|
|
Porovnáni metod česko-ruského automatického překladu
Bílek, Karel ; Kuboň, Vladislav (advisor) ; Bojar, Ondřej (referee)
In this thesis, I am presenting several methods of Czech-to-Russian ma- chine translation, including both historical approaches and more modern ones, and including both phrase-based and rule-based systems. I am rst brie y describing the linguistic background of Czech and Russian, and their common history and di er- ences. en, I am describing automating, building and improving some o he ma- chine translation systems, together with their comparison, using both an automated metric and a limited human annotation. Meanwhile, I am also describing the creation of a several corpora of Czech-Russian parallel data and Russian monolingual data.
|
|
|
Characteristics of the Czech language of Russian students(with a focus on selected phonetic and morphosyntactic phenomena)
Ramasheuskaya, Katsiaryna ; Šebesta, Karel (advisor) ; Bednaříková, Božena (referee) ; Giger, Markus (referee)
Language adaptation of foreigners is always accompanied by a number of problems connected to the acquisition and the use of the language which becomes the primary communicative tool in the new environment. Ignoring and underestimating these problems typical of a particular language community can result in a failure to master the target language and consequently in the unsuccessful integration in the new society. This thesis is aimed at specific problems in the area of morphosyntax and phonetics, characteristic of Russian-speaking students of Czech. At the same time, it warns about the danger of overestimating positive transfer from Russian and emphasizes the necessity of using special didactic approach in teaching this group of foreign-language speakers. The analysis of the chosen language phenomena is based on the data from the Database of the voice recordings of spoken Czech by native speakers of Russian and the Database of language mistakes in Czech made by speakers whose native language is another Slavic language, which were created, among others, for the purpose of this thesis. The attention is specifically focused on the use of the reflexive se/si, forms of the auxiliary verb to be in the past tense, short forms of personal pronouns in spoken and written production of Russian-speaking...
|
|
|
Czech translation of Russian transgresivs in classical literature
Ponomareva, Varvara ; Ivanovová, Darina (advisor) ; Hasil, Jiří (referee)
This bachelor paper research on the possibilities of the translation of participles and transgressive turnovers from Russian to Czech language. Its aim it to determine the frequency of participles and other language resources use in transgressive Czech translations of Russian fiction; determine whether the choice of other means than the participles leads to the exact expression of the authors intentions; determine the most and least appropriate translation of Russian participles.
|
|
|
Czech Language of Native Speakers of Russian
Lehovcová, Eva ; Šebesta, Karel (advisor) ; Rosová, Anna (referee)
The diploma thesis Czech Language of Native Speakers of Russian is a study which analyses the use of the Czech language by few non-native speakers whose native language is Russian. The first theoretical section constists of introduction to the most important theories in the field of language acquisition and selected types of analyses which will be used in my own research. The second part contains specification of my goals, approaches and the description of used materials. Third, there are language biographies of my speakers and analysis of several texts (or transcripts of oral recordings) with the emphasis on the influence of speaker's L1. The analysis of data is the accuracy, complexity and fluency measuring that should test qualities of speaker's language use from various points of view. The conclusion summarizes the results of the research and verification of my hypothesis. Key words: non-native speaker, Russian, Czech as foreign language, language error, fluency, accuracy, complexity
|
|
| |
|
|
Semantic characteristics of paremias with key word "water" (an attempt at comparative analysis within Russian and Czech)
Kipchatov, Mikhail ; Kedron, Katerina (advisor) ; Rajnochová, Natalie (referee)
The bachelor thesis describes semantic specifics of the Czech and Russian paremias which include "water" as a key word. The aim of the thesis is to discover similarities and differences among paremias which incorporate the "water" component formally. The main methods displayed in the following thesis are comparative and semantic analysis. In Part 1 the main group of paremias (proverbs and sayings) problematics is described, as well as their interaction with other types of fixed expressions (phrasemes, idioms, adages etc.). Part 2 contains two classifications one of which is based on semantic properties of the "water" component; the classification includes the most typical oppositions within which the component is realised in Czech and Russian. The second classification of paremias with key word "water" is founded on the theory of semantic fields (taxa).
|
|
|
The Pied Piper of Marina Tsvetaeva: Genesis, Reception and Translations of Poems with Commentary
Zakiyanov, Oskar ; Hlaváček, Antonín (advisor)
Russian poet Marina Ivanovna Tsvetaeva (1892-1941) is one of the world's most prominent authors of the early 20th century. The Pied Piper (Ratcatcher) is the magnum opus of her work. The aim of my thesis was to literally translate the poem and provide a detailed commentary on the poem. Translation is designed for the future Slavonic Studies, but also for the wider public. The translation is a kind of proposal and could be used as the default text for a possible poetic translation of the poem into Czech. The intention of the commentary is to point out the relationships of the Tsvetaeva's Pied Piper and possible sources of inspiration of the texts of other authors or her own original works. The commentary also explains the concepts specific to the creation of Tsvetaeva and her characteristic individual poetic methods. The commentary, however, provide, nearly no interpretation. It is used only as a supplementary comment on individual parts in order to enable better understanding of the original text and the translation. The first chapters deal with the history of the poem, its genesis, and reception by critics and writers. Followed by technical notes to the translated text, where a reader would find an explanation of the peculiarities of the original text, including syntactic difficulties, which are the clues...
|
|
|
On some Czech-Russian lexical parallels
Janyšková, Ilona
The article deals with some Czech words and their parallels both in literary Russian and in Russian dialects; it also explains their etymology: Czech šutka ‘a goat without horns’ and Russian šutka ‘joke, fun’, Czech slanina ‘meat from pig that is treated with smoke and salt’ and Russian slanina ‘litter, bedding’, Czech čurání ‘urination’ and Russian čuran’je ‘screaming „čur!“’, Czech celovat and Russian celovat’ both ‘kiss’.
|
|
|
Determinanty úspěšnosti zahraničních studentů na českých vysokých školách
Do, Viet Anh ; Koblovský, Petr (advisor) ; Potužák, Pavel (referee)
This study analyzes determinants of students' success using various of perspectives (sociological, psychological, economic, cultural, organizational) in order to find out related influences. Our theoretical framework predominantly base on personal insights and experience as the author himself was able to spend a lot of time with immigrant students. This research was delimitated to baccalaureate students. The reason is that the linguistic, institutional, cultural and other effects are more distinct and might change enrollment conditions and requirements ex tunc. Our study data collection was empirically analyzed and result into varied findings. Basically, both studied immigrant students groups (Vietnamese and post-Soviet) are academically considerably weaker. This should be caused by their study limited barriers, which were theoretically assumed by an author. Therefore, this study is conceptualized to explore specific limitations.
|
|
|
Russian émigrés in Czechoslovakia between the two World Wars
Petaeva, Valeria ; Rataj, Jan (advisor) ; Martínek, Miloslav (referee)
This thesis deals with the political structure and activities of Russian émigrés in Czechoslovakia between the two World Wars. The work is divided into four chapters. The first chapter is mainly dedicated to the structure of political exile, and its reasons for emigration to Czechoslovakia. This chapter is divided into four parts, which reflects the political fragmentation of Russian emigration. The second chapter deals with the so-called "Russian action" as an example of unique massive financial aid of the Czechoslovak government for the emigrants. Also, I have emphasized the important relationship between the Czechoslovak politicians and the Russian emigration. The third chapter describes mainly ZEMGOR (Committee of Zemstvos and Cities) as a very important organization created by émigrés for émigrés and supported by the Czechoslovak government. A special sub-chapter is dedicated to relatively rich social life of exile in Czechoslovakia, mainly in Prague. The fourth section reflects the political changes, which took place in Czechoslovakia in the late twenties and thirties, which permanently influenced, among others, the Russian emigration.
|
guest ::
