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Laboratory and Low Series Double Layer PCBś Production in PROTOCAD Laboratory
Chmela, Ondřej ; Zatloukal, Miroslav (referee) ; Starý, Jiří (advisor)
The content of this bachelor thesis is laboratory and low series production of double layer printed circuit boards. Thesis also includes theoretical analysis of materials and particular applications during their production. Main part focuses on PCB production using Panel plating method. Mainly on the analysis of the hole drilling technology Desmear, making holes conductive with Shadow technology, electrochemical plating of the holes and testing of the etching bath based on sulphuric acid. Practical part deals with preparation of sulfate etching bath, investigation of its durability a effectivity in laboratory conditions and low series operations. Furthermore, it tests technological steps of finishing, plating and making holes conductive. The results of these steps are then tested by microsections.
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IAS/IFRS Application under the Conditions of Czech Enterprises
Jankovič, Petr ; Matějíčková, Alena (referee) ; Kocmanová, Alena (advisor)
The Thesis deals with the application of the International Financial Reporting Standards on the data generated under the Czech accounting legislation. It further analyses the necessary adjustments to be made for preparation of the financial accounts in accordance to the IAS/IFRS and compares the formal and content differences between financial statements prepared under Czech legislation and IAS/IFRS. The most freqence adjustments with regards to the conversion of the financial statements to IAS/IFRS are on the basis of different conception of the financial leasing, reserves and to certain long-term items of the companies with different tax incidences. The Thesis demonstrates these adjustments and quantifies its incidences on the firm.
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Blaze Gratings with a Ribbed Back Slope
Krátký, Stanislav ; Meluzín, Petr ; Horáček, Miroslav ; Kolařík, Vladimír ; Matějka, Milan ; Chlumská, Jana ; Král, Stanislav
Binary relief phase-modulated gratings provide symmetrical diffraction of the incoming light beam. Asymmetrical gratings, e.g. asymmetrical triangular blazed gratings, are characteristic by an asymmetrical diffraction behavior, where one of the first diffraction orders is more important than the other one. Electron beam lithography is a suitable and flexible tool for patterning of such kind of gratings. High quality results can be readily obtained when the period of the grating is relatively large and the relief depth is relatively low, this is the case of gratings with a small blaze angle. As the blaze angle increases, the quality of result suffers from several patterning-related issues. One of the problems is a reflection of the incoming light beam from the back slope (anti-blaze facet) of the blaze grating. We propose a novel configuration, with a ribbed modulation of the back slope. This modulation is perpendicular to the direction of the grating grooves. This paper presents an analysis of the proposed blazed grating configuration. E-beam pattern generators were used to prepare a few\nsamples of blaze gratings with a ribbed back slope. One part of the experiment was performed with a Gaussianshaped beam and another one with the variable-shaped beam. Results of the experiment are presented.\nFinally, we discuss the optical performance of two blaze gratings with similar parameters, one of them is with the flat back slope and another one is with the ribbed back slope.
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Use of Microwave Heating in the Synthesis of Novel Polysaccharide Derivatives.
Taubner, T. ; Synytsia, A. ; Sobek, Jiří ; Kortanková, V. ; Čopíková, J.
Microwave-assisted modification of polysaccharides is a relatively new method. Microwave heating is used for improving of extraction, hydrolytic and synthetic procedures. Modification of polysaccharides with the microwave irradiation is effective, fast and economic. The aim of this study was to apply the microwave irradiation in synthesis of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) derivatives. This polysaccharide and its methyl ester reacted with n-butylamine yielding N-butylamide. The reactions were subsequently monitored by FUR and organic elemental analysis of the products. Degree of substitution (DS) and reaction yields were calculated based on nitrogen and carbon contents. The optimal reaction conditions were found to prepare product with the highest DS. Amino-de-alkoxylation of CMC methyl ester was significantly more effective than direct microwave assisted amidation of CMC, and microwave assisted significantly improved amino-de-alkoxylation.
Fulltext: content.csg -  PDF
Plný tet: Proceedings of the ... Tauber, T._Use of microwave - PDF
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Optimizing Flow and Segregaton Properties of Lactose/Microcrystalline Cellulose Mixture for Tablet Compression.
Zámostný, P. ; Kreibichová, B. ; Hofmanová, D. ; Kulaviak, Lukáš ; Zelenková, K. ; Růžička, Marek
The present study deals with optimizing the flow and segregation properties of levocetirizine hydrochloride formulation, where the delay between homogenization and tablet compression was found to affect the tablet content uniformity. In addition to API, the base formulation comprised spray dried lactose monohydrate, milled lactose monohydrate 200 mesh, Avicel PH 101 microcrystalline cellulose, and minor excipients. Several alternative mixtures were prepared using the same total composition, but different grades of lactose and microcrystalline cellulose. These mixtures were then tested for the segregation behavior in an in-house segregation device and the flow properties using the Freeman FT4 powder rheometer. The segregation tests showed the grade of lactose is essential for mixture in-flow segregation. While SD lactose mixtures increased the API content in a direction countercurrent to flow, the milled lactose mixtures segregated API concurrently. Mixtures using both lactose grades showed combined effect, resulting in the least segregation due to the two segregation processes competing with each other. However, the segregation was extremely sensitive to ageing of the mixture. It was also found that each type of lactose causes a different flow regime of the mixture in process vessels. In order to improve the content uniformity of the tablets, it was found the volumetric flow regime of transport to tablet press is required as well as the aggregate formation should be prevented.\n
Fulltext: content.csg - PDF
Plný tet: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY - PDF
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Evaluation of Physical and Chemical Parameters of Still Less Exploited Species of Small Fruit and Proposal of a New Soft Drink from this Fruit
Cetkovská, Jitka ; Krška,, Boris (referee) ; Barták,, Petr (referee) ; Omelková, Jiřina (advisor)
This thesis deals with still less expolited species of small fruit, evaluation of its physical and chemical parameters and proposal of a new soft drink from one of the studied species of furit. Firstly, for the characterisation of basic nutrition parameters (dry matter, content of organic acids and saccharides) and biologicaly active substances (vitamin C, anthocyanins and phenolic compounds) suitable titration, spectrophotometric, chromatographic and electrophoretic methods were chosen, optimized and validated. The sample preparation procedure was optimized as well. For three years (2010–2012) the content of listed parameters was monitored in some cultivars of five species of small fruit: in seven cultivars of sea buckthorn, in ten cultivars of cornelian cherry, in twelve cultivars of rowanberry, in two cultivars of chokeberry and in seventeen cultivars of elderberry. By means of Duncan’s test, analysis of principal components (PCA) and cluster analysis (CLU) the main differences between studied cultivars were observed mainly in sea buckthorn and rowanberry, where single cultivars were easily distinguishable from others on the basis of genetic origin. On the basis of comparison of determined parameters in studied species of fruit and with collaboration with fruit processing company the suitable species of fruit for commercial utilization was chosen – elderberry, as a important source of anthocyanins and phenolic compounds. A new soft drink as a proposal of utilization of this fruit was created – fruit juice or nectar with portion of elderberry juice. Mixed juices and nectars with various composition were prepared from elderberry and grape juice and the sensory analysis of these drinks was performed. The best evaluated were 100% fruit juices prepared with 30–50% portion of elderberry juice. The composition was jurally protected. On the basis of this protection the product consisted from 100% fruit juice with 10% of elderberry component mixed with apple and grape juice was introduced to the market by the fruit processing company.
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ICP-OES with electrothermal vaporisation (ETV) as a possible tool for direct analysis of biologic samples
Matějková, Stanislava
Solid sampling electrothermal vaporization (ETV) inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) enable simple and rapid multielemental analysis of major, minor and trace elements without the need for pre-treatment of solid or liquid samples. By comparison with more common ICP-OES combined with a solution nebulization, the risk of contamination of analysed samples is reduced. The detection limits and the sample quantity needed for analysis via ETV-ICP-OES decrease as a result of the high-efectivity transport of the sample aerosol into the ICP torch. The connection of ETV unit to simultaneous ICP-OES allows us the fast direct and fully automatised analysis of numerous samples. The technique enable usually the combined calibration with home-made or certified solid and aqueous standards. We developed the methodology for tracking the carboran-based candidate-drugs time dependent concentration and for their pharmacokinetic evaluation. The method is based on direct boron or together boron and cobalt contents direct estimation in little amounts of fresh frozen mice tissues (5 – 10 mg of serum, brain or liver).\n
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Sharing of Czech Experience: Piloting SEEA-EEA in the Kyrgyz Republic
Vačkář, David ; Harmáčková, Veronika Zuzana ; Sylla, Marta ; Grammatikopoulou, Ioanna ; Whitham, Charlote ; Emmer, Adam ; Pártl, Adam
The report summarises the activities conducted within the project “Sharing of Czech Experience: Piloting SEEA-EEA in the Kyrgyz Republic”. The project was led by the Department of Human Dimensions of Global Change, Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, with support from the Czech-UNDP Trust Fund (CTF). This 6-month project worked closely with several key stakeholders in the Kyrgyz Republic including primarily: The National Statistical Committee (NSC), The State Agency for Environment Protection and Forestry (SAEPF) and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). The aims of the project were to build capacity for experimental ecosystem accounting (SEEA EEA) in the form of three stakeholder consultation workshops and continuous project collaboration with Kyrgyz partners and experts, mapping and mobilizing available data sources for SEEA EEA, and compiling pilot experimental ecosystem accounts for the Kyzyl Unkur leshoz in collaboration with project partners in the Kyrgyz Republic.
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A change of children's attitude towards school preparation from teacher's point of view from primary schools
VYSKOČILOVÁ, Jana
This bachelor thesis "Change of children school preparation from the view of elementary school teachers" is dealing with the developement of child in preschool age from the view of developmental psychology. There are definitions of basic concepts associated with the school preparation and possibilities in further development in children´s weaknesses. Qualitative research investigation by method of half structured and narrative conversation is implemented in practical part of this thesis. Teachers view of changes of school preparation over the last twenty years was studied this way. Elementary school teachers have at least twenty years of practical experience are research group.
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Impact of cryogenic grinding on iodine homogeneity in NIST SRM 1548a Typical Diet
Kameník, Jan ; Kučera, Jan
The reference material NIST SRM 1548a Typical Diet has a certified iodine mass fraction of 0.759±0.103 mg kg-1. The expanded uncertainty is rather large (relative value 13.6 %), thus the material does not provide strict requirements for quality control results. Milling of NIST SRM 1548a at the temperature of liquid nitrogen yielded free-flowing material. Iodine mass fraction in the original and cryo-ground materials was determined by epithermal neutron activation analysis (ENAA) and radiochemical neutron activation analysis (RNAA). The average and standard deviation from both methods was 0.73±0.03 mg kg-1 (20 values). The determined mass fraction was in a close agreement with the certified value of NIST SRM 1548a, thus iodine total content was not influenced by the milling procedure. In comparison to iodine mass fraction determined in the original NIST SRM 1548a 0.72±0.07 mg kg-1 (average ± standard deviation, 14 values), the standard deviation for cryo-ground material was considerably lower. The prepared quality control material sets up more stringent requirements on the validation and quality control procedures of the measurement of iodine mass fraction in such a composite food matrices. We believe that the iodine random inhomogeneity in the original NIST SRM 1548a is due to insufficient mixing of some iodine-rich component in the complex food matrices. Milling at the temperature of liquid nitrogen offers an effective option for production of future reference materials of this kind.
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