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Molecular mechanisms of checkpoint signalling and termination
Benada, Jan ; Macůrek, Libor (advisor) ; Brábek, Jan (referee) ; Truksa, Jaroslav (referee)
Cells employ an extensive signalling network to protect their genome integrity, termed DNA damage response (DDR). The DDR can trigger cell cycle checkpoints which prevent cell cycle progression and allow repair of DNA damage. The failures in these safeguarding mechanism are represented by serious human malignancies, most predominantly by cancer development. This work aims to contribute to the understanding of how do the cells negatively regulate DDR and cell cycle checkpoint signalling. We focused mainly on Wip1 (PPM1D) phosphatase, which is a major negative regulator of DDR and is indispensable for checkpoint recovery. Firstly, we have shown that Wip1 is degraded during mitosis in APC-Cdc20 dependent manner. Moreover, Wip1 is phosphorylated at multiple residues during mitosis, resulting in inhibition of its enzymatic activity. We suggest that the abrogation of Wip1 activity enables cells to react adequately even to low levels of DNA damage encountered during unperturbed mitosis. In the following publication, we have investigated why the mitotic cells trigger only early events of DDR and do not proceed to the recruitment of DNA repair factors such as 53BP1. We showed that 53BP1 is phosphorylated within its ubiquitination-dependent recruitment domain by CDK1 and Plk1. These phosphorylations prevents...
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Analyze of working satisfaction
Mašátová, Jana ; Stříteský, Marek (advisor) ; Rys, Luboš (referee)
The aim of thesis was summed up the basic theoretical knowledge, to identify the fundamental factors of working satisfaction, to analyze working satisfaction to identify the factors of working satisfaction and dissatisfaction. Based on the results of research propose new measures how to improve dissatisfaction. In this thesis was used a questionnaire survey and structured interviews. A questionnaire was used for technical-economic employees and workers. Structured interviews were conducted with five top managers. Respondents were asked about satisfaction with the content of work, remuneration, promotion of personal development and career growth, the human relations and working conditions. In conclusion they were asked about their relation to the company in which they work.
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Formation of spatio-temporal molecular gradients in early embryonic development of Xenopus laevis.
Šídová, Monika ; Tlapáková, Tereza (advisor) ; Pěknicová, Jana (referee) ; Petr, Jaroslav (referee)
Clarifying the underlying spatio-temporal mechanisms that determine body pattern is important for detailed understanding of embryonic development. A crucial question of vertebrate embryogenesis remains: when and how are single blastomeres determined for differentiation that subsequently leads to body axes specification and the formation of different tissues and organs? The answer to this question will be beneficial for primary research as well as in the field of applied medicine. The main aim of the presented thesis was to study spatio-temporal molecular gradients of cell fate determinants during early embryonic development. The African clawed frog Xenopus laevis was used as a model organism because of their large size of oocytes and external embryonic development. Due to late activation of embryonic transcription, a crucial mechanism of early blastomeres determination is dependent on asymmetric localization of maternal factors within oocyte and their uneven distribution into single blastomeres during early cell division. Two main localization patterns were identified along the animal-vegetal axis of the mature Xenopus oocyte using qPCR tomography. The localization gradient with preference in either animal or vegetal hemisphere was found for maternal mRNA as well as miRNAs. Moreover, two vegetal...
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Selected issues of conflict of laws in international family law
Birnerová, Nikol ; Pfeiffer, Magdalena (advisor) ; Brodec, Jan (referee)
This thesis is aimed at specific questions of conflict rules of the international family law. Specifically, it focuses on the conflict law rules of matrimonial law with an international element. It takes into account the domestic, as well as the international regulation and regulation of the European Union. The thesis is divided into eight chapters. It starts with an introduction, which is followed by the second chapter which deals with the concept of international family law and its sources. The third chapter devoted to a general explanation of the conflict rules including the most significant related terms, such as determining factor or public order. The fourth chapter is aimed at the legal regulation of concluding a marriage with respect of the conflict rules determining the law applicable in case of capacity to conclude a marriage, its validity and form. This chapter also deals with consular marriages and marriages concluded abroad in case of threat to life. The fifth chapter contains he conflict rules of personal and property situation of spouses. This chapter at the same time reflects a recent progress in this field as far as European Union law on property situation in marriage is concerned. The sixth chapter is aimed at termination of mixed marriage and primarily at conflict rules of...
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Dementia in the Czech Republic: development, projection and risk factors
Cséfalvaiová, Kornélia ; Langhamrová, Jitka (advisor) ; Malá, Ivana (referee) ; Růžková, Jiřina (referee)
Doctoral thesis deals with dementia, which social, health and economic impacts are alarming worldwide. Expected dramatic increase in the number of people with cognitive impairment will put high demands on health and social care. Population aging and the increase of elderly persons aged 65+ evoked a need to address this issue, since age is the major risk factor for dementia. Conflicting conclusions of the European and international studies confirm the difficulty of quantifying the disease. Different definitions and measurement methods lead to different results. In the Czech Republic, in comparison with other developed European countries, there is no relevant research on the expected increase in the number of people with dementia or trends and determinants of severe cognitive impairment. Available estimates of the prevalence of dementia in the Czech Republic are based exclusively on the international prevalence studies EURODEM and Eurocode. Dissertation provides an estimate of the number of people with dementia in the Czech Republic to 2050 based on the construction of life tables for demented people. The thesis also includes analysis of risk factors of severe cognitive impairment based on socio-demographic and health variables. This knowledge is very important for the development and maintenance of effective policies and programs responsive to the needs of individuals living with cognitive impairment in the Czech Republic.
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Taxonomic trees of fluidic oscillators
Tesař, Václav
Fluidic no-moving-part oscillators generating fluid flow pulsation became recently very popular subject of investigations. The reason is their capability to increase efficiency of various chemical and physical/chemical processes. Also control of flows past bodies is more effective with pulsation. Advantages of fluidic oscillators are lowcost, robustness, long life, no maintenance, and similar factors associated with absence of mechanical moving components. New oscillator principles - as well as old nearly forgotten but now re-discovered ones - are currently developed. Sheer number of possible alternatives makes them difficult to survey. This paper attempts at clarifying the situation by proposing three different approaches.
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The Opera Ensemble of Josef Kajetan Tyl Theatre Analysis
Kopřivová, Zuzana ; Riedlbauch, Václav (advisor) ; Šmíd, Ilja (referee)
The thesis is based on analyzing the opera department production that works within the multiensembled theater in Pilsen. The first part introduces the main factors that theater industry in the Czech Republic deals with, describes the different types of theaters, typology and their internal organization. The theoretical part ends with particular factors like efficiency and production concerning Josef Kajetan Tyl Theater. The theoretical part is followed by the practical one, that is fully dedicated to the particular opera ensemble in Pilsen. This section describes the economic and artistic differences and difficulties of this opera department as well as its strengths and weaknesses. Due to research and personal interviews with the most important people of this ensemble (the director of the theater, the head of the opera ensemble and the dramaturge) I could have observed and therefore analyze this ensemble from different views and perspectives. The conclusion of the thesis reveals whether the opera ensemble in Pilsen is successful or not.
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The metabolic response to acute coronary syndrome focusing on tissue factor, metalloproteinases and soluble CD40 ligand
Bis, Josef ; Vojáček, Jan (advisor) ; Mates, Martin (referee) ; Vítovec, Jiří (referee)
The metabolic response to acute coronary syndrome focusing on tissue factor,, metalloproteinases and soluble CD40 ligand Introduction: The cause of acute coronary syndrome is unstable plaque and its rupture. Pathogenesis is complex and requires various mechanisms and depends both on the composition of plaque and thrombotic activity of blood. Objectives: The main goal of this work was to assess local levels of plasma tissue factor (TF), tissue factor inhibitor (TFPI), tissue metalloproteinases (MMP-2, 3 and 9) and inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2 (TIMP-2), a highly selective C-reactive protein (CRP) and soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) in patients with acute coronary syndrome and with stable angina pectoris in the systemic circulation, the coronary sinus and to determine the time course of blood levels in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Methods and results: Study population include patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). In 24 patients with stable CAD (SCAD) at time of diagnostic coronary angiography, we withdrew samples from the coronary sinus (CS), femoral vein (VF) and left coronary artery (LMCA). In 29 patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) we took samples of venous blood also 24 hours and 7 days from the start. The samples were fixed levels of TF, TFPI, MMP-2, 3 and 9, TIMP-2, CRP, and...
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The Development of Local Government in the Municipality of Podlesí
Kolaříková, Martina ; Kubálek, Michal (advisor) ; Marek, Marek (referee)
The thesis deals with the development of local government in the village of Podlesí. The village of Podlesí is situated in the Central Region, approximately two kilometers from the town of Pribram. On December 31, 2015, it had a population of 1 097 inhabitants. The main objektive of this study was to identify factors that influence the character of the local political process in the village of Podlesí. This is a case study that shows the development of the local political process here from 1990 to 2014. Working initially in the theory explains the concepts related to public administration, local authorities, the function of elections and electoral systems, municipal electoral systém and the local political process. The practical part describes the village of Podlesí. This description includes Podlesí´s history, its development of demographic characteristics and social amenities. After that an individual comparison of individual results of municipal elections from 1990 to 2014, personal interviews with local political figures and defined the character of local political processes in the village of Podlesí.
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Intermitence factor evaluation by bypass boundary layer transition in flows on rough surface on flat plate
Skála, Vladislav ; Antoš, Pavel
Bypass boundary layer transition in flows on rough surface on flat plate was investigated experimentally. It was measuered cases with combination of roughness of surface by different free stream turbulence intenzity. Hot wire anemometry technique was used. Measuerement were made on flat plate in closed wind tunnel. Flat plate was covered by different roughness foils (sandpapers). Adverse pressure gradient was set by diffuser in tested section of wind tunnel. Grid turbulence of free stream was controlled by grid. Hot wire anemometry technique was used, intermitency factor was evaluated.
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