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Produkční a ekonomické hodnocení pěstování cukrovky při různých způsobech zpracování půdy
Jašková, Sabina
Sugar beet belongs to group of very importat crops in the agrotechnical and an economic terms. This dissertation deals with the evaluation of different variants of land processing and their influence on the amount of yield, sugar content and economy of sugar beet cultivation. The main experiment was conducted at the experimental field station in Žabčice. The evaluation was based on field experiment AGRO 2. As part of the crop rotation sugar beet was grown after winter wheat. Three variants of land processing were evaluated I. -- Classical with plowing, II. - Minimization technology (loosening), III. - Minimization technology (direct sowing). Three different methods of land processing were compared. Results achieved in years 2012 - 2014 were evaluated. Evaluation of the results showed that influence of land processing on yield of tubers was not statistically evidential. The highest avarage yield was found in the traditional processing with plowing. Influence of land processing was not statistically evidential even at the yield of rosette of leaves, but it was statistically evidential at sugar content. A certain tendency of increasing the sugar content at a lower land processing treatment was proven. Influence of the year was statistically evidential. Above standard was yield at the end of year 2014. After evaluation of the economic indicators of sugar beet, we can say that higher yields and the highest sales per 1 hectar were achieved, thanks to the classic land processing. Results of the study show that there is certain possibility of reducing depth and intensity of land processing for sugar beets. Of course the priority is to achieve good returns at lower costs. Minimal land processing is relatively fast expanding, and both ecological and economic advantages are connected with it.
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Complex Treatment of Patients with Bechterew´s Syndrome
ARCIMOVIČOVÁ, Petra
The bachelor thesis titled "Complex Treatment of Patients with Bechterew´s Syndrome" suggests therapeutic possibilities of the disease. Bechterew´s syndrome is a frequent topic of scientific papers but the complexity of treatment is not always considered. A major part of the theoretical section presents the disease with its signs and symptoms, and also discusses the much debated causes, the progression and phases of the disease. The thesis focuses on the psychosomatic approach; it discusses potential influences and other factors, specifically genetic and antigen factors, a potential connection with bacterial diseases, the function of intestinal microflora and its relation to dietary habits. Another important topic is influence of specific personality traits, as well as the implication of the patient´s social interactions in the early childhood on the behaviour in an adult age. The research results in five examinations of patients with Bechterew´s syndrome including personal history, kinesiology examination and a two-hour interview with each patient. The data are qualitatively analyzed. There are two research questions: the first explores which physical, psychological, social and spiritual factors may improve the disease; the second looks into factors which may aggravate it. On the one hand, in the majority of cases the most important factors seem to be the diet, physical activity, specific personality traits and faith in God. On the other hand, the diversity of patients - interviews with patients taking place in a spa, a rehabilitation centre, at home - leads to very different personal opinions and feelings. The last interview, number 6, offers a homeopathic point of view. In spite of the fact that the research sample is relatively small, the research data are very useful, even though no definite conclusions can be made. The thesis may contribute to the knowledge of health workers specializing in the treatment of Bechterew´s syndrome and to the training of physical therapists.
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Y chromosome in the mouse hybrid zone
Rubík, Pavel ; Munclinger, Pavel (advisor) ; Zemanová, Barbora (referee)
The contact zone between subspecies of house mouse Mus musculus musculus and Mus musculus domesticus is one of the most intensively studied hybrid zones. It is also due to extensive introgression of the Y chromosome of M. m. musculus subspecies to the genetic background of M. m. domesticus. One theory of the origin of the introgression explains it by intragenomic conflict between the sexes. With a set of variable microsatellite markers on the Y chromosome, I have examined the validity of this theory by simple approaches revealing the history of the introgression area. It turned out that overly big variability of our markers makes the revelation of this theory impossible. Our markers have been found suitable for use in the analysis of population structure of house mouse. Thanks to them, we can identify migrants between localities and estimate the level of closeness of the population structure in relation to migrants from the neighborhood. Populations in our analysis proved to be relatively closed and resistant to the influx of migrants. Despite the conclusions of previous research where the dispersion of males ran up to one kilometer, I have discovered a relatively large number of migrations to a distance of thirty kilometers. Keywords Mus musculus musculus, Mus musculus domesticus, Y chromosome,...
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Sperm strategies in rodents
Šandera, Martin
Rodents exhibit diverse biology, mating systems and diverse sperm morphology. Different levels of sperm competition have therefore been found in this group. Generally, it is accepted that sperm competition in animals causes the prolongation of sperm tails. However, what other sperm morphological adaptations in rodents are affected by sperm competition? Species-specific sexual selection likely optimizes sperm morphology. Sperm physiology, morphology and competition may be influenced, ultimately, by environmental factors. This Ph.D. thesis focuses on sperm competition in murine rodents. The thesis contains three research articles (including one as a submitted manuscript). In addition, another published article, partialy related to the topic of this thesis, is represented in the Appendix. The sperm morphology in rodents plays an important role in sperm competition. Longer tails and apical hooks are usually found in the species with relatively larger testes and with higher percentage of multiple paternity (i.e. rate of promiscuity), that is in species with the higher risk of sperm competition. The goal of the first study was to investigate the relationships between relative testis weight and sperm traits (apical hook and tail lengths and variance in this traits). The apical hook length was positively...
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Vliv PUFA n-3 na expresi genů kódujících proteiny řídící homeostázu cholesterolu
Hyblerová, Dagmar
The aim of this study was to confirm that the polyunsaturated fatty acids n-3 (n-3 PUFA) have a positive effect on plasma lipids. These acids can reduce cholesterol by increasing gene expression Insig-1 while decreasing the expression of genes encoding Hmgcr and Ldlr. We tested in experimental rats, which were added to the feed mixture of 6 % safflower oil , 6 % fish oil or 6 % of the oil from the algae Schizochytrium. Relative gene expression was Insig-1 in the test group with addition of fish oil to 120% of controls (P<0.05) and in the group with addition of oils from algae Schizochytrium the relative expression of 170 % of control (P<0.05). These results confirm our hypothesis, only a part, as the relative expression of the gene and Hmgcr and Ldlr was in the test group with addition of fish oil 103% (P>0.05) and 101 % of control (P>0.05) and in the group with addition of oils from algae Schizochytrium the relative expression of 117% (P>0.05) and 156 % (P>0.05) compared to control. Thus, to reduce the relative expression of these genes did not. However, we have shown that n-3 PUFA contribute to a reduction in plasma cholesterol and in this case up to 20 % of control. The concentration of cholesterol in the group with addition of safflower oil was 1.35 mmol.l-1, the group with the addition of fish oil 0.98 mmol.l-1.
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British policy towards South Africa during the premiership of Margaret Thatcher
Lellák, Jan ; Váška, Jan (advisor) ; Smetana, Vít (referee)
This bachelor thesis "British Policy towards South Africa during the premiership of Margaret Thatcher, 1979-1990" attempts to describe and evaluate the most important influences that shaped the policy-making towards South Africa during the premiership of Margaret Thatcher. The emphasis is placed on describing the factors that led to the imposition of sanctions against the South Africa's apartheid regime. It considers the various factors that influenced the policy- making, especially in the economic, political, social, strategic and normative-value areas. Foreign policy towards South Africa was a relatively important part of the premiership of Margaret Thatcher especially in the context of the Cold War. Thatcher, thanks to her opposition to the sanctions, was frequently criticised both at home and abroad. She insisted that the British government consistently pursued its interests in South Africa by promoting a policy of constructive engagement, which attempted to reduce the impact they had on the government in Pretoria. Thatcher's period coincides approximately with the period of breakup of the apartheid regime in South Africa. This adds an additional angle from which the formation of British policy towards South Africa during the end of the Cold War can be viewed.
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Recyclation of Plastics
Lasota, Ondřej ; Němec, Karel (referee) ; Molliková, Eva (advisor)
Plastic materials thanks to their properties like strength, durability, versatility and relatively low cost has gained this much popularity. With their constantly increasing amounts contribute to the waste. Most frequent method of waste disposal is landfill, which is due to plastic’s durability undesirable and causes serious problem for the environment. This bachelor thesis focuses on the use of secondary raw materials obtained from polymer waste. Large amounts of generated polymer waste can be appropriately designed methods processed to produce fuel, to modify asphalt mix and to reinforce concrete. Different methods are analyzed and their advantages and disadvantages are shown.
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The Aspirations and Ascent of George Washington in the Context of His Times: From His Early Years to the End of the Revolutionary War
Sýkora, Stanislav ; Raková, Svatava (advisor) ; Calda, Miloš (referee) ; Kovář, Martin (referee)
George Washington's relatively obscure beginnings did not preclude him from admiring and acquainting himself with chivalrous role models and genteel guidelines. Longing for recognition, Washington sought opportunities to serve his influential patrons to merit their further approbation. The dissertation sets Washington's aspirations in the context of honor-based sociocultural milieu of his day and thus provides the reader with an insight into the conventional aspects of his ascent to the upper echelons of the colonial society of Virginia. At the time of the Revolution, Washington's military reputation, leadership, and admirable character earned him a unanimous election to the chief command of the American armies. The complexity of Washington's venture of accepting, exercising, and ultimately resigning the supreme military powers in relation to his reputation and sense of patriotic duty is thoroughly analyzed. Key words: George Washington, convention, ascent, ambition, patriotism, virtue
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Quantification of basic and special nursing care on ICV (Intensive care unit)
VEBEROVÁ, Nikola
The topic of the Bachelor Thesis is ?Quantification method of basic and special nursing care at an anaesthetic/resuscitation department?. Resuscitation and intensive care provides treatment to patients threatened or affected by failure of basic life functions and ensures their inevitable support or temporary substitution. In most cases this is a reversible state. These patients fully depend on health care staff that provides complex nursing care. The basic nursing care requires general skills and specific ability to recognize urgent clinical situations and respond to them properly. According to the Maslow?s hierarchy of needs these are physiological needs and safety needs. Specialized nursing care ensures diagnostic, therapeutic and monitoring procedures. The extent of the nursing care depends on the patient?s clinical condition. The thesis consists of a theoretical part and a research part. The theoretical part deals with development of the field of anaesthesiology and resuscitation from the very beginning in antiquity to the present, its organizational structure and the nursing care provided at an anaesthesiology/resuscitation department. The ?Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System? (TISS) method was used in the research, which is connected with the ?Nursing Care Quantification Method? elaborated by PhDr. Karla Pochylá and Ing. Otakar Pochylý. The research examination was performed by qualitative and quantitative methods. Data collection method, namely observation, was used as the qualitative method. The research sample consisted of 7 respondents whose respiration insufficiency was the main reason for resuscitation care involving artificial lung ventilation. The activities of the basic nursing care (not related to TISS scores) and the activities of special nursing care (related to TISS scores) were determined by the quantitative method. Time measurements of these activities were performed, and average values and standard deviations were determined from them. The aim of the work was to determine the average time demand of basic nursing care as well as the average time demand of special nursing care. The research shows that the basic care not related to the TISS method has a large proportion in working hours and insufficient remuneration of nurses. The contribution of the obtained results for the practice is in updating of the average time demand of the basic and special nursing care in the conditions of the present nursing care at an anaesthetic/resuscitation department. The basic care has proven to be more time consuming than special care. However we should also mention that these results were obtained from a relatively small sample of patients, which is why such measurements should be performed on a larger group of patients to gain more precise results. As the measured values depend on patient?s current condition as well as on his/her additional health problems (obesity, renal insufficiency, bronchial asthma etc) determination of the average time demand of the individual procedures on model groups of patients would be appropriate. Inspiration by the system elaborated in neighbouring Germany would also contribute to improvement of basic and special care quality. It is able to respond flexibly both, to patient?s clinical condition and to the caring staff needs, thanks to continuous everyday analysis of nursing care time demand.
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Transition from regular to chaotic motion in black hole magnetospheres
Kopáček, Ondřej ; Karas, Vladimír (advisor) ; Kulhánek, Petr (referee) ; Rezzolla, Luciano (referee)
Cosmic black holes can act as agents of particle acceleration. We study properties of a system consisting of a rotating black hole immersed in a large-scale organized magnetic field. Electrically charged particles in the immediate neighborhood of the horizon are influenced by strong gravity acting together with magnetic and induced electric components. We relax several constraints which were often imposed in previous works: the magnetic field does not have to share a common symmetry axis with the spin of the black hole but they can be inclined with respect to each other, thus violating the axial symmetry. Also, the black hole does not have to remain at rest but it can instead perform fast translational motion together with rotation. We demonstrate that the generalization brings new effects. Starting from uniform electro-vacuum fields in the curved spacetime, we find separatrices and identify magnetic neutral points forming in certain circumstances. We suggest that these structures can represent signatures of magnetic reconnection triggered by frame-dragging effects in the ergosphere. We further investigate the motion of charged particles in these black hole magnetospheres. We concentrate on the transition from the regular motion to chaos, and in this context we explore the characteristics of chaos in...
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