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Care of a patient with schizophrenia from the nurse´s and family member´s point of view
LAIEROVÁ, Kateřina
The bachelor's thesis was divide into two parts, theoretical and empirical. It was deal with characteristic of schizophrenia, patient's life with schizophrenia, schizophrenia's care and education of patient with schizophrenia in theoretical part of thesis. The aim of the was to identify and describe the aspects of the care for patients with schizophrenia as perceived by both patients' family members and nurses, and to identify and describe the impact of the disease on the life of the patient from the point of view of his family members. The research part of the thesis uses the qualitative research strategy, the questioning method, the semi-structured interviews data collection based on interviews conducted in a selected home with a special regime and with nurses working at the acute psychiatric ward in a general hospital, and the second part of interviews were conducted with family members of a patient with schizophrenia. The research sample consisted of three nurses working in an acute psychiatric department of a general hospital, four nurses working in a home with special regime and five patient' family members. Nurses from both acute and long-term care consider ensuring proper delivery of medication, individual approach to patients, and gaining their trust to be crucial factors of care.
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Evolution of nursing care of mentally ill patients: comparison Czech republic - Finland.
FILIPOVÁ, Eva
This bachelor thesis is focused on the history of nursing care for the mentally ill in the Czech Republic and Finland. It is written chronologically from ancient history to the present time. The whole thesis summarizes the development of nursing for the mentally ill, the system of care and education for nurses in psychiatry in the Czech Republic and Finland. The aim is to describe the development of nursing care for patients with mental disorders. The work deals with the system of mental health care and education for nursing staff in these countries. This thesis is theoretical. It was necessary to visit the Prague City Archives and the National Archives to obtain historical sources. Other important sources used in this thesis were professional literature, literature dealing with the issue in the present and historical books. In past, people thought that mental disorders are natural phenomena. In ancient times, the temples were established for mentally ill people. During that time, Greek physician and philosopher Hippocrates had great significance. In the Middle Ages, people with mental disorders were considered to be possessed by evil spirits, so treatment was mainly in isolation. In modern period, the first insane asylums were built. In the twentieth century psychiatry was influenced by Sigmund Freud with his theory about the origin of mental illness. The turning point of this time was also in the use of shock therapy and psychopharmacological discovery. Psychiatry deals with the development and strengthening of mental health and its prevention. The Czech Republic has a system of interconnected services in psychiatry, such as psychiatric clinic, clinical-psychological clinic, inpatient facilities and community care. Psychiatry in our country is under-funded, care is unsatisfactory and development is delayed compared to other countries of the European Union. Strategy for the reform of mental health care in our country has a goal to increase the quality of life of people with mental disorders. The current state is that outpatient psychiatrists are overloaded, and there is materially and technically outdated equipment in psychiatric hospitals. Our psychiatric care has much more institutional position, because it failed to systematically develop community psychiatry. But perspective is quite dense network of psychiatric and clinical-psychological clinics, which could help in moving the focus of care from inpatient facility into the natural environment of the client. The reform will also try to improve the education of nurses in psychiatry. According to Czech legislation, there is not a condition to be specialized in nurses working in psychiatry. Nurses, in the best possibility, should have university education that enables students to acquire the necessary knowledge for the profession. Even competencies are determined. Finland has a health care system based on taxes. Important medical centres provide prevention, medical examinations and screenings. Specialized care is provided in hospitals. Formerly more institutional care dominated, however today outpatient and community services greatly extended their service. Psychiatric hospitals were abolished, leaving only the psychiatric departments of general hospitals. Nursing education in Finland is carried out at the Universities of Applied Sciences. The nurse's role is health promotion, disease prevention and rehabilitation. The nurse in Finland is independent and responsible for the decisions made during the day which also supports the Code of Ethics for Nurses which is the last chapter of this thesis. The aim of the thesis is to map the development of nursing care for patients with mental disorders. One of the major findings is a significant evolution of psychiatry, when, at any time, psychiatry was viewed from different perspective. The work may serve as study material for students in medical fields, for professionals or for anyone interested in the history of psychiatry nursing.
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The issue of mental health in the population of the Czech Republic
ONDRÁČKOVÁ, Silvie
The aim of the thesis in the theoretical section was to describe the mental health problems in the Czech Republic. The main goal of the research work was to draw attention to these problems and to explore the psychiatric treatment from the outpatients' perspective. Mental health is a vast topic which I elaborated using many relevant sources mentioned in analytical, statistical and other materials as well as the official Czech and international documents. The findings show that in spite of undisputable pluses of the Czech system, the accessibility of the psychiatric care is unsatisfactory and the promotion of the mental health services has been seriously neglected and delayed in the Czech Republic compared with most EU countries. A fundamental positive change has been expected with the implementation of two key agendas - the Psychiatric Care Reform Strategy and the Mental Health Action Plan. For the thesis an original, non-standardized written questionnaire was used to evaluate depressed and anxious patients' point of view of their treatment. The quantitative research was later evaluated using statistical methods. The quantitative research was evaluated with the SPSS statistical software. Hypotheses were tested using the chi-square. The results suggest that the fear of stigmatisation by psychiatric care as well as the time to a psychiatrist visit are influenced by diagnosis and specific health problems. The results also suggest that the personality type and family milieu are more important than socio-demographic factors. Gender differences do not influence the compliance either. The complex outcomes of the patients' attitude research can be later used in designing better mental health care.
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