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From the sensual experience to the transcendental one in the selected works by: A. Gide and J.M.G. Le Clézio
Vrchovecká, Jana ; Jamek, Václav (advisor) ; Voldřichová - Beránková, Eva (referee)
Jana Vrchovecká: From the sensual experience to the transcendental one The tradition of sensualism or vitalism is rarely represented in the French literature. During the twentieth century several authors tried to revive this tendency. The first apologist was André Gide, whose work Les Nourritures terrestres (1893) was considered as a doctrine of the sensual attitude, and for its spiritual overlap it was even called The New evangel. The deification of the material aspect of the reality becomes the link with the last holder of the Nobel Literature Prize: Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio. In his early essay: L'Extase matérielle (1968) he also exalts the sensual experience as the base of the transcendental one. The first part of the work compares the authors' sensual attitude in the mentioned works by the analyse of the particular senses. The synchronic participation of all them should provoke the second state of consciousness whose first grade is the ecstasy and the most desired one is the prophetic mind. The second part analyses the factors that contribute to this double objective. The necessary condition is the anchoring in the present moment. Both the authors worship the cult of the Sun which substitutes the traditional notion of the God. However, the individual must also cut out the bonds that impede...
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Political philosophy of Lord Acton and its influence on the political thought of 20th century
Virdzek, Andrej ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Šimsa, Martin (referee)
The Bachelor thesis presented here is concerned with the political philosophy of British historian Lord Acton and its influence on the political thought of 20th century. The aim of the thesis was to present Actons political thought in the environment of 19th century Britain and to show its influence on the political thought of 20th century. Actons political philosophy was concerned with many problems of Victorian age and his philosophy deals with many contemporary and historical issues. Because of this, I had to put emphasis only on some aspects of Actons political thought. Mainly on the theoretical fusion of Catholicism and Liberalism. The thesis is divided into three parts: In the first part I present Actons conception of liberty. Through the term of liberty I try to show the basis of his liberal philosophy. Every attempt to systematize Actons philosophy must start mainly with this term of liberty, because it was central in his thinking. Also his understanding of the word liberty is one of the things that distinguishes Acton from other thinkers, because it implicitly contains main premises of ethical teachings of the church. The second part talks mainly about Actons evaluation of the French revolution. I find this historical event very interesting and indespensable in the way that it presents to us how...
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Rousseau and his Influence on the French Revolution
Pravda, Petr ; Znoj, Milan (advisor) ; Šimsa, Martin (referee)
The "rigorózní" thesis focuses on the evaluation of Rousseau's legacy. It is based on the confrontation of two adverse pictures of his ideas. The first image sees Rousseau as a thinker who prepared with his original concepts fertile ground for diverse undemocratic regimes and ideologies. These always declare their allegiance to the loftiest ideals but only to perpetrate the biggest crimes and to deprive people of their liberty. The second image sees in Rousseau an uncompromising critic of social injustice who saw the only possibility for redemption in liberty and equality. In this case he was one of the most important thinkers who inspired people on the road to the victory of democracy and an author whose original ideas still keep to inspire and to fascinate. I argue in favor of the second picture. Rousseau's critique of the moral crisis is based on the disunity of modern social man. This disunity stems from the incessant conflict between our natural nature and the social state. Rousseau saw the only solution in the adaptation of the original nature to the new social state. This can be achieved only through an affective bond to a political whole. Just so can man keep his liberty which represents the basic value of his existence. In society it is no more a case of absolute freedom but of conscious obedience...
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The question of liberty and obedience in the work of Saint Ignatius of Loyola
Antošíková, Dagmar ; Sánchez Fernández, Juan Antonio (advisor) ; Housková, Anna (referee)
Title: The Question of Liberty and Obedience in the Work of Saint Ignatius of Loyola Abstract: The thesis investigates the question of liberty and obedience in the work of Saint Ignatius of Loyola and offers a basic survey of the literary heritage of the great Spanish mystic. Three of his works (Spiritual Exercises, Autobiography and Constitutions) and two letters dealing with obedience have been used as the sources and analyzed. In conclusion, the obedience and liberty in the interpretation of Saint Ignatius of Loyola are in substantial agreement and compatibility in the sense of inner freedom according to the Christian traditions. Saint Ignatius' contribution to the mystic literature was the fact that he emphasized one's own experience as the individual experience of an autonomous personality. Rather than to describe in detail his own ecstatic feeling he aspired to capture a day-to-day mysticism and his intensive pursuit of God's will. Key words: Loyola (St. Ignatius of), obedience, liberty, Spiritual Exercises, Autobiography, Constitutions, mystic literature.
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Timelessness
Svoboda, Jonáš ; Turek, Filip (referee) ; Cenek, Filip (advisor)
Calm film tries to be a kind of portrait of a young free life in the city. Freedom, upachtěnosti. It's a portrait of notes from phone, lemonade flavored with emptiness. Humbly evaporate. Passionate amateurism, because the toilet are not alone, there is with thee Wittgenstein. The fact that we saw a squirrel as a mouse eats. The fact that when we go to town, so we are pretty huge. The fact that it all actually means something. "Vynuděnej klidňák" Lord hate emotions and Jagr afloat bet. The fact that I have one whole night inhaled Pizza Hawaii, which became Pizza Pearl Harbour because I fell asleep. The fact that it is good then the rest of charcoal dance. About how he met at kávomatu dudes, gunk and artificial intelligence to agreed that hate and love must prevail over truth and falsehood. Instead, after a quill on the bottom of the crucible DNA they found God. Then came the doorman and said that the school is non-smoking. And then there is the moment when we lack love, peace, and we have a long time we were visiting. The fact that we were in rehab and has since everyone involved. The fact that Tomas přidělal the old wheel chair and wrote on it "ZEUS". Contemplation of revolting tag Elektro Planeo on the wall. Because staring contest with the camera is a job like any other. The fact that my vegetables says I'm outside because he hates anyone who is interesting. A tag is an interesting question - "is not a vegetable shit?" Humor in the joy of grief. Because I have sympathy with the man who has read this. Something is simply in a poem trapped and can not get out. The method of the Hitler-Stalin-Picasso, the smell and pain, emptiness and dullness, sabotage and nervousness, contactless man, colorful variety of residues of superpowers in said "yes" and the superhero resistant to alcohol. Nuclear metaphysics in a world where the Lord God far and high. In the role of a collector's Bizarre man playing Lord dimes with the task to deliver power to the last ten-kávomatu fate. The Old Man and the wine, which put on a fag and he will tell you that genius is hiding at the bottom, vigilance and misunderstanding diletující memory and increasingly sadder smile. Nasty weather and the feeling that "next door is fucking nations" - (Paul Ondračka - The celebration of music and poetry). Method free stream of consciousness portrayed as a method of glaciers. The fact that the last time I lost my laptop when I tried if underwater works wifi. Dementia and escape from evil - as far as possible. Trying to focus, at least for a while. Since I was working basically a documentary (- the film's treatment of captured video archives), the choice of media video-essays, hence the film entirely clear. The illustrated try to look out of their personal, participant of view, but also with a "judgmental - documentary apart." I inspiration for creating Calm sought mainly in the work of Werner Herzog, Karel Vachek and their relation to the relativity of truth and nature. Compared with its previous results, which were more experimental in nature evaluate his work as a targeted and focused. The aim of the work is a portrait of the place, time and people. He has absolutely no practical benefit, except perhaps enrich the viewer's soul and portrait modes.
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The Order of Libertarian Society
Chudoba, Matěj ; Pavlík, Ján (advisor) ; Vlček, Miroslav (referee)
This thesis discusses the possibility of social order based strictly on market and liberty principles, thus without a state hegemony. Firstly It's said that the rules of social order don't have to be necessarily products of legislation. That implies that stateless society doesn't mean that rules don't exist at all. Next the thesis explains fundamental principles of libertarian ethics -- self-ownership, homesteading and non-aggression principle. These principles give us the answer why state is an institution incompatible with individuals' rights. In the last chapter, thesis discusses the possibilities of private providing of some public services and goods, which are provided by the state these days. Conclusion is that these public goods don't differ from any other goods provided on private basis, so institution of state isn't that vital as we are forced to believe.
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Rawls versus Nozick: Theory of Justice as Fairness, or Entitlement
PILNÁ, Martina
This work deals with the different concepts of justice that are presented by works of John Rawls and Robert Nozick. Seeing that they are liberal authors, the first chapter is devoted to liberalism and its forms. Rawls is presented as a supporter of modern liberalism and Nozick is presented as a representative of classical liberalism, concretely libertarianism. The second chapter discusses how both authors describe natural state. The third chapter is devoted to it how Rawls and Nozick talk about conception of liberty. The following chapter describes and compares their theories of justice: justice as fairness and justice as entitlement. The fifth chapter deals with the final reflection on the theories of both authors. There are presented various reactions and interpretations of the mentioned theories. At the same time, there is shown considerable asset of Rawls?s Theory of Justice and Nozick?s Anarchy, State and Utopia which both influenced political-philosophical discussion.
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Urban camera supervising system: personal safety protection or the loss of privacy?
CANDRA, Martin
The diploma thesis deals with one of the precautions of criminality - Urban camera supervising system, which is constantly more often used in cities and villages in the public. Together with the requirements of citizens to secure their safety it brings the risk of privacy loss. The main intention of this thesis is to place the Urban camera supervising system into the focus point of the dilemma between two basic human rights: the right of human privacy and personal safety right. Next to the description of the terms privacy and safety, the writer examines the harmony of legal regulations of Urban camera supervising system with the concept of human liberty and the status of the state in the point of securing human safety. This thesis thinks of the problem by empirical facts and different theoretical aspects of political philosophy and political thinking, especially liberalism and conservatism. The thesis also looks into the quality of the connection between the citizen and local public administration in the realization of the project of Urban camera supervising system.
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DALTON PLAN, its realization and application as of a System of Education
CHLEBNÍČKOVÁ, Petra
DALTON PLAN, its application and realization as of an educational system This work brings results of a survey of the realization and application of the dalton plan as of an educational system in czech and foreign schools. It concentrates on the impact of the enforcement of the principles of this system on school teachers and directors but mainly on students and their parents. It characterizes the specifications of the dalton plan in the Czech Republic and contrasts them, above all, with dalton in Holland but also with other countries in the world. The theoretical part of this work summarizes facts concerning history, principles, personalities and places connected with dalton. The practical part follows the ultimate methods used at different school stages, benefits and problems linked with application of dalton methods at schools. This work also involves some ideas and quotes some teachers of the dalton schools, which I have visited during my school practice and while collecting data for this work. The picture apendix of this work is an actual evidence of a real life of a dalton school in the Czech Republic.
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