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The level of self-care patients after leg amputation
HONZÁRKOVÁ, Klára
This thesis deals with the issue of patients after the amputation of the lower limb. Loss of the lower limb means a great change for the patient, not only in understanding the integrity of one's own body, one's own health, but also from a functional point of view. The theoretical part of the thesis presents the latest available knowledge about lower limb amputation and postoperative care for patients with this diagnosis. It also deals with self-care, based on Dorotheus Orem's theory of self-care deficit. The aim of the work was to determine the level of self-care of patients after amputation of the lower limb using some aspects of D. E. Orem's model. To find out in what systems D.E. Orem's nurses support patients after the amputation of the lower limb in self-care and how to help nurses care for these patients. The research part of the thesis was realized through a qualitative research survey. The technique of data collection was a semi-structured interview with patients with amputation of the lower limb and nurses who provide nursing care for such ill persons. The theoretical basis for the interview was the DE Oremové model, which was complemented by the ADL (Activity Daily Living), IADL (Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale) and the analogue range of pain in the group of respondents - patients. The data obtained were processed in the form of transcripts of the interviews, which are supplemented by evaluation of individual scales. The output of the diploma thesis is a set of recommended measures and a proposal of a comprehensive information material on the amputation of the lower limb for patients, which the nurses should be available to their departments.
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Possibilities of physiotherapy of patients after stroke of paretic lower limb. Subtitle:Use of the elements of sensory motor stimulation
Chourová, Kateřina ; Šenderová, Karolína (advisor) ; Jeníček, Jakub (referee)
Author: Kateřina Chourová Tutor: Ing. Karolína Šenderová Opponent: Title of bachelor thesis: Possibilities of physiotherapy of patients after stroke of paretic lower limb Use of the elements of sensory motor stimulation Abstract: This thesis is focusing on sensory motor stimulation of paretic lower limb and trying to answer how these elements have influence on patients with the chronic stage due to the stroke. Objectification is performed by standardized tests such as the Dynamic Gait Test, Timed Up and Go etc. to objectify all the results. The theoretical part of study deals with the issue of stroke, a brief anatomy of the lower limb, the gait problems of patients after a stroke and describes methods which we can use to affect walking. The practical part of this work contains a methodology, basic issues, questions and my goals of the thesis and the criteria for selection of the patients. There is two case histories of patients who have completed ten therapies focusing on the elements of the sensory motor stimulation in the range of three weeks. Each of therapies was thirty minutes to one hour long. The main question of the thesis is evaluated with the help of standardized tests. Key words: stroke, physiotherapy, lower limb, sensory motor stimulation
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Lower Extremity Prosthetics and Possibilities for Cycling
Valenta, Jan ; Šolc, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Černý, Pavel (referee)
Title: Lower Extremity Prosthetics and Possibilities for Cycling Objectives: The main objective of this study is provide a comprehensive source of information of the lower limb prosthetics. Partial aims to demonstrate the possibilities of prosthetic devices in cycling options handicapped cyclists. Methods: This study is developed using a systematic research of adequate literature and electronic resources. Comprehensive information is presented in this study. Results: This study brought a rich source of information in the field of prosthetics legs, the principles of their production and subsequent use in cycling. It also describes the possibility of cycling for disabled athletes. Keywords: prosthetics, lower limb, amputation, cycling
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The history of development of lower limb prostheses with focus on sport
Hájek, Matyáš ; Hruša, Jan (advisor) ; Černý, Pavel (referee)
Title: The history of development of lower limb prostheses with focus on sport Objectives: The main aim of this bachelor thesis is to summarize the information about the history of development of lower limb prosthesis, in general way and also with the focus on selected sports. Methods: This thesis is mainly a literature review. For this very topic, there was used a method of collecting data out of scientific articles and literature and other publications concentrating on this topic. Results: The result of this thesis is a literature review, which can be used as a source of information, about the development of lower limb prosthesis with the focus on sport and for a general use. This task is made especially for the ones, who are interested in the history of lower limb prostheses connected with sport. Keywords: history, prosthesis, lower limb, handicap, sport
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Casuistry of physiotherapy treatment of a patient with the diagnosis of unilateral lower leg amputation
Macháčková Hassmannová, Kristina ; Reckziegelová, Petra (advisor) ; Vilda, Tomáš (referee)
Title: Casuistry of physiotherapy treatment of a patient with the diagnosis of unilateral lower leg amputation Aims: Aim of this bachelor thesis is to theoretically proces the lower limb amputation issue with the specialization on the lower leg amputation, to proces casuistry of physiotherapy treatment of a patient with this diagnosis with the therapy evaluation effect. Methods: The general part has been processed by the theoretical base recherche template for the lower limb amputation issues. I processed the definition of amputations theoretically, along with the anatomy of bones, muscles and the nerve and blood vessel supply to the lower leg, etiology, prevention, types, amputation complications and therapy. Special part of the thesis is formed by the casuistry of patient D.S. with the diagnosis of unilateral lower leg amputation. The casuistry originated as an outcome of my bachelor's practice at the Rehabilitation clinic Malvazinky from 18.1.2016 to 12.2.2016. It contains an anamnesis, kinesiological entry analysis, suggestion and therapy aims, nine therapeutical units, kinesiology input analysis and therapy effect evaluation. Outcomes: During the therapy, the patient improved in torso stability, correct breath wave practice, stump scar soft tissue relaxation, post amputation scar relaxation...
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Influence of a complex stretching exercise of lower limb on postural stability
Maier, Ludvík ; Žáková, Lenka (advisor) ; Vomáčková, Helena (referee)
Title: Influence of a complex stretching exercise of lower limb on postural stability Objectives:: The main objective of this diploma these is to find out, using dynamic computerized posturography, whether the increased mobility of the lower limbs has a positive influence on postural stability. Another partial objective is to determine efficiency of the practised stretching exercises. Methods: This is a pilot study where in research participated five probands whose measurement results were evaluated qualitatively. The aged of probands at the time of the first measurement was from 13 to 18 years. All probands are male volleyball league players and during the last two years occurred to a marked grow by all of them. Given their tall stature, it was expected a decrease in the mobility of the lower limbs and muscle shortening. To the data acquisition was used clinical examination of active range of motion and shortened muscle testing according to Janda. Postural stability was measured using computerized dynamic posturography SMART EquiTest System from Neurocom. Measured data were processed using the program NeuroCom Balance Manager software. In the Framework of study were conducted two intrumental measurements in the range of two months. After the first measurement all probands were instructed how to...
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Electromyographic analysis of selected muscles of lower extremity of kitesurfers.
Mašková, Klára ; Pánek, David (advisor) ; Malá, Jitka (referee)
Title: Electromyographic analysis of selected muscles of lower extremity of kitesurfers. Objective: The goal of thesis is to determine muscle groups, which are the most active during the kitesurfing position and compare the values in increasing time spent in this position. Furthermore, to determine a degree of co-contraction level between m. quadriceps femoris and m. biceps femoris. According to the enlarging number of riders in kitesurfing population the goal is to compare results between professional and recreant riders and determine statisticaly significant differences. Methods: This thesis is a case study, where is analyzed the degree of muscle aktivity of lower extremity during the kitesurfing position. The research involved 6 persons of very specific selection consisted of professional riders and recreants. As an objectification method surface electromyography had been chosen and the normalized value between m. quadriceps femoris, m. gluteus maximus, m. biceps femoris, m. tibialis anterior, m. gastrocnemius and m. trapezius had been evaluated. Findings: The measurement results showed that the most active muscle during the kitesurfing position is m. quadriceps femoris of stance lower extremity even though after long-term stay. Furthemore, the results showed that professional riders apply more...
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Options of using physiotherapy at patients with amputation of their lower limb
ROŽNOVJÁKOVÁ, Tereza
This bachelor deals with the possibilities of the use of physiotherapy at patients with amputation of the leg. The loss of the lower limb has a major influence on change in postural stability. Despite the prosthetic equipment patient has impaired proprioception, which is reflected to the pathological walk with compensatory mechanism. We are trying to return a person to normal life with minimal disabilities using specific physiotherapy methods with adequate training and stability. In the theoretical part there is a summary description of amputation and its influence on postural stability, further I deal with protetics options, where I am closely describing the use of functional and posturograf tests. In the end I deal with physiotherapeutics prosthetic equipment and methods applied in practice. The aim of the practical part is to assess the changes in postural stability with the use of the instruments with a biological feedback and to map out the qualitative and quantitative parameters of walking of patients with lower limb amputations. For the practical part have been selected qualitative research, which includes case reports of two patients with transfemoral amputations and one transtibial of the lower limb. Both input and output examination includes a complete analysis of kinesiologic, functional tests with posturography examination of postural stability. Each patient attended 10 individual therapies to increase the stability. The results were compared between input and output of tests. All patient's postural stability has been positively affected with a slight improvement in posture. Despite the regular therapy we didn't suceed to change the pathological components. This state can be caused by the prothesis, which was by all patients described as unsatisfing. Bachelor thesis may be used by students of physiotherapy for extension of their knowledge, or they can apply the knowledge during their practice. It can also be used as educational material for patients who are interested in the issue.
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