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Combinatorial algorithms for online problems: Semi-online scheduling on related machines
Ebenlendr, Tomáš ; Sgall, Jiří (advisor) ; Barták, Roman (referee) ; Epstein, Leah (referee) ; Woeginger, Gerhard (referee)
Mgr. Tomáš Ebenlendr Combinatorial algorithms for online problems: Semi-online scheduling on related machines Abstract of doctoral thesis We construct a framework that gives optimal algorithms for a whole class of scheduling problems. This class covers the most studied semi-online variants of preemptive online scheduling on uniformly related machines with the objective to minimize makespan. The algorithms from our framework are deterministic, yet they are optimal even among all randomized algorithms. In addition, they are optimal for any fixed combination of speeds of the machines, and thus our results subsume all the previous work on various special cases. We provide new lower bound of 2.112 for the original online problem. The (deterministic) upper bound is e ≈ 2.718 as there was known e-competitive randomized algorithm before. Our framework applies to all semi-online variants which are based on some knowledge about the input sequence. I.e., they are restrictions of the set of valid inputs. We use our framework to study restrictions that were studied before, and we derive some new bounds. Namely we study known sum of processing times, known maximal processing time, sorted (decreasing) jobs, tightly grouped processing times, approximately known optimal makespan and few combinations. Based on the analysis...
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Measurement of the aversion towards risk through the use of the game „Ber nebo neber“
Krkošková, Magdalena ; Potužák, Pavel (advisor) ; Janíčko, Martin (referee)
I explore the decision-making process of the contestats of the TV game show "Deal or no deal" in Czech version "Ber nebo neber". This decision-making process does not require any further skills or knowledge and it is based on the large stakes and deal or no deal decisions by accepting or rejecting possibility of continuing in the game. Based on the panel data set gathered from real played games, it is possible to determine the risk averse or risk seeking attitude of the contestants. The data set contains 28 episodes, 23 obtained directly from TV Prima and 5 of them from private sources, both between years 2007 and 2008. I assume the contestants under myopic and hyperopic framing and I find the average Arrow-Pratt coefficient of relative risk aversion (RRA). I consider different wealth levels and generally the RRA is lower for hyperopic framing. The differences in RRA may be most explained by the prior losses variable, which pictures the previous duration of the contestant's game.
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Society Response on Juvenile Criminal
TESAŘOVÁ, Martina
Criminal behaviour among youths is spread so widely, that almost every youth has committed one criminal aktivity at least. The top of the criminal activities of youth committers came in the half nineties. Since that time, there have been noticed new trends in youth{\crq}s criminality development. The average age of committers decreases, the brutality of crime increases and there came out new kinds of crime (children prostitution, drug criminality). In the last time it is more often discussed lowering the age limit of penal responsibility. It would be since 14 years. A new penal legislative could be authorized at the break of this and next year. This diploma work aims to chart the society{\crq}s attitude towards criminal activity of youths in chosen areas of south bohemian region. Individual points of this work are orientated towards the attitudes to the age limit of penal responsibility, to the current legislative reform in punishable activities of youths; to risky factors which cause arise of criminal behaviour. The first hypothesis was set up on the thought, that the risky factor which has an effect on arising the criminal behaviour of youths is preferred by the public in consistence in parents bringing up to school setting. Hypothesis I. was confirmed. Hypothesis one claimed that the laic public is not partisan of setting op cameras at schools. This hypothesis was disapproved. Hypothesis II. assumed that positive laic public{\crq}s attitude are for lowering the age limit of penal responsibility. This hypothesis was confirmed. Before the research, there had come out a hypothesis III. which assumes professionals positive attitude towards lowering the age limit of penal responsibility. There was pursued a research with some professionals work in a field of penal affairs of youths. There was made a half standardized interview. In the second part was done a quatitative research. That research was realized on the selective set which had 210 respondents. Some inhabitants of České Budějovice and Český Krumlov regions took part in this research. The main implement used in this research was a semantic diferencial. This diploma work should help to spread awareness and knowledge of the crime problematic of youths. Next usage could be used by professionals who are interestend in attitudes towards this problematic.
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Case study of physiotherapy treatment of a patient with posttraumatic paresis n. peroneus communis dx.
Havlíčková, Andrea ; Novotná, Irena (advisor) ; Kozáková, Alena (referee)
Title: Case study of physiotherapy treatment of patient with the posttraumatic paresis n. peroneus communis dx. Objectives: Gain of theoretical knowledge about peripheral paresis, especially peripheral paresis n. peroneus communis dx. Subsequent case study formulation of patient with selected diagnosis made during coherent scholarly practice. Methods: The theoretical part of this bachelor thesis contains theoretical knowledge about anatomy of peripheral nervous system of the lower extremities, the clinical image of the peripheral paresis ane the treatment with sequential therapy. Results: Increase of muscle strenght in weakened muscels, improvement of movement range, elimination of reflective changes and restoration of joint play. Conclusion: Indikation of physiotherapy is very important in the treatment of peripheral paresis. Keywords: peripheral paresis, n.peroneus, physiotherapy
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Management of the fund of alternative assets
Sobotka, Jan ; Radová, Jarmila (advisor) ; Fičura, Milan (referee)
This thesis deals with the management of the fund of alternative investments with an emphasis on photovoltaic projects in the Czech Republic. The main objective is to evaluate whether, after numerous legislative changes, these projects continue to be an attractive investment alternative. The impact of legislative changes on the economy and efficiency of the projects were analyzed for fictitious projects using static and dynamic methods of investment evaluation. The analysis showed that if there was knowledge of the additional cost burden resulting from changes in legislation, then none of the evaluated projects would have been implemented. In general, changes have had the most significant impact on projects that initially appeared to be most effective. In terms of size, restrictions affected mainly smaller projects. Overall, there was a relative alignment of return. For projects with higher levels of debt, an additional cost burden could be liquidational. Then the portfolio of alternative investment fund was created, which consists of assets of two alternative projects evaluated before. This led to evaluation, whether, despite charged fees but a lower tax rate, the investment through the fund is more favorable compared to an own special purpose company. Due to the small size of the fund the hypothesis of fund being more effective mean of administration, was not confirmed.
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Contribution to the studies of Bohemian mesolithic: example of catastral territory of Upper and Lower Sloupnice
Čuláková, Katarína ; Popelka, Miroslav (advisor) ; Šída, Petr (referee)
This work is concerned with processing of lithic collection, which was found during a surface survey in the Sloupnice region. First, the thesis describes the methods used therein, second comes a description of the contemporary natural surroundings of the site and third, a summary of principal knowledge about Czech mesolith is provided. This sets the context for analysis of the collection itself. The goal of this work is, first of all, to analyse the lithic collection, which originally counted approximately 10 000 pieces. The portion of the work that describes the collection, the most numerous concentrations are characterised, with regards to their position in the landscape and the number of pieces found. Chipped stone is classified into a number of categories, based on the technology of its production. A detailed classification of retouched pieces and nucleus is also given. The analysis of the raw materials and other characteristics (presence of bark, overburning of pieces, patination and obvious aeolian effects are noted) follows. Finally, the collection is compared to other collections, particularly with the collection from Sopotnice. The work closes with a reflection about the contribution of collections like the one studied to our knowledge about life of the past populations and their contribution to...
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Genesis and distribution of clastic bands in the Main Coal of the Most Basin
Novotný, Tomáš ; Opluštil, Stanislav (advisor) ; Martínek, Karel (referee)
The thesis summarizes contemporary state of knowledge of genesis and distrubution of clastic bands in the Main Coal of the Most Basin. In the first part of the thesis I provide a classification and description of clastic bands including volcanoclastic and sedimentary bands. Following is the description of geology and stratigraphy of the Most Basin, and especially of the Main Coal, which contains many clastic bands. The thesis is focused mainly on the Bílina area, because the most of geologic research has been taken there.The main aim of the thesis is to distinguish various kinds of clastic bands in the Main Coal of the Most Basin, especially from genetic point of view. There are two kinds of sedimentary clastic bands. Predominant type of clastic bands in the western part of the Most basin are clastic bands related to fluvial processes of the Žatec delta. In the eastern part of the Most Basin (e.g. Bílina open-cast mine) we can distinguish two types of clastic bands. Clastic bands bounded to fluvial systems are settled in the lower and middle bench of the Main Coal. Predominating type in the upper bench are clastic bands formed during the late lake highstand when the Bílina delta started to prograde into the mire. Clastic bands in the upper bench of the Main Coal thus pass to the prodeltaic clastics...
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Iron fertilization of the Southern ocean
Přibylová, Petra ; Koblížek, Michal (advisor) ; Nedbalová, Linda (referee)
This thesis summarizes the current knowledge of the effect of iron on the growth of plankton in relation to lowering the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere. Iron is a limiting factor for phytoplankton growth in large parts of the Pacific Ocean and the Southern Ocean. This thesis is focused on the Southern ocean, where it chronologically describes natural and artificial experiments, where the objective was to uncover the possibilities of artificial iron fertilization of the ocean. The iron fertilization experiments were based on supplying the upper layer of the ocean with an iron solution, which resulted in an increase in phytoplankton growth and chlorophyll concentration. The reaction of plankton to a natural iron input via upwelling was also observed. In these cases an increase of phytoplankton and chlorophyll was observed. Nowadays, the lively discussed possibility of large-scale fertilization is restricted by the United Nations due to insufficient knowledge and concerns of geoengineering.
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Frequentist and Bayesian inference
Shykhmanter, Dmytro ; Vilikus, Ondřej (advisor) ; Hebák, Petr (referee)
The thesis provides both theoretical and practical comparison of frequentist and Bayesian methods of statistical inference. Comparing of these two concepts begins with describing the philosophy of probability theory. Also is introduced the problem of determinism as well as three main probability interpretations. Statistical inference is a process of making general conclusions based on a given evidence. The frequentist statistics uses the observed data as an only evidence for its conclusions, while the Bayesian one is based on an idea that the subjective degree of belief can be also used for these purposes. Why should one disregard to his experience, knowledge or even intuition? Often happens that results of statistical data analysis are useless in sense that they come out not as it is expected. This situation is illustrated when there are a number of ski resorts which are graded on five star scale. If we look to the top ten, we will find that some of those should not belong there, though the data says they do. Generally the top positions are occupied by the objects with fewer reviews, while those with more reviews get lower average score. Bayesian data analysis methods enable to eliminate this kind of problem. Based on a prior information about the whole data set, every ski resort would get a fair score and as the result, the model would better represent the quality of the each resort based on the respondents' reviews.
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Application of lexical strategies in learning German as L3
LAŠTOVKA, Ondřej
The diploma thesis ?Application of lexical strategies in learning German language as a second language? deals with the processes of acquiring vocabulary and lexical strategies, which pupils should use while learning German as a further foreign language after English. The theoretical part focuses on the description of semantization and the characteristics of lexical strategies in terms of tertiary language. On the basis of tertiary didactics are presented and analyzed criteria for vocabulary selection. In the practical part two sets of textbooks used at Czech schools were analyzed. ?Spaß mit Max 1? and ?Planet 1 - Deutsch für Jugendliche? were analyzed in terms of vocabulary selection, its presentation and practice, and explicit presented lexical strategies. Finally, there were elaborated such methods which helps pupils at lower secondary schools to acquire vocabulary in German on the basis of their knowledge and skills acquired by learning English.
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