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2Adherence to Osteoporosis Treatment
Vytřísalová, Magda ; Vlček, Jiří (advisor) ; Horák, Pavel (referee) ; Macek, Karel (referee)
Literature search Introduction: Osteoporosis (OP) is an important non-communicable disease, the incidence of which is increasing. It is a systemic metabolic skeletal disease characterized by reduced bone mass and changes in bone tissue quality. These disorders increase the risk of fracture and consequently have a considerable impact on public health. OP affects primarily postmenopausal women, but has recently become a great concern in men as well. Among the most important preventive (and non-drug therapeutic) interventions are a diverse diet high in calcium, adequate physical activity, avoidance of exposure to toxic substances and fall prevention. Multiple therapeutic strategies are used in attempts to restore balance between the bone resorption and the bone formation. A first-line intervention is calcium and vitamin D supplementation. Specific drug therapies (anti-osteoporosis drugs) are classified according to the predominant mechanism of action into anticatabolic or antiresorptive drugs (bisphosponates, raloxifene, calcitonin) and formation stimulating, anabolic drugs (parathormones), and drugs with a dual mechanism of action (strontium-ranelate). The current treatment strategies reduce the risk of fracture by about half and have proved cost effective. As in other chronic asymptomatic diseases,...
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Use and effects of distance electrotherapy apparatus VAS-07 in rheumatic diseases treatment
Brožková, Tereza ; Špunda, Miloslav (referee) ; Beneš, Jiří (advisor)
Aim of this thesis is about effects of distance electrotherapy apparatus VAS-07 in rheumatic diseases treatment. Dissertation target the specific group of people with rheumatic diseases and research into effect this apparatus during therapy and interpret results with that. Aim of this thesis is detect effectivenes of this apparatus for therapy and patients behaviour during the therapy. The results will be statistical evaluated by confidence interval and Students pair t-test There will be case report of patient with rheumatic diseases in this thesis, that demonstrates the effects of this apparatus.
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Changes in mental state experienced by patients with diabetes along therapy
Hackerová, Petra ; Šivicová, Gabriela (referee) ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (advisor)
The thesis is focused on the problematic of quality of life, depression, eating behaviour and cognitive representations of illness among people with type 2 diabetes. It stems from literature and information about problematic. In the theoretical part, the overview about diabetes mellitus, its symptoms, types, complications, and treatment is outlines. Next topics of this part are quality of life of people with diabetes, especially with type 2 diabetes, depression in people with diabetes and cognitive representations of illness. The empirical part is concentrated on the examination of degree of depresivity, quality of life, eating habits and illness perceptions among people with type 2 diabetes. It compares these variables before and after large intervention program, which is aimed at weight-loss and better metabolic control. And it compares them in relationship to gender and to type of diet.
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Post-penitentiary treatment and the prevention of recidivism
Stiborová, Hana ; Gřivna, Tomáš (advisor) ; Herczeg, Jiří (referee)
POSTPENITENCIARY CARE AND PREVENTION OF RECIDIVISM The purpose of my thesis is to analyse current form of postpenitenciary care in Czech Republic and to think about recidivism and the way how to prevent it. The reason for my research dissertation is to show that every one of us have to get the second chance despite of our life mistakes. The thesis is composed of eight chapters. Chapter One is introductory and defines basic questions which are solved in following parts of the paper. Second Chapter concentrates on the problem of recidivism. The chapter is subdivided into six parts which are focused on different points of recidivism (concept, causes and prevention of recidivism). Part three is subdivided into five subparts. It examines alternatives to the criminal punishment of imprisonment in Czech Republic. Chapter Four concentrates on the criminal punishment of imprisonment and the penitenciary care. It describes Prison service, education or employment of prisoners. Chapter Five deals with history of the postpenitenciary care in the world and in the Czech Republic. Part Six focuses on the postpenitenciary care in the Czech Republic. Firstly, there is a section about social services in our country which assist in the process of the resocialization of people released from prison. Next subpart describes the...
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The metabolism of anthelmintics for helminth
Cvilink, Viktor ; Skálová, Lenka (advisor) ; Holčapek, Michal (referee) ; Machala, Miroslav (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Mgr. Viktor Cvilink Supervisor: Doc. RNDr. Lenka Skálová, Ph.D. Title of Doctoral Thesis: METABOLISM OF ANTHELMINTICS IN HELMINTHS Anthelminthic drugs are presently the principal method for the control of helminth diseases. Knowledge of detoxification mechanisms that helminths possess is important for understanding the processes that affect the drug concentration within a helminth organism and may be crucial in the treatment efficacy. When the drug concentration in a target organism does not reach the therapeutic level, it results in a decreased efficacy of pharmacotherapy which may further lead to the induction of helminth biotransformation enzymes and eventually issue in resistance development to the administered drug. Present knowledge of helminth biotransformation enzymes is insufficient. Often it is not known whether a given individual helminth species possesses such enzymes or whether it is capable of employing them in treatment evasion. In the presented thesis, the objective was to investigate the biotransformation pathways of selected anthelminthics in model helminth species, identify the formed metabolites and characterize biotransformation enzymes of the studied parasites. Our...
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Pharmacoeconomic and Pharmacoepidemiology Aspects of Allergy Rhinitis Treatment and Prevention
Pokladníková, Jitka ; Vlček, Jiří (advisor) ; Švihovec, Jan (referee) ; Beran, Jiří (referee)
7 SUMMARY Rational pharmacotherapy should ensure a safe and cost-effective treatment of patients with allergic rhinitis (AR). Two main aspects of treatment of AR were addressed (1) comparative benefits and costs of subcutaneous and sublingual allergen immunotherapy in patients with allergic rhinitis, and (2) systemic adverse events - neuropsychiatric disorders and gynaecomastia - during intranasal corticosteroid use. (1) Allergen specific immunotherapy: benefits and costs Our pharmacoeconomic study on allergen specific immunotherapy showed that sublingual and subcutaneous immunotherapy reduced clinical symptoms and the need for symptomatic medication in adults with grass pollen induced rhinoconjunctivitis compared to standard pharmacological treatment. The clinical efficacy of the sublingual and subcutaneous immunotherapy was not significantly different in the third year of specific immunotherapy. Nevertheless, the SCIT group exhibited slightly better improvement in visual analogue scale and a greater reduction of systemic antihistamines versus SLIT in the third year compared to the baseline year. Overall, SLIT showed a better cost profile from all three perspectives. SCIT was financially favorable from a patient perspective where no loss of income and travel costs were present. Larger comparative studies...
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Long-term financial assets and income arising from it
Pejlová, Gabriela ; Skálová, Jana (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is devoted to the characteristics of long-term financial assets and income that result from it. It is focused on the accounting treatment of this issue. It concentrates on equity securities and shares and bonds, since they are the most important part of long-term financial assets. The work is divided into several chapters, where each describes a certain phase of acquisition, through possession and related income and revaluation of the balance sheet date, to the exclusion of securities and shares. The last part of the work is focused on reporting long-term financial assets in the financial statements.
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Analysis of morbidity in Czechia investigating health care provision and take-up in relation to diabetes mellitus
Kocová, Markéta
Analysis of morbidity in Czechia investigating health care provision and take-up in relation to diabetes mellitus Abstract Diabetes mellitus is a life-threatening disease which presents as hyperglycaemia or raised blood glucose. Late detection or a failure to follow treatment guidelines may lead to complications that significantly impact on the sufferer's daily life and require expensive medical treatment. The growing prevalence of this disease, which no longer only affects developed countries, therefore presents enormous risks to health care systems and society as a whole. The aim of this thesis is to analyse the geodemographic characteristics of the current diabetic population in Czechia. Particular attention will be paid to the age of diabetes sufferers, since in Czechia data on this is lacking. In pursuit of this aim the thesis makes use of anonymised data from the largest Czech health insurance company (Czech General Health Insurance). The first part of the thesis looks at diabetes mellitus as a medical condition, concentrating primarily on the basic types of the disease but also considering the potential health complications this disease causes. The theoretical part will discuss the main risk factors of developing the disease, such as genetic predisposition, age, obesity and other potential factors...
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An Analysis of the Counselling-Therapeutic Process in the Substitute Programme Subutexem o.s. Prev-Centrum
Miláčková, Markéta ; Procházková, Jana (referee) ; Goldmann, Petr (advisor)
This diploma paper focuses on the analysis counselling process in The Subutex® substitution programme Prev-Centrum, NGO, in Prague. On the strength of contemporary knowledge questions are asked about both this process and the whole programme. The theoretical part of this paper overviews contemporary knowledge on drug abusing; focussing on opiods, drug dependence and drug addiction and possibilities of drug users' treatment. It maps the situation in this field in the Czech Republic at the present time. This paper concentrates on both pharmaceutical and psychosocial stages of drug treatment, with special attention on the use of buprenorphine (Subutex®) as substitution. In the practical part of this paper the author analyzes her own factual examples of counselling praxis in The Subutex® substitution programme, with regard for previous theoretical basis. Pointing to key moments of this counselling process she is looking for their reasons and consequences, and considering the practical use of final statements in The Subutex® substitution programme Prev-Centrum, NGO. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Analysis of security requirements for payment card industry and problems with their implementation
Klečka, Jakub ; Doucek, Petr (advisor) ; Krob, Jan (referee)
Rapid development of new technologies and their easy implementation introduces new risks that must be faced. This diploma thesis concentrates at payment card industry. Payment card industry come through significant development. Billions of dollar each year flow through these systems. New technologies like contactless cards, prepaid brand cards are emerging, ATM and payment terminal support new services and products. Merchant are looking for new opportunities. This situation brings along new threats and introduces new vulnerabilities. These are not necessarily new, only the whole environment got much more complicated and digger. Unfortunately the acting threats and vulnerabilities were not eliminated. Missing legislation measures and restricted enforceability are not sufficient to effectively fight against crime in this area. On the other hand sever organizations are aware of these threats and tries to face them. New security requirements were introduced for each separate subjects of payment card industry so that the risks are eliminated or their impact is reduced to an acceptable degree. Some of these requirements were already implemented and are in the scope of this work. The goal of this work is to explore these requirements. To find out what risks they are affecting and how effective they are. And in case of need help to implement the appropriate security measure. This work is practically oriented and can help responsible persons to ensure compliance with the requirements and face all effecting threats.
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