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Recombinant vaccinia virus for cancer therapy, the analysis of biological and biochemical features.
Žůrková, Kamila ; Němečková, Šárka (advisor) ; Forstová, Jitka (referee) ; Trejbalová, Kateřina (referee)
151 8 SUMMARY Recombinant vaccinia virus has been used for elicitation of the immune response against expressed heterologous proteins which has led to protection of the host organisms against the agents producing that antigen (viruses, cancer cells). In our laboratory, we designed and evaluated several vaccines against cancer caused by human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16). Vaccinia viruses derived from replication competent strain P13 or attenuated MVA were used for construction of recombinant viruses expressing HPV16-E7 in highly immunogenic fusion construct SigE7LAMP. Recombinant viruses were used both in prophylactic and therapeutic settings in mouse tumor models using TC-1 or TC-1/A9 cells. The genes encoding stimulatory cytokines GM-CSF or Flt3 ligand were inserted into the above viruses to support the immune system and to potentiate the anticancer response. Tumor microenvironment was modified using the recombinant viruses expressing both the E7 gene and soluble receptor for TGF-β which should decrease the inhibition of immune system caused by tumor TGF-β cytokine and elicit the response against tumor cells. Intratumoral or intraperitoneal administration of viruses enhanced anticancer response in mice, the viruses expressing Flt3 ligand induced the proliferation of E7- specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes....
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Health and social care for cancer patients in university hospital Pilsen
RATHOVÁ, Lucie
The bachelor thesis focuses on the health and social problem of oncologically ill patients in Plzeň university hospital. The thesis is divided into a theoretical and an empiric part. The theoretical part of the thesis is focused on the occurence of oncological illnesses and gender distribution. Further on, the theoretical part describes some of the examination methods, the causes of oncological illness origin and subsequently it deals with the social influence on the patient who is oncologically ill and under palliative care. In the last section of the theoretical part health and social services provided by the University Hospital in Plzeň for oncologically ill patients are described. The goal of the practical part was to describe the problem of oncologically ill patients in the Plzeň University Hospital from a multidisciplinary care point of view. To gain information I used the methodics of a qualitative research. Semi-structured interviews were used as a tool for the research. Semi-structured intervews were carried out with ten patients who were getting treatment in the Plzeň University Hospital. Research questions were the following. How do patients in the oncological department perceive the care provided? What problem within multidisciplinary care do patients perceive as the most serious one? The result of the thesis is the finding that patients in Plzeň University Hospital are satisfied with health care, with the treatment as well as the behaviour of caretaking staff. The most serious problem they perceive within the provision of multidisciplinary care is the fact that they have not met any social worker or psychologist. Services of these two members of a multidisciplinary team have not even been offered to them. Many patients have told me that they were missing this kind of help, they were left to solve all problems by themselves.
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Arching
Willertová, Aneta ; Dolanová,, Lenka (referee) ; Klímová, Barbora (advisor)
The topic of this bachelor's thesis is the formation of so-called "personal mythologies" - subjective constructs of reality which are created spontaneously and naturally as a result of the need of inner and outer world interpretation. These constructs are built on the groundwork of experiences, impressions and memories, associating organically and creating unique bonds. The work put a goal to make this topic as an environment which will show the spectator those bonds, background of their formation and final mythologies as a selfportraits unit.
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High Voltage Pulse Generator for Electroporation of Cells
Puczok, Václav ; Martiš, Jan (referee) ; Červinka, Dalibor (advisor)
The main goal of this thesis is to design control board for the experimental electroporation device and to develop control firmware. The first chapter of this work focuses on the electroporation phenomenon itself. Behaviour of the cell model in external electrical field is described there as well as simulation and overview of how electroporation affects living tissue. It also explains the main requirements for parameters of the electroporation pulses as well as need for ECG synchronization. Furthermore, some remarks are given about novel high frequency electroporation method, which involves use of nanosecond bipolar high voltage pulse bursts. The second chapter briefly introduces commercial electroporation device called Nanoknife, including control part, power part, and it's limits. The third chapter consists of introduction of the novel experimental electroporation device developed at BUT. Power part of this device is discussed as well. Next chapter focuses on design of the control board for this device and also on description of the particular schematic parts. There is a control algorithm explanation in the fifth chapter of this thesis followed by the brief manual to machine operation.
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Microarray Data Interpretation
Ludwig, Petr ; Šilhavá, Jana (referee) ; Smrž, Pavel (advisor)
This Bachelor thesis explains the basics of biochip or microarray data interpretation, starting with short introduction to genetics, especially genetic information significance evaluating. The focus was set mainly on the set of scripts transforming and analyzing the sample data. The data used in this thesis are a result of biochip analysis of the Colon Tumor tissues. The secondary result represents disclosing the main marker for this particular type of cancer, the primary result is evaluation of marker significance in the context of signaling pathways. The resulting pathways are sorted by relevance.
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The effect of therapeutical ultrasound and metalic nanoparticles on carcinoma cells
Kalužová, Adéla ; Rozman, Jiří (referee) ; Bernard, Vladan (advisor)
This thesis focuses on the research of an effect of ultrasound and nanoparticles on cancer cells. In the literature search there the applications of ultrasound field in the interaction with aplication of metallic nanoparticles to viability of cancer cells are described, on the basis of in vitro experiments‘ performance. The purpose of metallic nanoparticles‘ application should be a possible reinforcing of its antitumor effect thanks to the presence of ultrasound field. In next part of the literature search there are included the technical performance of devices, their indications and contraindications, parameters of ultrasound fields and application of metallic nanoparticles. The metallic nanoparticles have been becoming a part of the human’s life more and more, that is why it’s necessary to deal with these miniature particles at a higher level. The aim of this thesis is to suggest the ways of resolution based on the principle of sounding of cells with the ultrasound field of suitable parameters and in combination with the application of metallic nanoparticles with a successive performance of the cell viability tests. The viability was determinated by the MTT assay test. Another part of this work is the measurement of parameters of this zone by means of a submersible needle hydrophone, for a better understanding of the ultrasonic zone. In the final part of this work there is necessary the statistical evaluation of the measured data of the experiments carried out and the discussion of the results obtained.
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Signal Processing for Diffusion Weighted Imaging
Petrek, Tomáš ; Bartušek, Karel (referee) ; Marcoň, Petr (advisor)
Diploma thesis explores the possibility of using diffusion-weighted images in medicine. The paper is a brief physical principle of operation of the magnetic resonance as a tool for non-destructive imaging of the internal structure of substances, the principle of the display contrast as T1, T2 and diffusion weighted images, the course of the sequence for obtaining images with different contrast. Medicine is faced with the problem of classification of pathological tissue in the brain. Contrast diffusion-weighted images does not visually determine the shape of pathological tissue in the form of a tumor or edema. With the T1 and T2 weighted images were calculated mask corresponding tumor and edema, that have been applied to the diffusion-weighted images. Images of the tumor and edema have been subjected diffusivity measurements and statistical evaluation for the purpose of classifying the type of tumor. Investigations were seven findings glioma and metastatic five awards. The research was focused on classifying pathological tissue.
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