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Pregnancy proteins - molecular biological and biochemical analysis
Muravská, Alexandra ; Kalousová, Marta (advisor) ; Černá, Marie (referee) ; Průša, Richard (referee)
The aim of this thesis was to establish methods for selected PAPP-A (Pregnancy- Associated Plasma Protein A) gene polymorphisms analysis and to study genetic background of PAPP-A and biochemical background of PAPP-A and PlGF (Placental Growth Factor) in relation to risk pregnancy. Secondly, the aim was to establish method for two-dimensional (2D) electrophoresis of amniotic fluid. Methods for analysis of ten PAPP-A gene polymorphisms were established. These polymorphisms, PAPP-A and PlGF levels were studied in together 165 women in third trimester pregnancies complicated with threatening preterm labor (n=98), preeclampsia (n=35), IUGR (Intrauterine Growth Restriction) (n=34) and ICP (Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy) (n=15). 114 healthy pregnant women served as controls. The method for 2D electrophoresis of amniotic fluid was established. Preeclamptic patients had significantly higher frequency of TT genotype of Cys327Cys (C/T) PAPP-A gene polymorphism compared to controls. Patients with ICP had increased serum levels of PAPP-A compared to controls, in patients with threatening preterm labor PAPP-A levels were rather decreased. PlGF levels did not differ from control group in patients with ICP and threatening preterm labor. Positive correlation was found between PAPP-A and PlGF in group of...
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Vliv O-glykosylace v onkofetálním fibronektinu na kostní formaci
Lejsalová, Alžběta ; Šimůnek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Pávek, Petr (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Performed at Institute of Immunology The Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg Candidate: Alžběta Lejsalová Supervisor: Doc. PharmDr. Tomáš Šimůnek, Ph.D. Specialized supervisor: Prof. Dr. Inaam Nakchbandi Title of diploma thesis: The Influence of the O-glycosylation in oncofetal fibronectin on the bone formation Hepatic osteodystrophy is a major complication in patients with chronic cholestatic liver diseases which significantly contributes to decreased quality of life. It was established that increased levels of the oncofetal domain of fibronectin correlated with bone loss and decrease in bone formation in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. The oncofetal fibronectin is characterized by the O-glycosylation in the variable domain. Another O-glycosylation is found on the NH2-terminus. The aim of this project was to prepared O-deglycosylated fibronectin isoforms and fibronectin knockdown mammalian cells for further research on the effect of O-glycosylation on the bone formation.
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Species diversity of meadows and pastures on small spatial scale
Bartoš, Michael ; Vojta, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Skálová, Hana (referee)
Grazing seems to be not only means of conserving species diversity of grasslands but also - in many cases - of its increasing. This thesis tries to find out the mechanisms of grazing that result in increased or decreased species diversity. The experiment was proceeded in Slupenec, a part of Český Krumlov, where horse pastures are situated. In order to compare grazing and mowing I collected phytosociological data from plots 1 x 1 mš. I also collected data about soil moisture, composition and pH in order to find out the main gradients in vegetation. The vegetation data from plots 20 x 20 cmš were collected before and after grazing on three pasturelands. In the chosen locality, higher level of plant species diversity have been proven on pastures in comparison with meadows. There is significantly higher percentage of plots contributing to the higher level of ß diversity on pastures than on meadows. At the same time the variability of vegetation was in most cases explained by the categorial variable pasture / meadow. Concerning selectivity of grazing, it has been proven that horses prefer grazing on species with greater cover abundance. The plots with lower rate of grazed species have got higher ß diversity. In terms of functional traits of plants, it has been proven that higher percentage of no-rosette...
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The Efficiency of Regulation in the European Union
Serdarevič, Goran ; Mejstřík, Michal (advisor) ; Žigić, Krešimir (referee) ; Vacek, Pavel (referee)
This dissertation deals with the topic of economic regulation, focusing on applying empirical methods to assess the efficiency of regulatory measures used in different areas of the EU economy. It consists of three parts, the first part looks at the functioning of the EU merger control, the second and third focus on the relationship between regulation, competition and investment in telecommunications markets. The first chapter deals with the EU competition policy and the specific area of merger control, analysing empirically the impact of introducing more economic approach in evaluating competition effects of mergers at the EU level. Our key finding is that the regulatory reform introduced in 2004 has, to some extent, enhanced the efficiency of European merger control. This implies that the Commission's assessments of mergers under the new regulation post the 2004 reform are more consistent with the independent market evaluations. We find that the probability of an anti-competitive deal being cleared decreases significantly under the new regulatory framework. Nevertheless, the occurrence of unnecessary remedies imposed on pro-competitive mergers has not decreased as the result of the new merger control. Overall, our results indicate that more economic approach applied post 2004 reform increased the...
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Energetika larev tří druhů čeledi Bibionidae
Frouz, Jan ; Šustr, Vladimír ; Kalčík, Jiří
Food consumption, defecation, assimilation and production were studied in three species of bibionid larvae (.i.Bibio marci, B. pomonae, Penthetria holosericea./i.) feeding either on leaf litter or their own excrements. Assimilation efficiency of larvae feeding on leaf litter was in all species higher then assimilation efficiency of the same species feeding on their own excrements. Larvae reared on excrements also lost weight, which indicated that excrements were insufficient as an exclusive source of energy. In .i. B. marci, P. holosericea./i. the effect of temperature on assimilation efficiency was studied. In .i. P. holosericea./i. assimilation efficiency decreased with increasing temperature. This trend was not observed in .i. B. marci. B. marci./i. was fed on pure cellulose to test if cellulose can serve as the only source of energy. Mortality of larvae feeding on cellulose was significantly higher than of those feeding on leaf litter and did not differ from starving larvae.
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Synthesis of xanthone derivatives by microwave-assisted methods
Vrbata, Petr ; Macháček, Miloš (advisor) ; Vinšová, Jarmila (referee)
Synthesis of Xanthone Derivatives by Microwave-assisted Methods Petr Vrbata This diploma thesis deals with preparation of xanthone derivatives as inhibitors of growth of human cancer cell lines. A new methodology for synthesis of dihydropyranoxanthones 1 and 2, based on the usage of heterogeneous catalysis combined with microwave irradiation, was optimized. This allowed decreasing significantly the reaction time and improving yields. Along with this the Grover, Shah and Shah method (J. Chem. Soc. 1955, 3982) for synthesis of xanthone derivatives was improved due to usage of microwave heating. Using this method a new xanthone derivate 5,8,10-trihydroxy-7H-benzo[c]xanthen-7-on (3) was prepared. Its structure was verified by IR, 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR spectra. O O O OH O O O OH O OH OHO OH 1 2 3
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Do humic substances reduce nitrite toxicity to fish?
VANĚČEK, Miloslav
The aim of this work was to verify the hypothesis that humic substances reduce toxicity of nitrite to fish. Under laboratory conditions, tests of acute toxicity were performed on aquarium fish: zebrafish (Danio rerio) and guppy (Poecilia reticulata). Fish were exposed to nitrite in the presence or absence of humic substance HS 1500. Nitrite was dosed as NaNO2. Preparation Dupla Cur (manufacturer Dohse Aquaristik KG) was a source of the humic substance (HS 1500). The preparation was tested in two different concentrations: 0.5 ml.l-1 and 1 ml.l-1. Toxicity tests were performed according to Czech standard ČSN EN ISO 7346-2. Based on the observed mortality in the acute toxicity tests, 96hLC50 values of sodium nitrite for selected species were calculated in the presence or absence of the tested preparation Dupla Cur. Tests on zebrafish showed a positive effect of Dupla Cur preparation at a concentration of 0.5 ml.l-1 on decreasing of nitrite toxicity. In this case 96hLC50 value was about 73 % higher than the value found in the test where the preparation was omitted. At a concentration of 1 ml.l-1 of the preparation a significantly positive effect was not observed. In the tests on guppy, an effect of Dupla Cur preparation on the toxicity of sodium nitrite was not observed. The tested humic substance does not have the same effect on all fish species. The effect depends on its concentration in the water.
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Adhesive force measurement of oligoester carriers II.
Podzimková, Šárka ; Šnejdrová, Eva (advisor) ; Mužíková, Jitka (referee)
The target of this work was to clear up the adhesiveness and viscosity of branched oligoesters of lactic acid and glycolic acid in ratio 1:1 and mannitol or dipentaerythritol as branching agent in concentration of 3%, 5% or 8%. The maximum force (Fmax) required to detache the polymer system from substrate was measured for determination of adhesiveness of oligoesters. During the tests on the Material testing machine Zwick/Roel T1-FR050TH.A1K were used different conditions - contact time, adhesive force and rate of the sample detachment from substrate. The viscosity was measured on the viscosimeter Brookfield DV-E with an adaptor for small sample amount. It was found that Fmax of branched oligoesters was significantly higher in comparison with frequently used polymer gels. The influence of the contact time on Fmax was not explicit, Fmax grew with increasing adhesive force and rate of detachment. With rising concentration of the branching agent in the molecule of oligoester the viscosity decreased. The viscosity of oligoesters branched 5% and 8% mannitol was much higher than those with dipentaerythritol. The incorporation of the drug into the various samples was not explicit. The swelling of the adhesive polymers led to the decrease of the viscosity.
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Flat tax
Spišský, Jakub ; Marková, Hana (advisor) ; Boháč, Radim (referee)
RESUMÉ Application of flat tax in the Slovak Republic causes better allocation of income to state budget and reduces rate of repartitionings of income in the society. Moreover, from a long-time aspect, it stimulates economic growth and creation of investments. From an individual's and companies' point of view, the flat tax eliminates progressive taxation, which up to now affected mainly those who enjoyed success - those with higher income in the society. On the other hand, the flat tax implementation requires that the more successful companies or individuals pay less and the less successful ones pay more than they would under the progressive tax system, for the state to raise the same amount of money. Implementation of the flat tax instead of the progressive taxationis an important step in the right direction, but deffinitely not the final station. There is still a lot of discussion going on about the fairness of this form of taxation. It is not entirely true that everyone who works and earns income deduct from their income 19%. The reason for this is the system of exemptions - nondeductable minimum and the tax bonus for a child, which makes it possible to reach a negative tax. The higher the nondeductable minimum, the higher the taxation differences. Flat rate significantly decreased progressivity in the...
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Design and verification of the intervention program for client with metabolic syndrome visiting Wellbeing Centre VŠTJ MEDICÍNA in České Budějovice
BENÝŠKOVÁ, Ivetta
Presented personal case study shows the effects of targeted intervention motion drawn up the plan and verifying its functionality for clients with severe metabolic syndrome. The client is a 39-year old obese (BMI of 32.3, height 164 cm, weight 87 kg) diabetic. Emphasis was placed on the program-controlled weight reduction exercise. The client for 13 weeks completed 53 hours of physical activity of aerobic and weight training character in 46 training units. The results confirm the success of case reports targeted exercise intervention in the therapy of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Significantly decreased the value of glycated hemoglobin, waist circumference shrank by 5 cm, total weight reduction amounted to 2 kg. Within three months, an improvement in client anthropometric, biochemical and cardiovascular indicators.
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