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Study of Enantioseparation of Selected Substituted Binaphthyls
Loukotková, Lucie
Over the last two decades, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has become one of the most common techniques in chiral separations and has been successfully employed for determination of the optical purity of newly synthesized organic compounds. Binaphthyl derivatives have been extensively used to control many asymmetric processes and have demonstrated outstanding chiral discrimination properties, due to their unique properties derived from their rigidity and spatial arrangement. Most of 1,1'-binaphthyl molecules are C2 symmetric with two identical naphthyl units often substituted in the 2,2'-positions. Chirality of these compounds is caused by restricted rotation of atoms or groups of atoms around the single bond on the binaphthyl skeleton. Cyclodextrins (CDs) and polysaccharides are natural oligomers and polymers, respectively, their basic constituents are glucose units. CDs and polysaccharides and their derivatives have been successfully used as chiral stationary phases (CSPs) in HPLC for enantioselective separation of a wide range of structurally different compounds. Among CSPs based on polysaccharide derivatives, celulose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) ones exhibit a very good resolution capability. Besides natural polymeric chiral selectors, purely synthetic polymers can provide...
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Relation between n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and cellular sensors of energetic state
Zouhar, Petr ; Pecina, Petr (referee) ; Flachs, Pavel (advisor)
The important factor in regulation of metabolic processes is regulatory proteins, which are able to react by feed-back to energetic state of the cell. Big attention is focused on the AMP activated kinase (AMPK) and NAD+ activated deacetylase SIRT1. These enzymes interact together and their stimulation increases mitochondrial biogenesis and fatty acid oxidation. Due to this it functions beneficially against the onset of obesity, insulin resistance and ageing. Fasting, exercise and some antidiabetogenic drugs act by these regulators. n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are also known because of their stimulative effects on mitochondrial biogenesis and -oxidation. Previous work of our group have showed that intake of higher dose of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in diet lead to increase in activity of AMPK in white adipose tissue. New results presented in this thesis show that SIRT1 is essential for increase in expression of stimulators of -oxidation (PPAR etc) in response to n-3 PUFA in diet. n-3 PUFA futher improve the metabolic profile synergistically with calorie restriction probably through SIRT1.
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The eminent Korean women writers in the second half of the 20th century
Smutná, Ivana ; Ferklová, Blanka (referee) ; Löwensteinová, Miriam (advisor)
Tato bakalářská práce pod názvem: "Významné korejské spisovatelky druhé poloviny 20. století" se zabývá korejskou ženskou prózou 20. století, a to od jejích prvních výrazných představitelek, až po nejvýraznější představitelky dnešní doby. Nemůžeme použít termín "všeobecně známé", a to z důvodů dodnes silně zakotveného korejského patriarchálního systému, díky kterému není například látka týkající se žen-spisovatelek zahrnuta do školních osnov. Na vlastní kůži jsem měla možnost pocítit v korejské společnosti přetrvávající tabu a dodržování nepsaného zákoníku vztahů mezi pohlavími, což ještě umocnilo můj zájem o moderní korejskou ženskou prózu. Autorky Pak Wan-sn, Han Mu-suk, Han Mal-suk, Kang Sin-dža jsou všeobecně uznávané ve světových literárních kruzích a díky překladům jejich děl do angličtiny a jiných jazyků, popřípadě i češtiny, se s jejich dílem měla možnost seznámit široká veřejnost. Cílem mé práce je obeznámit čtenáře s okolnostmi, ve kterých se tyto ženy objevily na literárním poli, se specifiky každé z nich a s přehledem toho nejdůležitějšího, co napsaly. Vzhledem k tomu, že tato generace není v moderní korejské literatuře první, pocítila jsem potřebu zahrnout do práce ženy, které se svými neúnavnými aktivitami zasadily o uchycení pojmu "spisovatelka" na korejské literá~í scéně. K lepšímu...
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The acceptance of works of Lucas Cranach the Elder in painting of the first half of the 16th century in Bohemia
Hamsíková, Magdaléna ; Royt, Jan (advisor) ; Ottová, Michaela (referee) ; Klípa, Jan (referee)
1 Abstract The Acceptance of Works of Lucas Cranach the Elder in Painting of the First Half of the 16th Century in Bohemia The thesis focuses on the personality and works of the Renaissance painter Lucas Cranach the Elder (1472-1553) and the acceptance of his works and works of his workshop in painting in the first half of the 16th century in Bohemia. The art production in Bohemia, analogous to the 15th century, was concentrated in small centres and was mainly directed to the painting of neighbouring, mainly German speaking countries. Traces of Cranach's unmistakable aesthetics could be spotted in the Czech lands from the first decade to the almost seventh decade of the 16th century. The life of Cranach's style was so long because it was prolonged, among others, by his son Lucas Cranach the Younger (1515-1586). We can assert that no other author or his followers was so successful in such a large scale, for such a long period of time nor had customers of broad walks of life as Lucas Cranach the Elder. The reason for this was seen by earlier researchers in mass workshop production and certain "easy acquirement" of his style (Max J. Friedländer) that spread especially from the 1520's outside the borders of the Electorate of Saxony. His works were accepted firstly through his graphic masters, secondly through...
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Carcinogenesis of colorectal cancer and cancer associated with inflammatory bowel diseases: theoretical basis and its implications for clinical practice
Bortlík, Martin ; Lukáš, Milan (advisor) ; Zavoral, Miroslav (referee) ; Dítě, Petr (referee)
Colorectal cancer originates as a consequence of accumulating genetic changes and sequential conversion from normal epithelium through dysplastic, intraepithelial neoplasia. It is called an adenoma in subjects with sporadic cancer and dysplasia in those with ulcerative colitis. An inactivation of the APC gene in former and p53 gene in the later group was found to be an initial genetic event in most cases. However, in case of sporadic adenoma, some data indicate the possibility that mutation of only one APC allele occurs early at the stage of adenoma, while the loss of the second allele may occur later, at the time of adenoma to carcinoma progression. Epigenetic changes, namely hypermethylation of the gene promoter, play an important role during carcinogenesis of both sporadic and UC related types of neoplasia. Recent epidemiologic studies suggest the relative risk for UC associated colorectal cancer varies between 2-3. Besides risk factors already recognized, i.e. disease extension and duration, and coincidental primary sclerosing cholangitis, the severity of inflammation and presence of structural changes in the bowel substantially affect the risk for neoplastic conversion. Using the current technique, most dysplastic lesions in IBD patients are nowadays detectable endoscopically. Also, their endoscopic...
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Institutional arbitration procedure
Pressburgerová, Lucia ; Dobiáš, Petr (referee) ; Růžička, Květoslav (advisor)
60 INSTITUTIONAL ARBITRATION Summary As diverse the disputes arising in everyday life are, so different are the methods developed over the time to settle them, ranging from methods of alternative dispute resolution to arbitration and court proceedings. In recent years an increasing number of disputes resolved in arbitration and the fact that arbitration is being used to settle not only international and property disputes, gave rise to many studies on arbitration dealing among others with institutional arbitration. The purpose of my thesis is to analyse arbitration, concentrating on arbitration offered by arbitration institutions in contrast to ad hoc arbitration and arbitration before so called "arbitration centres", as the number of them keeps growing in the Czech Republic and in many cases they confusingly appeal to a laic person to represent a permanent arbitration institution. The thesis is divided into five chapters, each of them dealing with different aspects of arbitration. Arbitration is being defined as a legal technique for the resolution of disputes outside the courts, wherein the parties to a dispute refer it to one or more persons (the arbitrators, or arbitral tribunal), by whose decision (the award) they agree to be bound. It is a settlement technique in which a third party reviews the case...
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Hidden symmetry in classical and quantum physics
Karhan, Pavel ; Hořejší, Jiří (advisor) ; Novotný, Jiří (referee)
In the present work I study spontaneous symmetry breaking. This interesting phenomenon is an important part of the elementary particle physics and thanks to it, it is possible to generate masses of fermions and gauge bosons in the Standard Model. However, in this work I try to present a more general view and I bring up a few examples from various parts of physics, starting with classical mechanics and ending with quantum eld theory. I also study consequences of spontaneous symmetry breaking and discuss dierences in manifestations of this phenomenon in theories with nite and innite number of freedom. This work is primarily meant as a consistent survey of already known results supplemented with their sueciently detailed technical derivation in a comprehensible form.
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Physical mapping of centromeric and terminal markers of linkage groups in Xenopus tropicalis
Tůmová, Lucie ; Krylov, Vladimír (advisor) ; Nedvídek, Josef (referee)
Xenopus tropicalis belongs together with its related genus Xenopus laevis to important model organisms on the field of study of developmental processes. In comparison to well introduced models (i.e. Melanogaster, Mus etc.) for Xenopus tropicalis there is an absence of linkage and physical maps that have invaluable importance for the identification of developmentally relevant genes, including their syntheny with human. Currently, there exists provisional linkage map constructed by scientific group of Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Huston, Texas, USA. It is constituted of ten linkage groups (LG1-LG10) and six linkage clusters (A-F) composed by total of 1713 Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) polymorphic markers. The laboratory of developmental biology, Charles University in Prague, participates in completing the linkage map by physical mapping of chosen polymorphic markers on chromosomes Xenopus tropicalis, which led to allocation of each linkage group and cluster to the right chromosome and to assessment of the orientation in most of them. The physical mapping of terminal markers will show us, how far chromosomes are covered with linkage groups and which areas still remain unmapped. The cooperative laboratory from National Institute for Medical Research, London, UK, originated a list of...
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Jindřich Šimon Baar and the culture of region Chodsko
Sternová, Marie ; Matějů, Martin (referee) ; Czumalo, Vladimír (advisor)
Chodský region je bezesporu jedním z nejosobitějších regionu České republiky, který si přese všechny dějinné a politické zvraty zachoval svoji kulturněhistorickou svébytnost a jedinečnost. Stalo se tak díky specifickým geografickým podmínkám a jistým zvláštním aspektům povahy chodského obyvatelstva. Neméně důležitou a podle mého názoru klíčovou funkci pro upevňování a rozvíjení identity a vztahu k vlastnímu regionu má ovšem postava místního duchovního vůdce, člověka, který představuje zosobnění hodnot a idejí dané lokální společnosti. V chodském regionu je takovouto osobností spisovatel a sběratel folklóru Jindřich Šimon Baar. Cílem této diplomové práce je zpracovat kulturologickou syntézu, která bude spojením monografie Jindřicha Šimona Baara a interpretace empirického šetření v chodském regionu. V teoretické části práce se věnuji životu a dílu této významné lokální osobnosti v kontextu kulturněhistorického vývoje chodského regionu, zvláštní pozornost je také věnována fenoménu chodského folklóru a jeho otiskům v každodenním kulturním životě obyvatel. Aplikační část diplomové práce pak tvoří empirické šetření v regionu, které zkoumá životnost Baarova odkazu a prožívání lokální identity obyvatel Chodska. Šetření je doplněno srovnávacím výzkumem provedeným mimo region, který má ukázat předpokládané rozdíly ve...
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Cestovní ruch jako faktor rozvoje Tachova
Kramulová, Jana ; Macháček, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Feurichová, Šárka (referee)
Diplomová práce zkoumá, zda cestovní ruch hraje významnou roli v rozvoji města Tachova a jeho okolí. Zabývá se potenciálem území a jeho propagací. Porovnává cíle, vytčené v koncepčních dokumentech, s realitou a investicemi, které město a region realizuje. Práce také popisuje možnosti spolupráce města s jinými subjekty a díky partnerství s nimi možnosti rozšíření nabídky pro turisty.
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