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Prevention of Diabetes Mellitus I. type in childhood
Doudová, Šárka ; Černá, Marie (advisor)
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is among autoimmune disease that primarily affects children and young people. when This disease leads to the destruction of B-cells Pancreatic islets of Langerhans which are responsible for insulin secretion. Its deficiency leads to disturbances metabolism of carbohydrates and other nutrients . The destruction of B- cells occurs gradually and the first clinical symptoms appear only when destruction of a percentage of B- cells of the pancreas . after the outbreak difficulties the patient becomes dependent on exogenous life insulin administration . The incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus is increasing worldwide and There are significant differences between geographic countries. This suggests that the pathogenesis of the disease have undoubtedly a great influence environmental factors. important role Genetic factors also play a immunological mechanisms. In my work I try to outline the possibilities of prevention as it related prediction type 1 diabetes mellitus . describe primarily genetic , and immunological markers , which can be used to predict genetic risk and to monitor the period before the manifestation of the disease. I mention also the possibilities of primary prevention, which is not currently yet only at the experimental field. Within the secondary Prevention describes...
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Technologie výroby a hodnocení jakosti šunek
Nezvalová, Klára
The name of the Bachelor's thesis is the Technology of production and quality evaluation of hams, and it focuses primarily on cooked hams. Nevertheless, other types are characterized and described, too, especially the dried cured ham, which is popular abroad. All issues connected to the product are included, from its classification with the meat products, definition, ingredients, and technology of production, to the evaluation of its quality using laboratory methods. The Prague ham is now the most famous Czech ham, typical for its ingredients and technology of production. Nowadays, some attempts develop to put it on the list of guaranteed traditional specialities. The source rump plays the most important role in the production of soft smoked ham, while its quality is influenced not only by the feedstuff of the livestock, but also by manufacturing of meat itself. Moreover, the appropriate ratio of additives plays a significant role, together with the proper storage in the right temperatures. These aspects then affect the resulting quality of the product, which is checked by sensory analysis and laboratory methods.
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Security of Enterprise VoIP Telephony Networks
Šolc, Jiří ; Pavlíček, Luboš (advisor)
This thesis focuses on enterprise VoIP telephony network security. Introduces brief comparison of old analog and digital voice networks and IP telephone networks with special focus on VoIP system security. The goal of the thesis is to identify the risks of implementation and operation of VoIP technologies in enterprise environment and so thesis brings some conclusion how to minimalize or avoid these risks. First two chapters briefly introduce the development of telephony technologies with differentiation of enterprise telephone network from public telephone networks. Further it describes individual technologies, digitalization of voice, processing the signal and VoIP protocols and components. Third chapter focuses on infrastructure of telephony networks with special interest for architecture of IP telephony and ways of establishing call processing. It describes data flows for further security risk analysis, which this technology came with. Fifth chapter is about enterprise security standards in common and is trying to describe information security management system (ISMS) adopting VoIP technology. Individual security threats and risks are described in sixth chapter, along with known methods how to avoid them. Final parts of thesis concludes of two real situation studies of threats and risks of VoIP technologies implemented in environment of small commercial enterprise and medium size enterprise, in this example represented by University of economics. These chapters conclude theoretical problems shown on practical examples.
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Expected Loss Modelling
Marada, Tomáš ; Franěk, Petr (advisor)
In this work we describe common credit risk models including all necessary mathematical theory. We extensively study Markov chains, especially homogeneous continuous-time Markov chains. The main contribution of the thesis is an extension of Markov chain modeling into stochastic time - so called time change. This extension allows us to capture better the system dynamics and introduce inhomogeneity into the model in a very elegant way. For practical modeling we derive many parameter estimators under dierent approaches to the time modeling. Further, we demonstrate the performance of these estimators on real data and simulation. At the end of the thesis we suggest some directions for further research.
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The role of the active politics of employment in the course of the support of beginning entrepreneurs
VALVODOVÁ, Jana
The unemployment is an important economic as well as social problem which has a negative influence on not only the unemployed and their family but also our society. The society is trying to face up to the unemployment through a lot of ways. Measures of the active politics of employment are one of the possibilities of an increase in the employment rate. One of the tools of the active politics of employment is a contribution toward the creation of a socially efficient self-employment job. The purpose of this thesis was to conduct a survey of problems of the tools of the active politics of employment related to a support of beginning entrepreneurs. The first partial aim was to analyse the beginning entrepreneurs supported by these tools in South Bohemia. The second partial aim was to get a feedback from the beginning entrepreneurs supported by these tools of the active politics of employment in the Pisek District in the years 2007 through 2011 about how this support from the Employment Office helped them at the start of a business. The research part first included a secondary analysis of data related to the provision of the contribution toward the creation of the socially efficient self-employment job in South Bohemia. Then the data from the respondents who had received the given contribution were gathered through the qualitative research. The research included 11 participants who concluded a contract concerning the support given to the beginning entrepreneurs in the Pisek District after 2007. The findings result in the fact that some unemployed people can assert themselves at the market only if they start a business. All respondents agreed that this contribution had helped them at the start of their business even though the amount had not been large enough for many of them. The findings of the thesis bring information on the contribution toward the creation of the socially efficient self-employment job and the analysis of the information within South Bohemia. The findings can become a base for other researches related to the tools of the active politics of employment and they can also be used as a feedback for the Employment Office of the Czech Republic.
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Methods of the calculation of Value at Risk for the market and credit risks
Štolc, Zdeněk ; Witzany, Jiří (advisor) ; Paholok, Igor (referee)
This thesis is focused on a theoretical explication of the basic methods of the calculation Value at Risk for the market and credit risk. For the market risk there is in detail developed the variance -- covariance method, historical simulation and Monte Carlo simulation, above all for the nonlinear portfolio. For all methods the assumptions of their applications are highlighted and the comparation of these methods is made too. For the credit risk there is made a theoretical description of CreditMetrics, CreditRisk+ and KMV models. Analytical part is concerned in the quantification of Value at Risk on two portfolios, namely nonlinear currency portfolio, which particular assumptions of the variance -- covariance method a Monte Carlo simulation are tested on. Then by these methods the calculation of Value at Risk is realized. The calculation of Credit Value at Risk is made on the portfolio of the US corporate bonds by the help of CreditMetrics model.
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Regional Differentiations at Development Level of Small and Medium Enterprising in the Czech Republic
Křápková, Irena ; Wokoun, René (advisor) ; Habermanová, Blanka (referee)
Předmětem mé diplomové práce je ?Regionální diferenciace v úrovni rozvoje malého a středního podnikání v České republice?. Cíle diplomové práce lze charakterizovat následovně ? zjistit, jaké faktory mají vliv na rozvoj malého a středního podnikání, specifikovat podmínky, za kterých lze začít s podnikatelskou činností ve 3 vybraných krajích, které ovlivňují a utvářejí podnikatelské prostředí, dále vymezit a definovat ty přednosti nebo nedostatky a možná pozitivní i negativní rizika, které mohou působit na rozvoj podnikání. V neposlední řadě se budu věnovat činnosti státu jako prostředku podpory malým a středním podnikatelům. Pro srovnání jsem si zvolila kraj Hl.m. Praha, Jihomoravský a Liberecký. Rovněž uvádím praktický příklad v oboru podnikání výstavy a veletrhy, hodnocení provádím na třech podnicích sídlících v krajích Hl.m. Praha, Jihomoravském a Libereckém. Diplomová práce je rozdělena na dvě části. První část je věnována především definicím a klasifikacím malých a středních podniků, stručné charakteristice vybraných krajů z pohledu makroekonomických veličin a programům podpor malým a středním podnikům. Druhá část je věnována vybraným krajům a v nich působícím firmám.
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Credit Risk in the Macroprudential Framework: Three Essays
Seidler, Jakub ; Dědek, Oldřich (advisor) ; Witzany, Jiří (referee) ; Komárek, Luboš (referee) ; Schmieder, Christian (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Social Sciences Institute of Economic Studies Credit Risk in the Macroprudential Framework: Three Essays DISSERTATION Author: PhDr. Jakub Seidler Supervisor: prof. Ing. Oldřich Dědek, CSc Academic Year: 2011/2012 Abstract This thesis focuses on proper credit risk identification with respect to macroprudential policies, which should mitigate systemic risk accumulation and contribute to higher financial stability of the financial sector. The first essay deals with a key credit risk parameter - Loss Given Default (LGD). We illustrate how the LGD can be estimated with the help of an adjusted Mertonian structural approach. We present a derivation of the formula for expected LGD and show its sensitivity analysis with respect to other company structural parameters. Finally, we estimate the five-year expected LGDs for companies listed on Prague Stock Exchange and find that the average LGD for the analyzed sample is around 20-50%. The second essay examines the issue of how to determine whether the observed level of private sector credit is excessive in the context of the "countercyclical capital buffer", a macroprudential tool proposed in the new regulatory framework of Basel III by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision. An empirical analysis of selected Central and...
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Food preference of the moose (\kur{Alces alces}) at zoological gardens
ŠERÁKOVÁ, Veronika
The thesis deals with food preferences of elk (Alces alces) in Czech zoological gardens and contains observation of food preferences in zoo Hluboká nad Vltavou. The results are compared with food offer and preference in the wilds described in literature. The first part of the thesis is aimed at literary review about elk, its characteristic, categorization, distribution and biology. It is focused mainly on the studies dealing with feeding habits and food preferences of elk in the wilds and captivity. The second part describes observation of food preferences of three elks in zoo Hluboká nad Vltavou, provided during 10 feedings. The food quality and composition of feed ration was also evaluated not only in zoo Hluboká nad Vltavou, but also in zoo Praha and zoo Brno (based on information from local zoo keepers). Analysis of variance showed that there are differences in feeding latency between various types of food. Elks preferred dried herbs, carrot and oak bark. On the contrary, elks did not preferred oat flakes and both granules for giraffes and elks. Recommendation for feed ration improving, including also food preferences of the elk were also suggested.
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Monitoring of radiation stress of pacients during radiographic examination in FNKV Prague
SEDINOVÁ, Monika
Abstract In my Bachelor´s thesis I dealt with the X-ray burden to which patients were exposed during the skiagraphic examination at the Radiodiagnostic Clinic of the Královské Vinohrady Teaching Hospital in 2008 and 2009. The goal of the thesis was to optimize the dose of X-rays during skiagraphic examination, while maintaining the highest possible quality of the skiagram, and to propose an optimum solution in terms of the control of exposure of the population. I have tried to compare the radiation burden on the patients in analogue and digital skiagraphy using standart protective aids, and to analyze the radiation burden on the patients during skiagraphic examinations. Calculations partly confirmed the hypothesis that the radiation burden on the patients may be reduced not only by setting appropriate exposure parameters, but mainly through different image systems and their optimization
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