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Signification of activatory and inhibitory ligands on leukemia cells to NK stimulations.
Imryšková, Zuzana ; Hromadníková, Ilona (advisor) ; Bezouška, Karel (referee)
In last decades, with expansion of immunological and biological methods are developed new diagnostical and treatment processes, which enable stratification of patients into sanative groups and trend to individual therapy. Absolutely transparent are effects relevant to leukemia. Present treatment procedures enable not only longer survivance of patients, but often their stable sanation. In present time is in progress intesive research imunotherapy NK cells, which could be able to finish minimal residual disease after chemotherapeutical treatment, which is evoke by persistant malignant cells. Next advantage of this treatment procedure is elimination of system disease in cosequence of exactly pointed cure. In this work he attended in vitro testing to possibility of utilization imunotherapeutic treatment by NK cells acute and chronic myeloid leukemia and chronic lymfoblastic leukemia. Using flow cytometry methods we detected activation and inhibitory ligands which are recognized by NK cells on the cell surface of leukemia blasts. These are members of MHC complex HLA-E, molecules derived from MHC class I (MICA, MICB), UL16-binding proteins (ULBP-1, ULBP -2, ULBP -3, ULBP -4) and also Hsp70 protein according to the newest observation. We also atended to detection of expression inducible heat shock...
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Problems of nursing care for klient with senile dementia
KLOUDOVÁ, Martina
Dementia, also called old age disease is no more the problem of developed countries only, it has become a global problem. The population in the Czech Republic is growing old, which is caused by decreasing birth rate and decreasing mortality in all age groups. Dementia belongs to more frequent diseases than brain stroke and diabetes mellitus among seniors. In 65 year-old people the risk of dementia development is 5 %, at 75 it grows to 10 %. More than 30-50 % of seniors over 85 suffer from the disease (Jirák, Holmerová et al., 2009). Most nurses meet clients with dementia at their wards, which is why they should be educated in the field of specific needs in caring about these clients.The goals of the thesis were: 1. To indicate the specific problems of nursing care about a client with old age dementia. 2. To map the possibilities of educating hospital nurses in the problems of clients with old age dementia. 3. To find the negative factors affecting the psyche of nurses caring about clients with old age dementia. Four research questions were set to reach these goals. 1. What are the most frequent problems dealt with by healthcare staff caring about clients with old age dementia? 2. In what way a nurse communicates with a client with old age dementia? 3. What are the possibilities to educate nurses in the issues of old age dementia? 4. What are the negative impacts on the psyche of healthcare staff members working with clients suffering from old age dementia?The method of quantitative research by means of interviews was applied to elaboration of the thesis on the topic Problems of Nursing Care of a Client with Old Age Dementia. The interviews were semi-structured and were prepared for nurses from various standard departments of Strakonice Hospital. The interviews consisted of seventeen questions and were recorded with the consent of the nurses and consequently literally transcribed. The research was performed from 22 February to 1 March 2013.The research results have shown that all nurses often meet clients with dementia and they know the specific problems related to nursing care of these clients. The results also show that although they are aware of various forms of education in the issues of old age dementia they do not educate themselves and they consider other nurses uninformed. We found during the research that no forms of education are provided in this field at the departments. Despite the lack of information nurses try to solve problem situations with clients upon their experience or collecting information from other healthcare staff, which is usually insufficient. Because of these relations communication between a nurse and a client with dementia worsens, which leads to poor cooperation with both, a client and his/her family, and negative impacts in nurses? psyche like fatigue, stress and tiredness often occur, which is also reflected in their family lives.We think that nurses should be more strongly motivated to education in the issues of old age dementia. Education would bring nurses theoretical knowledge of dementia, it would help them create better cooperation with a client suffering from dementia and they would be able to prevent and duly solve possible problematic situations in the treatment and they would also learn how to communicate with a client with old age dementia efficiently. My bachelor thesis results in a draft of a seminar intended not only for nurses from consequent care departments, which contains the basic information on the issues of nursing care of a client with old age dementia (Annex 5).
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Working with prisoners and the formation of standardized programs
Bajcura, Lubomír ; Šotolová, Eva (advisor) ; Sochůrek, Jan (referee) ; Černíková, Vratislava (referee)
In the year 2007 for the Prison Service of the Czech Republic the new treatment program for offenders of commercially motivated sexual abuse of children became preferred. Community is very focused on this area of criminality. In 2007 there were 1 205 of abuse of children. Getting over the long-standing taboo has criminological consequences, which has been confirmed by records on sexual abuse and maltreatment in personal files of dangerous offenders. Therefore, special treatment with offenders of sexual abuse of children represents part of the fight against the most serious criminality and contributes to protection to the most vulnerable members of our community. Commercially motivated sexual abuse of children has been frequently accomplished through a third person that uses pressure or violence on a child. That is why offenders deny their guilt before both the community and their own conscience. The standardized program should guide an offender towards recognition of reasons and consequences of his/her criminal activities. The research part of this thesis concentrates on how the program is perceived by both the offenders and the realization team. The huge potential of the educational part of the program, where facts and theoretical information on the specific criminal activities play the formative role, was...
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Adipokinetic hormone counteracts oxidative stress elicited in insects by hydrogen peroxide: in vivo and in vitro study
BEDNÁŘOVÁ, Andrea
The involvement of members of Adipokinetic hormone (AKH) family in regulation of response to oxidative stress (OS) was investigated in the present study. OS was elicited in the insect body by exogenous application of hydrogen peroxide. In vivo experiments reveal that injection of hydrogen peroxide into the haemocoel of the firebug, Pyrrhocoris apterus, increases the level of AKH in the central nervous system (CNS) and in the haemolymph. The injection of hydrogen peroxide also increases the mortality of experimental bugs, whereas co-injection of hydrogen peroxide with Pyrap-AKH reduces mortality to control levels. Importantly, an increase in haemolymph protein carbonyl (an OS biomarker) levels is decreased to control levels when hydrogen peroxide is co-injected with Pyrap-AKH. Similar results were obtained using in vitro experiments. OS biomarkers such as malondialdehyde and protein carbonyls were significantly enhanced upon exposure of isolated CNS to hydrogen peroxide in vitro, whereas co-treatment of the CNS with hydrogen peroxide and Pyrap-AKH reduces their level significantly. Catalase activity was measured as well and the same pattern was observed. The results of the present study provide strong support on the feedback regulation between oxidative stressors and AKH action, and implicate AKH in counteracting OS.
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Augustin Navrátil and his disident activities
Kordíková, Marta ; Hlavačka, Milan (advisor) ; Randák, Jan (referee)
Augustin Navrátil This thesis addresses the life and work of Augustin Navrátil (1928-2003), a Roman- -Catholic activist from the Moravian township of Lutopecny near Kroměříž. A. Navrátil has not been subject of a complex publication yet, although he is the author of the largest petition demanding religious - and with that going hand in hand also civic - liberties in socialist Czechoslovakia (1988, 600 000 signatures). Followingly, this is the first attempt to biographically outline the personality and motivations of this farmer, politician (member of the party Lidova strana), man who signed Charta 77 but also a husband and father of nine children. The aim is to cover his life from his birth, over his family background to the beginnings and heights of his social engagement. The text will mainly deal with 22 open letters in which he drew attention to various illegal practices and actions of the Communist power, as well as with the three petitions he authored (1978, 1985 a 1988) and the samizdat (self-published) journal Křesťanské obzory (Christian horizons), which he published with a group of others from June 1988 to July 1990. In contrast to most Czech dissidents, he was never sentenced to a prison term for his activities, but he had to involuntarily undergo repeated psychiatric treatment. He was...
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Care for People with Parkinson´s Disease in South Bohemia Region
KROUPOVÁ, Denisa
Theoretical part of this bachelor thesis dedicates to a Parkinson´s disease problematic. There is described an origin of this disease. A next topic is a progress and a prediction of the disease. This disease is a progressive one. It means that over time the situation is getting worse. The Parkinson´s disease prediction has completely changed since 80s, when levodopa has become a basic medicine. A Parkinson´s disease treatment helps to getting slow of the disease progress. That guarantees to a diseased people to live almost a full life. Pharmacological treatment consists of a substitution medical treatment, compensatory and adjuvant one. Non ? pharmacological treatment is guaranteed by different therapies and pedias from which the main place has physiotherapy. Surgical treatment is dedicated only for people, where pharmacological treatment has not got enough effects. The last chapter deals with health and social services for people with Parkinson´s disease. Health services are provided by both, public and private medical facilities. I divided into two parts the social area. The first one are the services which can be used by people with this disease and the second one are the benefits for people with disabilities. These people are undoubtedly disabled by Parkinson´s disease too. The main aim of the bachelor thesis is to find out, which effects of Parkinson´s disease have on the life of people with this disease. An intermediate aim is to find out, which health and social problems people with Parkinson´s disease could have in the South Bohemia region. Due to the aims of the thesis, I chose a quality research. I used the methodology of asking, a semi ? structured interview. This interview was consisted from seven questions, which were concerned private, family, working, social, economical areas and problems with which people with this disease could meet in the area of health and social care in the South Bohemia region. High quality data are analysed by a methodology of capture patterns (gestalts). A research group consists from six respondents who were chosen by deliberate choice. The results of the thesis show that Parkinson´s disease is more or less in touch with all parts of life of people with this disease. The symptoms influence the private life too, where make daily, common functioning, more difficult. In the family area, the impacts of Parkinson´s disease are projected in the relationships. Two of six respondents said, that the relationship was stronger, but one respondent said, that is was a breaking up of his relationship. The working area is bothered too. Loss of endurance, inability of performance in a manual working and limited possibilities, all of these are the reasons which blocked the manual working. On the other hand, three of the respondents, didn´t have to leave their jobs due to the Parkinson´s disease. Only one respondent stated that expenditure increased due to Parkinson's disease. None of them feels to be dependent on the family members. The medicaments are for free for the people with this disease, and they couldn´t pay for them. Among the results which affect people with this disease in the health care service we can say there isn´t health centre in the South Bohemia region. One respondent wasn´t satisfied with the neurology care. In my opinion is low knowledge in this part of a social care. Two of six respondents, didn´t know where to get information. From social contributions there exists just contribution to mobility. Four respondents have a card for disabled people. The results of this thesis showed that this disease brings many different limitations. This work could be the biggest benefit for people with this disease as well for their family members, friends and others who are interested in this problem. The work could bring the inspiration for activity of Parkinson Club České Budějovice.
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Nursing Specificity at Patients with Diagnosis "psoriasis vulgaris"
SLÁMOVÁ, Eliška
Nursing Specificity at Patients with Diagnosis psoriasis vulgaris The aim of my thesis was to explore the nursing specificity at patients with diagnosis psoriasis vulgaris. I tried to find out the real impact of nursing care on the psychic state of these patients and their close family members; in addition to this my research was concentrated on the role of a nurse in the nursing process. My intention was to discover whether a nurse can influence on psychic problems of psoriatic patients. I used qualitative methods of research, i.e. nonstandardized talks in combination with subsequent case study. The topic of talks to patients and nurses reflected everyday life of psoriatic patients and nursing problems concerning their treatment. Patients and nurses were chosen at random with respect to voluntary participation of both. The intention was applied in the chosen illness {--} psoriasis vulgaris. The research has proved the existence of the specific field in the nursing process at psoriatic patients {--} systematic and long-term care about the overall psychic condition of these patients. Psychic (im)balance of psoriatic patients is usually transfered to their relatives. My research has resulted in the serious finding that contemporary nursing is ignoring the care about psoriatic patients´ psychic problems. This fact of missing psychic care was confirmed at all stages of this incurable illness. Despite of this fact the main role in taking care about patients´ psychic state should be realized by nurses. Patients should be much better educated; nurses should regularly carry out prevention and treatment of psychic traumas occuring so often during patients´ coexistence with psoriasis. To sum up my thesis, I would like to add some extra comments: results of the research are so current and urgent so that to be published in the professional journals. Postgraduate education of nurses should be completed with these findings and management of health service facilities should be also immediately informed about present missing care concerning psychic condition. Noursing care will have to be reorganized and improved as soon as possible. In this way the quality of psoriatic patients´ and their relatives´ life could be much better than any time before
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Religious Life in Czechoslovak Prisons in the Period of the Communist Regime
Synek, Jan ; Rychlík, Jan (advisor)
This thesis deals with Czechoslovak penal system between the years 1948 - 1989 from the view of religion. It investigates the developement of spiritual service in prison, follows its decline after February 1948 and describes in which way the prisoners tried to find a solution to the prohibiton to practice religion in prisons. Further it focuses on religious persecution in communist Czechoslovakia, presents reasons for imprisonment of the members of individual confessions and shows how their faith reflected in everyday life in prison. The author makes a reference to the concentration of priests in closed departements, explains its reason and tries to depict everyday life of these separated communities. He describes in details how the convicted practiced the acts of their religion and he deals with the differences of individual confessions. The work speculates over the sense of imprisonment of hundreds of priests, friars and laymen from some of the Churches in communist Czechoslovakia. It thinks about the power of faith and conviction exposed to cruel physical treatment and mental violence. It also deals with the question of colaboration, relations between members of different confession and between the convicted and warders. In the end it depicts how the people with religious belief, who were...
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Exprese a role P-glykoproteinu a BCRP transportního proteinu a karcinomu prsu
Kvaková, Lucia ; Čečková, Martina (advisor) ; Štaud, František (referee)
ABC (ATP-binding cassette) proteins form the largest known transporter gene family. P- gp and BCRP are so far the most described members of the ABC family that translocate a variety of endogenous as well as exogenous compounds including drugs across cellular compartments. In this way the transporters protect human healthy tissues from xenobiotic compounds which can impair structure or function of the tissue. In recent years, many studies have been done to find the correlation between the expression of ABC transporters in breast tumor cells and failure of the breast cancer therapy. It has been confirmed that P-gp and BCRP (two specific ABC transporters) are expressed in breast tumors in a higher degree and can be responsible for the decrease of cytotoxic drugs inside the cell leading to the noneffective therapy. Many modulators of P-gp and BCRP have been developed to inhibit transporter expression causing the subsequent sensivity to cytotoxic drugs. There are new perspective treatment strategies formed, such as the combination of chemotherapeutics with substances inhibiting and/or preventing drug resistance of cancer cells, that could be used in clinical practise in the future.
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Possibilities of rehabilitation in children with cleft defects
Ješutová, Kateřina ; Černická, Barbara (advisor) ; Málková, Michaela (referee)
The cleft defects of orofacial complex belong among the most frequent congenital defects. These defects are affecting functions of orofacial complex and then complications of food intake, breathing, phonation and mimics can occur. On that ground the treatment needs complex care. The members of multidisciplinar team are plastic surgeon, orthodontist, paediatrician, geneticist, anaesthetist, anthropologist, phoniatrician, speech therapist and psychologist. The aim of the work is to describe physiotherapeutical techniques, methods or concepts, which can reduce, clear off or prevent disorders of orofacial complex functions since newborns. Currently it can support physiological motory development of children. The assimilation of physiotherapy into care complex could improve therapy for children with cleft defects. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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