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Effect of climate on germination and selection of different genotypes
Duongová, Thuy Lien ; Münzbergová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Dostál, Petr (referee)
Understanding the response of species to climate change and their ability to adapt is the key to describe the future development of plant communities. The aim of the study is to determinate intraspecific variability in germination of Festuca rubra from different original climates in response to novel climatic regimes. This study also observes if different climatic regimes lead to selection of different genotypes. Festuca rubra is a widespread clonal grass occurring in the Northern hemisphere. The plant material comes from 11 localities distributed along a climatic grid of factorially crossed temperature and precipitation situated in western Norway. The project was carried out in growth chambers, where the germination of seeds was monitored in two different temperature conditions and in two moisture treatments. Germinated seeds were planted into pots remaining in the same treatment where they germinated. Seedlings from one Petri dish grew together in one pot. One population, from the coldest and the driest original locality, growing in the warm-wet and cold-wet treatments was genetically analysed using microsatellites. Germination of the species was higher and faster in warm than in cold conditions, showing that germination of the species is enhanced by higher temperature. Germination was higher in...
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Recognition quality of atmospere in towns and in areas with big resource of polluted air.
HRDÝ, Vojtěch
In this thesis, my objective was to determine the amount of air pollutants in cities of Ostrava and Ceske Budejovice and compare the differences of their content in the atmosphere of these locations. The theoretical part deals with the types of pollutants that occur in the atmosphere, their origin, characteristics and their possible toxic effects on the human body and the environment. Furthermore, there is an overview of the methods used for assessing air quality, prevention of air pollution and reducing the level of pollution, so as to reduce risks to human health caused by air pollution, to reduce the environmental burden substance reaching into the air and damaging ecosystems and create conditions for the recovery of components environmental affected by air pollution. To assess the air quality in both locations, I used the method of "secondary data analysis" of publicly available data published by the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute. From these data, I created graphs that compare the air quality in Ostrava in the Ceske Budejovice in the period 15. 8. 2016 - 15. 3. 2017 in all measured categories. For completeness, the work embedded graphs comparing the two cities on the 15th day of the month within a single pollutant. From the results it is evident that these two cities are in many ways similar. The assumption that the city of Ostrava is still a city with the worst air is no longer current.
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The carbon footprint of households in South Bohemia
VOŠTOVÁ, Marie
The thesis deals with carbon footprint of households in South Bohemia, namely greenhouse gas emissions associated with the ordinary activities of each of us. The main objective of this thesis is to calculate the carbon footprint of households in the South Bohemia Region. The partial aim is then to assess which of the monitored components has the largest share of the total carbon footprint. These components are heating, electricity, cars, public transport, flying and food. Another partial objective is to compare the results in sociodemographic groups, which are residence, gender, education, age and income per person. The theoretical part explains the concepts such as global warming, sustainable development, ecological footprint, carbon footprint, and three already realized research on carbon footprint. The practical part describes the data acquisition, GILDED project, which was the inspiration for this thesis and method for calculating the carbon footprint. The main part consists of evaluating the calculated results, not overall carbon footprint, but also comparisons within categories of residence, gender, education, age, and income per person. The thesis finishes with the summary, which summarizes the most important results.
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Rational Irrationality in the USA
Kleňha, Jan ; Kozák, Kryštof (advisor) ; Calda, Miloš (referee)
In this thesis, the theory of rational irrationality is used to explore the incentives behind seemingly irrational beliefs held by a large part of the contemporary American society towards anthropogenic climate change. Applying causal analysis, three questions are answered: "is it rationally irrational for people to be indifferent towards climate change?" "Are Americans inherently more likely than others to hold irrational beliefs about global issues such as climate change?" If so, "is this phenomenon rooted in certain values that constitute the American identity?" The author focuses on specific "American values" and uses statistics and recent empirical studies to find correlations and causality between those values and the exhibited behavior of individuals, while discussing its possible causes and implications. The study concludes that the root cause of irresponsibility of the American citizen towards climate change is a lack of social mechanisms rewarding individuals for holding epistemologically accurate beliefs. The author then proposes a set of general measures to be prioritized in order to improve social reward mechanisms in the American society. If implemented, those measures should be able to effectively enforce epistemic rationality in the U.S. political debate, which is desirable...
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Legal Protection of the Earth's Climate
Vaverka, David ; Snopková, Tereza (advisor) ; Franková, Martina (referee)
In accordance with its title, this Thesis Aims to Analyse Legal Aspects of Climate protection. Therefore its structure comprises of Five major sections dedicated to offer substantial amounts of information on the topic of Climate Change and its Protection. The first section describes the Issue of Climate Change, the History of its Protection as well as necessary measures and certain difficulties to achieve a consensus usually occurring during international negotiations. The second, third, and forth sections address Legal Climate Protection at International, European Union, and National Levels. Finally, the closing fifth section not only summarizes all that has been stated in previous sections but also evaluates Efficiency of actions taken at the three levels mentioned. Furthermore, the last section suggests where the major efforts should be focused on in the forthcoming years. All in all, the main objective of all the sections introduced is to Highlight the Urgent Need for Effective and Coordinated Action taken by the Whole International Community based on Conscious and Mindful Doings of each and every Individual. This requirement is the very crucial precondition in order to keep the global rising temperature below 2 degrees celsius by the end of the 21st Century so that potential negative and...
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Effect of climate variation on species germination
Duongová, Thuy Lien ; Münzbergová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Kladivová, Anna (referee)
Climatic changes have been influencing plants since their colonization of land. Plants always find a way to adapt to these new changes. Also germination of seeds and seedling recruitment have been adapting to climate change. During the last 150 years the current global warming is changing the germinalibity of seeds, the timing of germination, the rate of germination and the seedling recruitment. This bachelor thesis summarizes results of studies on how climate change effects the germination of plants and the seedling recruitment. This work also presents methods used for studying these questions. Studies often focus on germinalibity, the rate of germination and the timing of germination. Some of the species are profiting from these changes and we can observe faster germination and better germinalibity. Reduction of germination occurs in other species and so their fitness is also reduced. The number of studies observing inter-specific variability in germination is greater than studies on intra-specific variability. In my future work I would thus like to focus on the effect of climate change on intra-specific variability in germination. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Representation of the problem of climate change in the print media
Trunečková, Daniela ; Novák, Arnošt (advisor) ; Hájek, Roman (referee)
This diploma thesis on Representation of the problem of climate change in the print media is a content analysis of Czech quality daily newspapers, namely Hospodářské noviny, Lidové noviny, Mladá fronta DNES and Právo. It deals with the way the selected daily newspapers presented debate on global climate change in 2013-2014. The theoretical part informs readers about the basic concepts and definitions and introduces them to the problem. The empirical part answers the question of whether the media coverage of global climate change in Czech quality daily newspapers is consistent with scientific findings of the international climate discourse represented by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) or whether it relies equally on opinions of the small group of so called climate skeptics who question the general consensus of the scientific comunity regarding the causes and consequences of climate change or the need of adequate measures. The results of research indicated that most of analyzed articles informed about climate change the same way as the main climatological research. The largest number of skeptical articles appeared in Lidové noviny. A considerable number of articles didn't comment on the causes of climate change, their seriousness or decisions regarding action.
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Success Factors and Barriers for Climate Protection Projects in the Selected Czech Cities
Hejralová, Eva ; Rynda, Ivan (advisor) ; Sutlovičová, Klára (referee)
Cities are important actors in global climate protection. Almost 80% of global CO2 emissions are produced in urban areas. At the same time cities are in a good position to bring out innovative solutions. Local initiatives in the Czech Republic often take an implicit form: they don't aim directly at reducing greenhouse gas emissions. This paper analyses nine projects in the building sector, which have been implemented by Czech cities. It looks for factors that have contributed to the initiation of studied projects and facilitated or inhibited its implementation. Factors have been gathered throughout semi-structured interviews. The research have revealed two relevant barriers and twelve success factors, which have been classified according to the thematic categories: "Economics," "Livability," "Politics," "Institutions," and "Information." Most of them concern the category "Information," while none of them concerns the category "Livability." The research outcomes can serve as an inspiration for other cities and also for actors shaping conditions for local climate protection, in particular NGOs and central government.
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Development of the Carbon Footprint of the Czech Republic since 1989
POJMANOVÁ, Lucie
The thesis is focused on the development of the carbon footprint in the Czech Republic. The object is to determine the causes referring to the changes in greenhouse gas emissions. The comparison of the dynamic of greenhouse gases with the changes in indicators such as gross domestic product, legislation, economics and technology are researched. I compared the development of two indicators - the growth of the carbon footprint and the growth of GDP. Correlation analysis was done and it has been shown that there is a decoupling of economic growth from negative environmental impacts. Then I examined the changes in policy after 1989, which had an impact on this issue. Another important aspect was the entry into the European Union, which brought many changes and important legislation in the environmental field.
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Genetically modified plants for future of globally warmed planet
Nedělová, Jana ; Opatrný, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Nátr, Lubomír (referee)
Many problems which have an adverse impact on crops, come into the agriculture with global warming the planet and thus changes in regional temperature and humidity regimes. These problems will be significant especially in developing countries that are already interfered by drought and threatened by famine. Therefore major target is developing of plants resistant to these climatic changes. Only the very classical breeding doesn't clearly sufficient for these tasks. However, genetic engineering could contribute significantly by genetically modified (GM) plants. This modern breeding-cultivation technology has several advantages in comparison with traditional breeding. One of them is for example targeted and well-controlled change in genotype, which allows obtaining plants with specific desired properties.
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