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The phenomenon of symbiosis and its importance to theoretical biology
Lhotský, Josef ; Markoš, Anton (advisor) ; Neustupa, Jiří (referee) ; Krajčovič, Juraj (referee)
7 Abstract Close physical interspecific associations called symbioses are central for understanding both evolution and interactions of all branches of living creatures, as well as shaping the Earth's physical features - in other words, they are essential for understanding the nature of whole biosphere. Symbiotic research takes place in some variation in all fields of biology, and since the nature of the phenomenon apparently has a fundamental importance as an exceptional underlying & unifying scheme, there is growing need for appropriate theoretical analysis. Here I discuss the theoretical frame, definition and history of the concept of symbiotic interactions and its significance and use in theoretical biology. Keywords: symbiosis, life, microorganisms, evolution, metaphors and models
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The phenomenon of symbiosis and its importance to theoretical biology
Lhotský, Josef
7 Abstract Close physical interspecific associations called symbioses are central for understanding both evolution and interactions of all branches of living creatures, as well as shaping the Earth's physical features - in other words, they are essential for understanding the nature of whole biosphere. Symbiotic research takes place in some variation in all fields of biology, and since the nature of the phenomenon apparently has a fundamental importance as an exceptional underlying & unifying scheme, there is growing need for appropriate theoretical analysis. Here I discuss the theoretical frame, definition and history of the concept of symbiotic interactions and its significance and use in theoretical biology. Keywords: symbiosis, life, microorganisms, evolution, metaphors and models
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The role of trehalose in mycorrhizal associations
Šoch, Jan ; Ponert, Jan (advisor) ; Hála, Michal (referee)
Mycorrhizal symbiosis is a widely spread phenomenon in nature. A translocation of nutrients occurs between symbionts with disaccharide trehalose playing a key role in the process. However, this saccharide fulfils many important roles in metabolism of fungi and plants. Fungi use trehalose mainly as storage and transport saccharide. On the other hand, trehalose occurs in extremely low amounts in plants where it acts as a signal molecule. Thus it is likely that the saccharide could be used by the fungus to manipulate plant metabolism on a physical interface between symbionts. Trehalose has a similar function in many parasitic interactions. In most cases of mycorrhizal associations trehalose synthesis creates a carbon sink in mycelium which leads to saccharide transfer from the host plant to the fungus. Completely different situation occurs in the types of mycorrhizal symbiosis, where saccharides are translocated from a fungus to a plant. Some plants can utilize trehalose effectively as a sole source of energy. Consequently, the question raises - could such plants gain fungal trehalose on purpose as a source of energy and carbon? This review aims to assess and discuss the mentioned possibilities considering available literature. Key words: mycorrhiza, orchids, parazitism, saccharides, sink, symbiosis,...
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Diverzita mikrobiomů vybraných druhů ovádů (Diptera: Tabanidae) a její vliv na přenos trypanosom \kur{(Trypanosoma sp.)}
SVOBODOVÁ, Simona
Three different bacterial symbionts have been known from blood-sucking horse flies (Tabanidae), Spiroplasma from family Spiroplasmaceae, Midichloria from family Midichloriaceae and Wolbachia from family Rickettsiaceae. Microbiomes of tabanids has been explored only marginally, therefore in my thesis I explore them in more details. I have described microbiomes of 7 species from Africa, USA and Czech republic, and found them to contain bacteria from families Spiroplasmataceae, Chthoniobacterales, Pseudomonadaceae, Acetobacteraceae, Enterobacteriaceae, Flavobacteriaceae, Staphylococcaceae, Halomonadaceae, Moraxellaceae. In addition, I have studied Trypanosoma´s influence on the compositon to the horse fly microbiome. I have not found significant differences between microbiomes of infected and uninfected individuals, indicating that the presence of Trypanosoma may not have any strong effect on the microbiome.
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Strom jako biotop
Heinrich, Michal
The aim of this work is to clarify and change the view of the organism, which is mostly perceived only as a single functional unit, and this organism is a tree. The purpose is to show that a tree is a kind of microcosm of its own, to which are not only bound, but directly crucially dependent and reliant many species of animals and plants. This theme was elaborated in two planes. First, I focused on the general relationship between trees and their surroundings at all. Then I chose one representative trees - oak (Quercus), on which are shown already concrete cases of dependency, needs and interaction. Analysis and the findings clearly demonstrate that there are very strong links between the trees, their surroundings and other life forms. The main finding is that targeted and also unconscious damaging of trees violates harmony that has far-reaching consequences, often manifested in its seriousness in a very long time.
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Revitalization Program of Floral Garden in Kromeriz
Kudlička, Jan ; Matoušková, Petra (referee) ; Mléčka, Jan (advisor)
This project elaborate the foreground of Kvetna garden in Kromeriz.Everything is solucionated like a fluid connection with an old garden.It isssues from the old concept but however has got a new modern and dynamic form.The main idea is to make a pleasure visit for the people who will arrive and give them more knowings about culture ,history and art.
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Urban design Výstaviště Brno
Kopřivová, Nikola ; Kopáčik, Gabriel (referee) ; Sátora, Josef (advisor)
Diplomová práce se zabývá transformací a novým návrhem funkčního využití území areálu výstaviště v Brně. Areál je vymezen od jihu velkým městským okruhem města Brna a od severu ulicí Hlinky. Cílem návrhu bylo oživit stávající hodnotné území tak, aby se z něho stal fungující městský organismus volně přístupný veřejnosti, který by tvořil symbiózu mezi historickou částí výstaviště a nově navrženou částí.
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Thermal baths Yverdon, five senses in architecture
Krkošková, Kateřina ; Křikavová, Iva (referee) ; Koleček, Ivan (advisor)
Spa building as a symbiotic organism of the park. Principle pouring mass between the trees comes from finding intimacy important for the spa, and the genius loci of the park. The dialogue and the interpenetration of interior and exterior, walking in the park and inside the building, the play of light and vistas are the subject of this work, which produces organic architecture, not as a mere form, but as a result of a thorough analysis of the Site. Park becomes part of the building, creating green bays, thanks to which all the rooms gain the same qualities. Architecture defined by the flow of air and light, scent of spa water. Visitation of the spa as an irreducible complex of impressions that stimulate our senses.
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School, the Foundation of Life – a Complex of Educational Buildings in Ostrava, Cerna louka
Slavíková, Barbora ; Halfar, Jiří (referee) ; Mikulášek, David (advisor)
The location of Černá louka is situated between the city-centre of Moravská Ostrava and an area of Slezská Ostrava next to the confluence of two rivers – Ostravice and Lučina. The development at the building site of Černá louka is a result from an international competition 2010, which winner was the project Culture Meadow from studio Maxwan. The main idea of the project is to concentrate cultural and educational buildings around a culture meadow. This design has been used as a default situation for the master´s thesis. The complex of schools is situated at the parcel of existing Miniuni-site between cultural cluster Černá louka and the residential quarter Nová Karolina. The volume of the school with its front-spaces reacts to the surrounding structures. In the middle of the complex arises a half-public open space, where are located the internal entrances. Because of the placing of the school next to the city-centre the multifunctional pitch is situated on the roof of the gym. The design of the school respects principles of the age differentiation just as the horizontal integration. That´s why the substance makes up a symbiosis of 5 parts - common space, gym, first and second level, gymnasium. These parts are connected together and at the same time enable to use individual parts separately. The building of kindergarten with its garden is separated from the school because of differential needs of the smallest children.
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