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Macrophages and nitric oxide in leishmania - sandfly - host interactions
Kratochvílová, Tereza ; Kolářová, Iva (advisor) ; Fialová, Anna (referee)
Leishmania reside fagolysosome of macrophages immediately after their entry to host where they multiply and consequently infect other macrophages or eventually other cells. A synthesis of a reactive reactant of oxygen and nitrogen is one of the mechanisms that some mammal cells are equipped with and that also contributes to eradication of leishmania. Nitric oxide rising during a metabolic change of L-arginine under the catalysis of NO synthase is of a large importance. Beyond cytotoxic function, nitric oxide is involved in signalling pathways for a neurotransmission (nNOS) and vasorelaxation (eNOS). Not all types of macrophages have ability to produce NO (iNOS). It is a heterogeneous group differing in immunological function and also in physiology. A group of classical activated macrophages represents an effective APC capable of efficient killing of intracellular pathogens. In addition to NO, they also secrete an inflammatory cytokines, which evolve an immune reaction towards to Th1. Contrary to this, a group of alternative activated macrophages is not capable of any efficient antigen presentation and nitric oxide production but produces L-ornithine, which is a precursor of polyamines, which leishmania utilizes for its own intracellular growth. For the mouse model, status of resistance and/or...
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Alternative fuels for SI engines
Balažovič, Lukáš ; Ušiak, Michal (referee) ; Štětina, Josef (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the topic of alternative fuels for petrol engines. The first is a brief introduction to the issue of petrol engines, followed by a description of each alternative fuel. The thesis summarizes the most important information and comparison of alternatives with conventional gasoline is made. Each fuel is evaluated in terms of advantages, disadvantages, and position on the market.
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Gaseous fuels for SI engines
Přibyl, Zdeněk ; Czakó, Alexander (referee) ; Štětina, Josef (advisor)
In this bachelor thesis is processed a survey of alternative gaseous fuels for spark-ignition combustion engines. The properties and production, the most important components, infrastructure of service station of specific fuel are stated for these fuels. There are defined the advantages and disadvantages of each fuel. The comparison of CNG and diesel is made. The use of alternative gaseous in the future is outlined at the end of this bachelor thesis.
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Ekonomické aspekty provozu vozidel na alternativní pohony
Vajdík, Radek
The bachelor thesis follows up an analysis of particular alternative propulsion systems together with their economic evaluation from the point of everyday usage. Included there are the basic propulsion systems, which are simultaneously the most used types of systems. The thesis focuses primarily on the economic point of view of purchase and usage of cars with such propulsion systems. Secondarily, the thesis focuses on the com-parison of individual propulsion systems, and on the confrontation with the traditional ones. The conclusion of the thesis should provide an answer to a question: is it worth to invest to a vehicle with an alternative propulsion system?
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Rozvoj alternativních pohonů a paliv osobních automobilů ve světě a ČR
Pukl, Zdeněk
The bachelor thesis is focused on alternative drives and fuels in automobiles. The first part of the thesis contains theoretical distribution of alternative fuels and drives focusing on fuels made from biomass. Further the work is focused on construction of modifed vehicles with combustion engines, construction of hybrid cars and electric vehicles. The last part of the thesis is a technical, economical and legislative comparison.
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Hodnocení paliv pro spalovací motory ve vztahu k životnímu prostředí
Vančatová, Šárka
The name of this diploma thesis is „Evaluation of combustion engine fuel and its influence on the environment”. At the beginning there is a brief history of fuels. After that there is a chapter which divides fuels according to their state thus they are separate to three main types (solid state, gaseous state and liquid state). There are described main characteristics in the next part of this thesis which are heat of combustion, bulk density, dosage, volatility, resistance to detonation burning and mainly octane and cetane number. There are described currently used fuels for combustion engines right after the characteristic of fuels. These fuels are divided to fuels made of petroleum (gasoline, diesel, and LPG), fuels made of natural gas (CNG, and LNG), biofuels (bioethanol, biomethanol, vegetable oils – FAME and synthetic diesel fuel) and there is also an independent group of hydrogen. Thereafter are described European emission standards. The practical part of the thesis is focused on an analysis of previously mentioned fuels and there is a biggest focus on production of carbon dioxide. Other emissions are evaluated as well such as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and NOx gases. The analysis is done on classical fuels like gasoline and diesel and also on alternative fuels such as CNG, LPG, E85, FAME and hydrogen. In the end there are tables and graphs which contains production of flue gases.
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Alternativní pohony silničních vozidel
Procházka, Jan
Submitted bachelor thesis compares available alternative drives in motor vehicles. The first part is focused on conventional and alternative drives. Next part analyses the conception of cars which use gaseous fuels like LPG or CNG. In addition, conceptions of electric and hybrid drives are introduced. Finally, technical and economic parameters are discussed using tables and graphical data. In the summary, the evaluation of available drive sis presented and choice the most appropriate available drives when is used aspects like economics, ecology and high technology.
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Temperature and gas leak sensor for caravan
Indrák, Dominik ; Urbanec, Tomáš (referee) ; Frýza, Tomáš (advisor)
This work deal with develop, manufacture and programming of device (choice suitable components, design and manufacture of printed circuit board, write controlling firmware for MCU), which will measure dangerous gases LPG, temperature and humidity in caravans for the company Cutter Systems spol. s.r.o. The radio frequency 863-870 MHz, eventually asynchronous communication UART is used for communication and sending measurement data. In the next section will be describe the develop of the hardware with a device enclosure and firmware writing.
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Vliv paliva na parametry spalovacího motoru
Bajer, Šimon
At the beginning the theoretical part of the diploma thesis deals with a characteristic of fuels for ignition engines, namely to automotive petrol and a mixture of liquid petroleum gases (LPG). The next part is focused on a description of conversions of individual elements which are necessary for cars which operate on alternative fuel. As well the attention is paid to the production of emissions of exhaust fumes of these engines, to individual components of unwanted emissions, their formation and effect to people and the environment. The own thesis introduces a proper measurement of Subaru Forester car, converted into the two fuel car which is possible to work both on petrol and LPG. Operational parameters for particular fuels were observed on the tested car.
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Problematika využití alternativních pohonů automobilů
Skřivánek, Jakub
Thesis is focused on the issue of the use of alternative drives cars. The thesis is divided into three parts. The first part discusses the current state of alternative propulsion cars. The second part is the description and analysis of selected types of propulsion. Final part deals with the overall ranking of alternative propulsion, their advantages and disadvantages when used in automobiles.
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