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Fear before, during and after amniocentesis
Valová, Petra ; Slowik, Regina (advisor) ; Chvátilová, Pavlína (referee) ; Kubátová, Jolana (referee)
Fear before, during and after amniocentesis The theme of this paper is "Fear before, during and after amniocentesis". I have chosen this theme as it is close to me. I studied to be midwife and I underwent amniocentesis myself. In the theoretical part I have defined the notion fear according to several authors. Then I have tried to describe amniocentesis on the basis of approachable medical publications. I paid the attention to the history, dividing, technique, indication and contraindication of amniocentesis. Another section of the theoretical part is a chapter about amnion, examples of samples examination and examples of congenital developing defects which are found from amnion. In empiric part of the paper there are the aims to discuss the age level of the women who underwent amniocentesis, find out if they have the basic general knowledge about surgery and where they got the information about it from. I was also interested in reasons for amniocentesis, concrete causes of fear, pregnant women have, which is connected to the surgery as well as patients' feelings before, during and after amniocentesis. The last raised question was whether they would undergo this surgery again. According to the research I have found out that the age level of women undergoing the amniocentesis is usually between 26 - 30 years...
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Light Emission from Materials Based on Silicon
Kůsová, Kateřina
New characterization techniques based on the use of local luminescence probes enable to study the properties of various nanostructures for optoelectronic applications with high (nanometric) spatial resolution. An experimental setup for measuring by one of these methods, namely, the photon emission induced with the tip of a scanning tunnelling microscope (PESTM), has been built.In the future, this setup will be used for studying the luminescence from individual silicon nanocrystals in contrast to traditional macroscopic measurements providing only the information on the light emission from a large number of nanocrystals. Nanocrystalline silicon is a promising material in which the light emission is enhanced, in contrast to monocrystalline silicon, by quantum connement.Optoelectronic properties of two series of samples containing this interesting material were measured.Firstly, a weak electroluminescence signal and reasonable transport properties of samples prepared by embedding electrochemically etched silicon nanocrystals into SiO2 matrix, and secondly, a conductive path created between individual silicon nanocrystals implanted in a silica glass slab were observed.Besides, for the latter series of samples, an interference model was developed and used to describe their structure. All these results are...
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Analysis and development of IS/ICT solution for project Sanace dluhů in the Czech republic
Kaltoun, Jan ; Chlapek, Dušan (advisor) ; Komínek, Stanislav (referee)
This paper describes the analysis and development of IS/ICT for the project Sanace dluhů in the Czech republic which is being realised by The Association for Probation and Mediation in Justice in cooperation with Czech Probation and Mediation Service and Swiss association VEBO. The goal of this project was to design and realize the IS/ICT support for project Sanace dluhů. In order to meet this goal many activities had to be performed such as designing the architecture of the information system, programming the IASW and the creation of documentation and training of future users. The first part of this paper describes the process of choosing the methodology and continues with more detailed description of the chosen methodology and with the description of how the methodology was adapted to fit the project. In this part there are also mentioned the agile techniques and models used during the analysis. In the next chapter the author describes and documents the analysis of clients' requests and the present state. Following chapters describe among other topics the design of the final solution, selected topics dealing with the application development and with the process of delivery of the developed solution to end-users. This part of the paper also discusses the future possibilities of extending the application. Author's contribution lies in performing the activities specified by the chosen methodology and in presentation of their outputs. In the process of creation of this paper the author understood the project Sanace dluhů, thoroughly analysed the requests for its IS/ICT support, reacted on the changes in requests and created a product based on these requests that fulfills clients' vision. Author then put the product into operation considering both hardware and software and trained its users.
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Jsou pražští žebráci jako newyorští taxikáři?
Šilhavá, Dana ; Bartoň, Petr (advisor) ; Janíčko, Martin (referee)
I explore Prague beggars' decision making about their daily work hours. Begging is posited as supplying a service, in the case of Prague with barriers to entry on the production side, with the Charles Bridge as the extreme monopoly example. Financial analysis of the self-employed beggars' wages, expenses and wage rate determinants offers many insights about the workings of the market. I contrast 2 possible models of labor supply: intertemporal substitution and income targeting, representing respectively the concepts of maximizing and satisficing: Maximizers adjust their day's work-hours to the days' varying wage rate, whereas satisficers bracket decisions narrowly and set daily income targets to be reached. 37 of the 43 Prague beggars sampled are found to be satisficers in much the same way as New York City cabdrivers (Camerer 1997); however, this is often a perfectly rational response to the specific constraints of the beggar's profession (e.g. social tax, lack of savings opportunities), satisficing is thus much more justifiable in their case.
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Fire Station Type C2
Wojcik, Jindřich ; Dohnal, Jakub (referee) ; Fuciman, Ondřej (advisor)
Diplom thesis is about design of the fire station of type C2 for the HZS. The building is divided into two parts. First part of a building is designed as a rectangular recessed floor. The first part of building consists of two floors and one underground floor. Roofed by a single-layer flat roof of soft PVC. The building will be used to perform the services, the fire brigade. It will be used 24 hours a day. In the basement is located warehouse, HVAC room, utility room and a lounge with an alternative source of electricity. On the first floor are designed garages for storage technique and also the dressing room, workroom, washing box, warehouse, room for chemical-technical service and concierge. The second floor is designed to serve firefighters. The second part of the building is a training tower, which will be used to train firefighters and for drying hoses. The training tower is designed as a simple steel structure with four floors. The project was developed in the educational version of ArchiCAD 16th project is designed in accordance with the requirements of a layout, architectural design, structural design proper and safe use of the building.
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Natural Sources of Chlorinated Volatile Hydrocarbons in Spruce Forest Undergrowth
Štangelová, Pavla ; Wimmer, Zdeněk ; Tesařová, E. ; Forczek, Sándor
Chlorine as one of the most frequently occurring elements in nature, is involved in biogeochemical\ncycles. Several anthropogenic and even natural sources of volatile chlorinated hydrocarbons of\nemission is known, yet natural sources have not been explored enough. The aim of this study is to\ngather information of potential sources of chlorinated organic hydrocarbons in spruce forest\nundergrowth. Emissions of chlorinated volatile hydrocarbons of selected species of bryophytes,\nferns and fungi were measured by SMPE sampling technique and analyzed with GC-MS analysis.\nSodium chloride solution was used as a stressor to simulate increased environmental chloride load.\nTrichloromethane (chloroform) was found in most natural samples, dichloromethane,\ntetrachloroethene and tetrachloromethane were found occasionally. Increased chloride\nconcentration caused elevated emissions of trichloromethane and tetrachloromethane in some plant\nspecies.
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The quality of the external audit and the influence of the selection of an auditor on audit quality
Macourková, Eva ; Králíček, Vladimír (advisor) ; Roubíčková, Jaroslava (referee)
The thesis deals with audit quality and auditor selection. These can indeed have a significant effect on audit quality. The introductory chapters of the thesis describe a quality in general form. It offers a basic characteristic of audit and auditor. It is deal with a legislative framework, necessary standards and another regulation of audit quality. Subsequently, it explains control system of audit quality in the Czech Republic and it describes watchdog bodies in the Czech Republic. After that the publication of Federation of European Accountants (FEE) from 2013 is analysed and criteria are presented. These criteria proceed from survey of FEE and determine the auditor selection. In conclusion it deals with application of discovered information on the individual practical examples of application for execution of audit or other audit services. This achieved information is used to create a sample form. This sample form of application for execution of audit could serve to improve of audit quality in the first stage of auditor selection. The ISO standards, book of Audit and the FEE publication are the main information source for the thesis.
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Consequences of assumption violations of selected statistical methods
Marcinko, Tomáš ; Blatná, Dagmar (advisor) ; Malá, Ivana (referee) ; Lukáš, Ladislav (referee)
Classical parametric methods of statistical inference and hypothesis testing are derived under fundamental theoretical assumptions, which may or may not be met in real world applications. However, these methods are usually used despite the violation of their underlying assumptions, while it is argued, that these methods are quite insensitive to the violation of relevant assumptions. Moreover, alternative nonparametric or rank tests are often overlooked, mostly because these methods may be deemed to be less powerful then parametric methods. The aim of the dissertation is therefore a description of the consequences of assumption violations concerning classical one-sample and two-sample statistical methods and a consistent and comprehensive comparison of parametric, nonparametric and robust statistical techniques, which is based on extensive simulation study and focused mostly on a normality and heteroscedasticity assumption violation. The results of the simulation study confirmed that the classical parametric methods are relatively robust, with some reservations in case of outlying observations, when traditional methods may fail. On the other hand, the empirical study clearly proved that the classical parametric methods are losing their optimal properties, when the underlying assumptions are violated. For example, in many cases of non-normality the appropriate nonparametric and rank-based methods are more powerful, and therefore a statement, that these methods are unproductive due to their lack of power may be considered a crucial mistake. However, the choice of the most appropriate distribution-free method generally depends on the particular form of the underlying distribution.
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Processing and Properties of 1D and 2D Boron Nitride Nanomaterials Reinforced Glass Composites
Saggar, Richa ; Cihlář, Jaroslav (referee) ; Tatarko, Peter (referee) ; Dlouhý, Ivo (advisor)
Glasses and ceramics offer several unique characteristics over polymers or metals. However, they suffer from a shortcoming due to their brittle nature, falling short in terms of fracture toughness and mechanical strength. The aim of this work is to reinforce borosilicate glass matrix with reinforcements to increase the fracture toughness and strength of the glass. Boron nitride nanomaterials, i.e. nanotubes and nanosheets have been used as possible reinforcements for the borosilicate glass matrix. The tasks of the thesis are many fold which include: 1. Reinforcement of commercially derived and morphologically different (bamboo like and cylinder like) boron nitride nanotubes in borosilicate glass with the concentration of 0 wt%, 2.5 wt% and 5 wt% by ball milling process. Same process was repeated with reinforcing cleaned boron nitride nanotubes (after acid purification) into the borosilicate glass with similar concentrations. 2. Production of boron nitride nanosheets using liquid exfoliation technique to produce high quality and high aspect ratio nanosheets. These boron nitride nanosheets were reinforced in the borosilicate glass matrix with concentrations of 0 wt%, 2.5 wt% and 5 wt% by ball milling process. The samples were consolidated using spark plasma sintering. These composites were studied in details in terms of material analysis like thermo-gravimetric analysis, detailed scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy for the quality of reinforcements etc.; microstructure analysis which include the detailed study of the composite powder samples, the densities of bulk composite samples etc; mechanical properties which include fracture toughness, flexural strength, micro-hardness, Young’s modulus etc. and; tribological properties like scratch resistance and wear resistance. Cleaning process of boron nitride nanotubes lead to reduction in the Fe content (present in boron nitride nanotubes during their production as a catalyst) by ~54%. This leads to an improvement of ~30% of fracture toughness measured by chevron notch technique for 5 wt% boron nitride nanotubes reinforced borosilicate glass. It also contributed to the improvement of scratch resistance by ~26% for the 5 wt% boron nitride nanotubes reinforced borosilicate glass matrix. On the other hand, boron nitride nanosheets were successfully produced using liquid exfoliation technique with average length was ~0.5 µm and thickness of the nanosheets was between 4-30 layers. It accounted to an improvement of ~45% for both fracture toughness and flexural strength by reinforcing 5 wt% of boron nitride nanosheets. The wear rates reduced by ~3 times while the coefficient of friction was reduced by ~23% for 5 wt% boron nitride nanosheets reinforcements. Resulting improvements in fracture toughness and flexural strength in the composite materials were observed due to high interfacial bonding between the boron nitride nanomaterials and borosilicate glass matrix resulting in efficient load transfer. Several toughening and strengthening mechanisms like crack bridging, crack deflection and significant pull-out were observed in the matrix. It was also observed that the 2D reinforcement served as more promising candidate for reinforcements compared to 1D reinforcements. It was due to several geometrical advantages like high surface area, rougher surface morphology, and better hindrance in two dimensions rather than just one dimension in nanotubes.
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Analysis of subthreshold public contracts on services
Vycudilíková, Eva ; Ochrana, František (advisor) ; Vítek, Leoš (referee)
The thesis deals with a topic of subthreshold public procurement on services in the Czech Republic in 2014. The main point of the thesis is to evaluate the effectiveness of the public procurement by analysing selected sample of the subthreshold public procurement on services in 2014. At first there is a brief description of general and legal requirements for the public procurement functioning. Secondly an analysis of the sample of the public procurement is made applying criteria as type of contracting entity or type of procedure. Then the influence of these two patterns on number of offers from contenders and also on savings of public financial assets is examined. Results of the regresion analysis say that there is a positive effect of the openess of procedures on creating the savings of the public financial assets.
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