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Incomplete Search Techniques
Lehotský, Jakub ; Barták, Roman (advisor) ; Surynek, Pavel (referee)
Title:Incomplete Search Techniques Author: Jakub Lehotský Department: Department of Theoretical Computer Science and Mathematical Logic Supervisor: Doc. RNDr. Roman Barták, Ph.D. Supervisor's email address: bartak@ktiml.mff.cuni.cz Abstract:The constraint satisfaction problems is set of discrete combinatorial problems which address to solve many of the real life problems. They are commonly solved by inference and search algorithms. In most cases the complete search algorithm can find a solution to a problem, but in many cases, search space is too large to be explored completely. In these case the limitation of search space is necessary in a way which gives us some way to still find a solution without having to search whole search space. Discrepancy-based search algorithms limit the search space by limiting the number where search decisions go against the heuristic in given search. Incomplete algorithms don't guarantee finding a solution. Many incomplete algorithms have any-time property useful in optimization problems, where algorithm provides some solution at any time even if it is not an optimal one. Keywords: CSP, incomplete search, discrepancy search 1
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Equipment for Thickening Waste Water from Biogas Plants
Vondra, Marek ; Bébar, Ladislav (referee) ; Hoffman,, Pavel (referee) ; Stehlík, Petr (advisor)
This dissertation thesis deals with the development of technology which could tackle two major issues related to biogas plants. These issues concern the insufficient use of waste heat from biogas combustion and its subsequent processing. It also concerns the use of the fermentation residues which are formed in large quantities and whose use is restricted by law. Based on a literary search of separation methods, a vacuum evaporator was selected as the most suitable technology. Its advantages include its simple construction, operational reliability and robustness, low costs of thickening medium pre-treatment, potential for a quick commercial application and, especially, the chance to use a low-potential waste heat. A primary purpose of this technological unit is the reduction in the volume of fermentation residues. Other benefits include the efficient use of waste heat from a biogas plant, which would otherwise be wasted. Evaporators with a low consumption of electrical energy (which is a main product of a biogas plant) seem to be the best option for applications in the biogas plants. Three of these technologies were subjected to a more thorough analysis, which included the development of computational models and their quantification for conditions in a sample biogas plant. A one-stage evaporator with a forced circulation (680 – 712 kWhth/m3, 25.9 – 30.5 kWhel/m3) was evaluated as the least suitable option in terms of energy demands. The energy intensity of a three-stage evaporator with a falling film (241 – 319 kWhth/m3, 12.0 – 23.6 kWhel/m3) and a nine-stage flash evaporator (236 – 268 kWhth/m3, 13.6 – 18.4 kWhel/m3) is significantly lower. A multi-stage flash evaporator (MSF) was then chosen for development and will form the central focus of this thesis. The reasons for the choice are as follows: the low requirements on the heat transfer surface, good operational experience in the field of desalination, its simple construction, modularity and evaporation outside the heat transfer surface. A thorough technical-economic evaluation was also performed on the integration of the evaporator into the biogas plant. The main part of the work included the experimental development of a MSF evaporator prototype. The main objective of this development was to achieve a stable flow rate of the thickening liquid digestate fraction and the continuous formation of the distillate. This was not an easy objective to achieve, especially due to the properties of the liquid digestate, which has a non-newtonian characteristic and increased density and viscosity compared to water. The tendency of the liquid digestate to form foam was also the subject of analysis. The development of the evaporator and first successful operational test are described in the thesis in detail. This required the use of an anti-foaming product. A fully-developed prototype of the MSF evaporator allowed us to achieve continuous operation with a distillate production, reaching from 5 to 10 kg/h at a liquid digestate flow rate of 0.4–0.5 m3/h. The main drawback of this technology is the pollution of the distillate with ammonia nitrogen, and it is for this reason that the basic procedures of its subsequent elimination was selected for further analysis.
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Transdermal and dermal delivery of acyclic nucleoside phosphonates
Líbalová, Martina ; Vávrová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Hrabálek, Alexandr (referee)
The objective of this diploma thesis was to determine the transdermal permeation and dermal penetration of acyclic nucleoside phosphonates, a new class of broad-spectrum antivirals. Transport of selected acyclic nucleoside phosphonates through and into porcine skin and the effect of solvents of different polarities was studied in vitro using Franz diffusion cell. We found relatively large differences in the absorption of the individual substances and a marked influence of lipofility of donor vehicle: isopropyl myristate and water. In the second part of this work we studied the influence of pH, concentration in the donor sample and the presence of 1% permeation enhancer 6- dimethylaminohexanoic acid dodecyl ester (DDAK) on the transdermal and dermal delivery of perspective anticancer substance: N6-cyklopropyl-9-[2-(phosphonomethoxy)ethyl]-2,6- diaminopurine (N6-CyPr-PMEDAP). This substance permeates through intact skin barrier relatively slowly and without any dependence on the donor sample pH or its concentration. The addition of 1% permeation enhancer DDAK to the donor sample resulted in an order-of-magnitude increase of permeation and approximately in double increase of penetration at all pH values. The maximum activity of DDAK was observed at pH 6. Increasing the N6-CyPr-PMEDAP concentration in...
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Renonc - whist
Kozmík, Václav ; Šerý, Ondřej (referee) ; Kronus, David (advisor)
The presented work concentrates on a development of a card playing game application for PC. The resulting application allows us to play against computer opponents or to play over the network against human opponents. Arti ficial intelligence achieves slightly advanced gameplay level, complies with common game practice and uses minimax algorithm for solving situations at the end of game. Network communication runs over a protocol based on XML, which allows easy development of alternative client interfaces in any programming language. Bene ts, compared to present applications, include modern graphical interface, large number of rules settings and also the possibility to save the game state at any time when playing local or internet game. This work describes the application from user's and programmer's point of view and it also includes a comparison with other similar applications.
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Near duplicate detection in large document collections
Benčík, Daniel ; Kopecký, Michal (referee) ; Pecina, Pavel (advisor)
This thesis deals with the problematics of detecting documents, which are so similair one to another, that we can consider them to be (nearly) identical and that in collections having up to millions of documents. The greatest aim of this thesis is a comparison of new, fast algorithms designed to solve this task with current algorithms, which due to their complexitiy cannot be used for large collections. The thesis contains an implementation of both new and current methods of solving the given task toghether with applications that are designed to experimentally compare these methods.
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Centralized management of user access rights in large organizations with heterogeneous structure
Balada, Jakub ; Vohnoutová, Marta (advisor) ; Beneš, Antonín (referee)
Each platform, a database, a group of applications etc. have its own management, its own user list and list of user rights, its own security policy and so on. The administration is demanding, application control and data access make demands both on system administrators, data owners, and common users. This situation is not suitable even for a general security policy of an organization. That is why the Identity and Access Management is implemented. The Identity Management solves a central user management including their user roles. User accounts as well as other user information in subordinate systems and applications are created, modified and deleted exclusively through the Identity Management. On the other hand, the Access Management is the single source of information about user access rights for systems and applications. This diploma thesis describes in detail a system of hierarchy of user access rights, a way, particular user access rights are approved, and a way of their activations. The solution described, is a part of a real large project made for a big state authority.
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The study of azaphthalocyanines interactions with unilamellar liposomes I.
Kučerová, Helena ; Zimčík, Petr (advisor) ; Miletín, Miroslav (referee)
Three types of different octasubstituted zinc azaphthalocyanines (ZIP-44Zn, ZIP-21Zn and ZIP-65Zn) were incorporated into liposomes made from dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DOPC). These dyes were incorporated into LUVETs (large unilamellar vesicles made by extrusion technique) which were obtained from suspension of multilamellar vesicles. Fluorescence spectra of the dyes in LUVETs were measured. The binding constants of azaphthalocyanines with LUVETs were calculated. Absorption spectra of the dyes in LUVETs were also measured and extinction coefficients were calculated. We found out that ZIP-44Zn (n-octylsulphanyl substituents) was present in DOPC liposomes only in very small amount while the other two dyes were incorporated in high concentration into LUVETs. This fact was connected with the level of aggregation of water insoluble AzaPc. ZIP-44Zn contains long alkyl chains as substituents on periphery. These substituents do not inhibit sufficiently the aggregation in water medium or in lipid bilayer. On the other hand, ZIP-21Zn and ZIP-65Zn contain bulky substituents on periphery and they were incorporated in large amount in phospholipid bilayer of liposomes.
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Means simplifying data entry in large ERPbased on SAP framework
Gold, Otto ; Richta, Karel (referee) ; Král, Jaroslav (advisor)
The thesis deals with the problem how are the various information system user interfaces suitable for the various groups of users of the IS. The author examines the impact of using suitable or unsuitable user interface on data entry process effectiveness in the scale of large IS. The thesis studies the user demands on IS and its interfaces and how well the interfaces solve these users demands. Author of the thesis suggests the measurement of the relationship quality between the users and the interface and using the exact method of search for the deficiencies in this relationship. The eforms technology is used to demonstrate that the new-fashioned and innovative user interfaces exists and can solve some users demands in the appropriate manner.
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The Crisis centre for children and family in the South Bohemian Region within an intervention care
VOLDŘICHOVÁ, Jana
My Diploma Thesis themed ``the Crisis centre for children and family in the South Bohemian Region within an intervention care{\crqq} has a research character. This thesis is divided into two large parts and consists of a theory and practice. The theoretical part is divided into five major chapters. The first one describes the Crisis centre for children and family in the South Bohemian Region. The second one is devoted to CAN syndrome. The third one deals with the most important legislation solving breaking of the basic children rights. In the fourth chapter I focus on family and the last one is devoted to divorces, serious child suits, solving of divorce suits in a Crisis centre. The practical part is research oriented. The aim of the thesis was to find out to what extent the intervention care is implemented in the work of the Crisis centre for children and family in the South Bohemian Region during a divorce period and after. In the first hypothesis I supposed that the clients who used the support to families in a difficult life situation in the Crisis centre for children and family in the South Bohemian Region managed to keep their role of parentage also after the divorce and finished conflicts and child manipulation. In the second hypothesis I supposed that clients managed to keep their role of parentage also after the divorce and finished conflicts and child manipulation regardless of being married, divorced or single and whether they care together for own or adopted child. To confirm or disconfirm the defined hypotheses I used the method of a questionnaire. The questionnaires were intended for employees of the Crisis centre for children and family, the clients of the Crisis centre for children and family in the South Bohemian Region and to public. I prepared a different type of questionnaire for each group. In total I handed out 115 questionnaires. All of them were returned to me. The return was 100%. The hypotheses are analysed at the end of the practical part. They were confirmed. In the conclusion of the thesis the knowledge based on the theoretical and practical parts are included. The last part includes annexes referring to the actual matters (e.g. an International co-operation within a child care, casuistry, the leaflet of the Crisis centre for children and family in the South Bohemian Region).
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