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Impact of housing sector on greenhouse emissions
Hošková, Tereza ; Dvořáček, Lukáš (referee) ; Ivanička, Koloman (advisor)
This bachelor´s thesis deals with the influence of the housing sector in the creation of greenhouse gases. The theoretical part of the recommended proposals to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the residential sector and a description of the environmental impacts of buildings in various phases of the life cycle in terms of greenhouse gas emissions. The practical part deals with projects that have been implemented or planned under the auspices of the world organization Ecocity.
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The database of waste incinerators in Europe
Šaldová, Lenka ; Ručka,, Jan (referee) ; Hluštík, Petr (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is to describe modern technological processing lines MSW incinerators. Describe individual objects and their links with the principle of thermal combustion. Processes described in the process line will be: waste reception, storage and waste materials, waste pretreatment, loading of waste into the process, thermal treatment of waste, energy utilization and conversion, gas cleaning, disposal of residues from flue gas cleaning, gas discharge, monitoring and control emissions , cleaning and inspection of wastewater treatment and disposal of ash (kiln ash), discharge (disposal) of solid residues. In the second part of this database will be set up incinerators occurring in Europe with basic information (address, website, kiln type, number of lines, the amount of waste incinerated, etc.). The developed database will be created graphs for better clarity and comparison. The database will be accompanied by the emission requirements of individual countries according to the applicable domestic and European legislation.
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Comparison of emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds from leaves of three tree species
Holišová, Petra ; Večeřová, Kristýna ; Pallozi, E. ; Guidolotti, G. ; Esposito, R. ; Calfapietra, Carlo ; Urban, Otmar
Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) play many roles in plants’ ecophysiology and have the potential to affect atmospheric quality due to their chemical reactivity. Rates of BVOC emissions are highly variable depending on plant species and growing condition. Our study evaluated the amounts and spectra of BVOCs emitted from three tree species. We investigated BVOC emissions from the leaves of mature Norway spruce and sessile oak saplings grown in the field and from 1-year-old cuttings of hybrid poplar grown under laboratory conditions. Emitted BVOCs were sampled on desorption Tenax tubes in parallel with gas-exchange measurements. After subsequent thermal desorption of Tenax tubes, BVOC profiles were estimated by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The tree species showed substantial differences in BVOC emission rates per unit leaf area ranging between 2.33 and 25.67 nmol m–2 s–1. Spruce trees had the lowest BVOC emissions and oak had slightly higher BVOC emissions on average than did poplar. Isoprene composed more than 97% of total BVOC emissions from oak and poplar, while no isoprene emissions from spruce needles were detected. Spruce BVOC emissions were mainly composed of such monoterpenes as α-pinene, β-pinene, and limonene.
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Analysis of normative instruments of regulation within ecological policy on the example of EU Directive on industrial emissions.
Turková, Andrea ; Geuss, Erik (advisor) ; Branžovský, Antonín (referee)
Within the frame of the ecological policy, there exists a number of instruments for a protection of environment and to solve problems related to it. Single types of instruments are established on diferent principles which leads to long-lasting arguments of economists on fitness or unfitness for purpose. At the application of administrative instruments of regulation, as it is described by neoclassical economy theory, a question arises, if this strict solution is effective and practical in light of meeting targets of the environmental policy. Arguments which hold the view that the EU Directive on industrial emissions in the metallurgy sector implementation, as an above mentioned administrative instrument, is effective and practical can be displaced in case of comparison with well set alternative instrument - marketable emission licences.
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Atmospheric deposition of substances in the Czech Republic and abroad
BARTŮŠEK, Ondřej
This thesis is focused on atmospheric deposition of substances in the Czech Republic and abroad. There are also briefly explained concepts such as source pollution emissions and air pollutants, which are depended on each other and which are closely linked with atmospheric deposition. There is also explained the process of formation of atmospheric deposition. There are also described in detail the types of atmospheric deposition, their structure, removing a procedure for estimating the size of atmospheric deposition. To get an idea of the work the values of atmospheric deposition in Europe, China, North America and in the last row in the Czech Republic, where is briefly described the trend of atmospheric deposition. Furthermore, there are station network in the Czech Republic. The last part of the thesis deals with the development of the atmospheric deposition of sulfur, nitrogen and hydrogen ions in the Czech Republic and at certain stations.
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Influence of Oxygen Partial Pressure in the Combustion Atmosphere on the Efficiency, Emissions, and Distribution of Heavy Metals in the Fluidized Bed Incineration of Corn Straw
Durda, Tomáš ; Pohořelý, Michael ; Šyc, Michal ; Svoboda, Karel ; Kameníková, Petra ; Jeremiáš, Michal ; Punčochář, Miroslav
This experimental study is focused on the corn straw incineration in a bubbling fluidized-bed reactor. The aim of this study is to compare the influence of oxygen partial pressure in the combustion atmosphere (air, oxygen-enriched air, pure oxygen ‒ oxy-fuel process) on the efficiency of the combustion process, the emissions of undesirable pollutants (CO, NOx, SO2, N2O, and dust) and distribution of heavy metals between individual output streams (bed ash, cyclone ash, and fly ash). The efficiency of the combustion process is compared on the basis of chemical unburned carbon (concentration of CO in the exhaust gas) and mechanical unburned particles (content of carbon in the solid form).
Fulltext: content.csg -  PDF
Plný tet: SKMBT_C22014091514571 - PDF
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A comparison of the development of atmospheric deposition of nitrogen and phosphorus in different regions of the Czech Republic
SUCHÁ, Jitka
This thesis engages a comparison of the development of atmospheric deposition of nitrogen and phosphorus in different regions of the Czech Republic. The work explains the formation of atmospheric deposition and related terms such as the source of pollution, emissions, air pollution and nitrogen oxides. There are stated types of atmospheric deposition, sampling procedure and the process of determining the size of atmospheric deposition. This work describes the methods that were used in the calculations and evaluations. It also deals with the selection of suitable measuring stations for processing the development of atmospheric nitrogen deposition. The atmospheric deposition of phosphorus were not measured in the territory of the Czech Republic in the period from 2000 to 2010. The aim of this work is to find trends in time series of concentrations of NOx and statistical evaluation of the development of atmospheric nitrogen deposition. For these chapters were selected concentration of nitrogen oxides in the regional towns of the Czech Republic. In the chapter of spatial analyzes of the concentration of nitrogen oxides is selected Ústecký kraj, mainly due to the fact that this area is characterized by significantly high atmospheric deposition of nitrogen and total air pollution. A therm the Black Triangle is often used for this location.
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The effect of management type on greenhouse gas emissions from grasslands
HAJŠMANOVÁ, Klára
This work represents the grant application for project dealing with the influence of the type of management and fertilization on greenhouse gas emissions of (CO2, CH4, N2O) from grasslands, namely grazed pastures, mown and mulched meadows at an organic farm Borová near České Budějovice. This project evaluates the diurnal gas flux dynamics affected by application of different nitrogen fertilizers (i.e. NH4+, NO3- and manure).
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