hypothesis is valid. H2: The palliative care standards are focused mainly on the basic physical needs providing and less to the spiritual and psycho-social needs providing. The hypothesis was not sufficiently proven. H3: The possibility to provide palliative care by nursing staff depends on the type of medical institution. The hypothesis is valid. H4: From the point of view of nursing staff the palliative care providing depends on the environmental conditions. The answers of the nursing staff take us to the conclusion that the environment influences providing the palliative care. The results of the research shows, that the palliative standards in the medical institutions exist. The standards are focused mainly on providing basic physical needs. There is an evidence that the quality palliative care can be provided in case when the conditions are adequate.
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