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Present system of nurse's education and nurse's competention in the health education area (in intensive care units).
Povolná, Pavla ; Haškovcová, Helena (advisor) ; Holmerová, Iva (referee)
Autor highlights present situation of health education providing by nurses and thinking about nurse's competentions and knowledges in the education and information area as well. Transmission of information in health care is difficult, irritable, unclearly task, perceiving by nurse's often as potentionally danger. There are descripted different contexts of the problem in each part of theoretical view of the graduation thesis (legal, historical, social, relational, educational). Practice part gives an overview of quantitative research and explanation of some tasks by confirmation or negation of hypothesis generated by qualitative research. Results of questionnaire investigation shows, that nurse's competentions to educate are uncrearly area neither nor nurses, nor for experts in health care or public. Recognizing of present situation is a first step to the future improvement. Frame 0standardization of providing health education by nurses could be a way out of the maze.This way must be announced, consisted, commemorated and continually evaluated on each care unit.
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Midwife´s comunity care requirement within the sphere of district Domažlice
HOJDOVÁ, Martina
The central subjects of midwifery are a woman and a fetus {--} a new-born child. The task of taking care of a woman and her child is to look after not only their physical health but also to look after them in sense of the psycho-social sphere. The care should be holistic, complex and individual, preserving its continuity. All this fulfils the midwife{\crq}s community care. Going from the theoretic world and also Czech materials we could suppose that midwife{\crq}s community care plays an important role in woman{\crq}s and child`s care. Practically however, midwives meet obstacles. The main aim of this thesis was to find out women{\crq}s interest in midwife{\crq}s community care within the district of Domažlice. The next aim was to find out the opinion of those women who made use of a midwife{\crq}s fieldwork. The further aim was to find out the opinion of the community midwives{\crq} requirement of this care and also the interest of gynaecologists-practitioners in cooperation with a midwife working in the field. For the processing of the problem given, both quantitative and qualitative research was used. Hypothesis 1 ``Women in the district of Domažlice are interested in midwife{\crq}s community care in pregnancy{\crq}q was affirmed. The women were mostly interested in antenatal preparation and pregnancy exercises. Hypothesis 2 ``Women in the district of Domažlice are interested in midwife community care after childbirth{\crq}q was affirmed. The interviewees were mostly interested in the visiting service, breast-feeding consultations. Hypothesis 3 ``Women in the district of Domažlice mention at least 3 specific spheres that they would use the care of a midwife in the field{\crq}q, was affirmed. Mostly they were interested in the visiting service, antenatal preparation and pregnancy exercises. The research question 1 ``Are the midwife{\crq}s community care services regarded as useful by the women who used it?{\crq}q was answered explicitly positively by all of the interviewees. The research question 2 ``Is the community care regarded as useful by midwives who have experience with it?{\crq}q Was answered positively by 5 out of 6 midwives. To the research question 3 ``What spheres of woman{\crq}s care do the gynaecologists-practitioners regard as a possibility of cooperation with a midwife in the field?{\crq}q The practitioners explicitly expressed themselves for psycho prophylaxis and pregnancy exercises. This thesis is intended for a further support of development of the community midwife{\crq}s care in the Czech Republic.
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Stigmatization of clients with menthal illness by non-psychiatric health workers
Mudrová, Hana ; Šlaisová, Ivana (advisor) ; Mareš, Jiří (referee) ; Skorunka, David (referee)
Bachelor thesis describes status of peoples with mental illness in public health. It adverts to stigmatization which patient with mental illness meet with. Thesis put the accent to negative effect of this stigmatization. The goal of bachelor thesis is in quantitative research of health workers behavior to people with mental illness. The investigation compares behavior of health worker to patient with some mental illness and to patients without any mental anamnesis. Research based on two different groups of patients. First group consists of psychiatric hospitalized patients visited non-psychiatric ambulances. Second group consists of patients with no mental anamnesis visited the same ambulant station.
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Operation specialization of perioperational nurse and her influence on the nurges regime.
ROUŠALOVÁ, Vladana
This bachelor{\crq}s thesis deals with the work load of perioperative nurses. It is performed in very specific conditions of operating rooms. The work of the nurses in operating rooms is indispensable. It is both mentally and physically tiring. They work under time pressure and at forced pace. Perioperative nurses have to be qualified theoretically, they have to know the instrumental technology, they must be manually skilled and, most of all, emotionally stable. All this reflects in the feelings and mental health of the nurses. The aim of this work was to study the lifestyle of perioperative nurses and find out whether they know the principles of healthy living and comply with them. We have further focused on the physical and mental strain of these nurse specialists. We were trying to learn whether perioperative nurses suffer from the burnout syndrome and how they relax. For the purposes of reaching the above goals, we have used a quantitative research in the form of questionnaires. We received the total of 142 questionnaires form perioperative nurses. The questionnaires have been processed in the form of descriptive statistics with the help of graphs and tables. The investigation shows that the nurses know the principles of healthy living but do not observe them. It confirmed the fact that perioperative nurses smoke and drink a lot of caffeine drinks. It was also revealed that nurses do not observe the drinking regime although they are aware of its importance for their health. In addition to their work, they have obligations towards their families. As such, they have very little time for themselves and they fail to rest and relax. The research shows that they do not observe the lunch breaks during their working hours. It is alarming that nurses working in operating rooms are often tired, do not sleep well and suffer from backaches and headaches. Their working environment is stressful. It is, however, good to hear that these nurses are interested to know what is new in their field of work and do not plan to change their jobs. The study shows that the profession of perioperative nurses affects the lifestyle of these specialist nurses.
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The nurse's role in the complex process of transplantation
HEPLOVÁ, Monika
The diploma thesis deals with the issues of nursing care and the nurse?s position in the complex process of transplantation. Transplantation treatment becomes more important in the course of time. There are such situations that there is no other choice of restoring and saving the health of the sick person but to transplant. The complex process of transplantation is a chain of successive operations in which not only many doctors but also other medical and paramedical staff are involved and they constantly interact not only with the patient. Classically, the largest group in providing patient care is general nurses who assume the responsibility for the direct provision of nursing care, work independently and are responsible for the care provided. Their work requires a deep knowledge of the branch and many professional activities without suppressing their original mission. Today?s nurse is a full member of the team and the doctor?s partner in practicing his or her profession. The theoretical part deals comprehensively with the issues of the removal of organs especially from deceased donors, their transplantation and legislation in the Czech Republic and especially with the role of a nurse which she has in this process. An objective of the research survey was to map whether a nurse really felt to be the doctor?s partner in this challenging branch of providing nursing care and what their attitudes towards practicing their own profession in this branch were and to map the extensiveness of their knowledge and educational opportunities in these issues. Another objective was to map the attitudes of patients themselves towards care in the transplantation treatment process. In the research survey a quantitative method was used and applied by distributing questionnaires to general nurses working at a department of transplantation medicine. The results of the questionnaire survey were processed to create well-arranged tables. The qualitative part of the research survey was carried out through interviews with patients who are in the transplantation treatment process. The interviews were processed in writing and the results were summarized in mind maps.
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Management of Risk in an Intraoperative Care
KUDRLIČKOVÁ, Dagmar
Current Status: The management of risks is a strategy directed to the good reputation of the medical facilities, to protect assets, patiens and employees from any harm to health. Risk management consists of four interrelated phases: identification, assessment, mitigation and monitoring.Risk prevention and safety of patient and medical personnel requires the involvement of all members of the multidisciplinary team (Pokojová, 2011; Škrla and Škrlová, 2003).Subjekt: The main aim of the research was to identify the risks in the provision of nursing care during the intraoperative period and map installation of preventive mechanisms in the risk processes in providing nursing care during this period.Methods: The method of qualitative research was selected for survey research. Techniques of data collection was carried out using nonstandarized (depth) interview with the sisters (nurses). Participation in the interviews was voluntary and anymous. Interviews were recorded on the tape recorder and subsequently transcribed word for word. At the beginning of the talks were chased up objektive data on the age, length of experience in the health service and educational attainment of nurses. The first part of the discussion focused on issues related to risk identification of nursing care in the intraoperative period.Followed by a section with questions related to the mapping preventive mechanisms to risk processes in the intraoperative period.Participants: The research sample was studied with regard to the research problem. The group consisted of disters of Hospitál Písek, a.s. Six sisters were addressed. Three sisters worked as perioperative nurses and the other three as anesthetist nurses. Interviews and research questions were focused on the risk of nursing care in the intraoperative period from the perspektive of anesthesia and perioperative nurses. The venue of talks were sister facilities of central operating theaters. The selection criteria of sisters were: different period of practice, different education and different ages of sisters. All the sisters (nurses) met a criterion in providing nursing care in the intraoperative period.Results: Anesthetist and perioperative nurses providing nursing care in the intraoperative period are put at risks that are associated with their work in the operating theaters. These include physical occupational risks (ionizing radiation), chemical (risk of anesthetics inhalation), biological (risk of infection) and psychological stress factors. The Patient is in the intraoperative period is endargered by risks that are associated with the administration of anesthesia (difficult intubation), with surgery (risk of burns) and a total stay of patient in the operating theater (air-conditioned enviroment). As possible means of preventing and managing risks in the working environment of nurses can mention an adequate communication within a multidisciplinary team, the use of disposable protective equipment, ample off after intensive services and keeping on instructions, standards and relevant legislation. In the prevention of chosen risks that threaten the patient in the intraoperative period can recommended these possible eventualities of prevention: during administration of anesthesia(anesthesia techniques monitoring medications and device monitoring), during surgery (adherence to aseptic procedures) and during the whole stay of a patient in the operating room (theatre) we can recommend(regular audits of intraoperative care and medical records with keeping on instructions and standards of nursing care.Conclusions: Intraoperative nursing care is one of the most high-risk part of hospitalization in the medical facilities. During this period is very important a substantial monitoring and prevention of risks that threaten the patient immediately.
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Planned parenthood of women in reproductive age
Ikramova, Sitora ; Kulhavá, Miluše (advisor) ; Kocurová, Jana (referee)
The thesis is divided into theoretical and empirical parts. The corresponding chapters of theoretical part are focused on the anatomy of the genital tract of women, the menstrual cycle, fertility and fertile age. Then follows discourse on family planning methods from different points of view (public health, social service, economy and low). Next chapter concentrates on modern contraceptive methods, compares each of them and analyses the advantages and disadvantages of parethood planning methods. The empirical part consists of quantitative research based on a questionnaire survey which was carried out among women of fertile age. The researched group consists of 106 respondents. The main aim of the thesis is to determine whether women in the CR planning their parenthood. The results of the research are showing that more than 77 % of women in reproductive age are planning their parenthood and relatively well can prevent unwanted pregnancies using various contraceptive methods. More than 50 % of investigated respondents prefer method of hormonal contraception. The results of the research are represented by tables and graphs. Keywords: Fertile age, positive planning of parenthood, assisted reproduction, negative planning of parenthood, contraception, abortion, healthy lifestyle
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Value and attitude of nursing for the public.
MAŇHALOVÁ, Jana
Theoretical Framework Although the beginnings of nursing reach deep into our history, nursing is a relatively young profession. In the course of human history nursing has been influenced by many factors that have changed public values and attitudes to nursing issues and to providing the most effective nursing care. Nursing is focused on an active search and satisfying biological, psychological, social and spiritual needs of the sick and healthy people in the care of their health. The main representative of nursing practice is Florence Nightingale, who has affected health care throughout the world. She is considered the founder of modern nursing, because she has elevated nursing to such a profession that is as important as that of a physician. Aims of the Thesis To compile the thesis three goals were set. 1) To find out the views and ideas of the general and professional public on the nursing profession. 2) To determine the views of the general and professional public on what the most important and effective procedures in nursing are. 3) To identify what the general and professional public expect nursing can provide to modern society and how nursing can contribute to its development. Methods Used To compile the diploma thesis a quantitative method using interviews through questionnaires was applied. The data collection technique was snowball sampling. Based on the initial pilot study two forms of the survey were determined, for the professional and the general public. The professional public was represented by nurses working in primary care, home care, in hospitals and other medical facilities. The general public was represented by people who visit general practitioners, use home care services, hospitalized patients and other general public. Results The results of the thesis have helped explain opinions of the public and their attitudes to nursing care. They can be used as background material for teaching nursing subjects or as a contribution to professional seminars, courses and conferences dealing with this issue. The answers to the hypotheses are discussed in detail in the research section of the thesis. Based on the statistically processed data the hypotheses were evaluated as follows: H1: By the general public nursing is perceived rather as a profession focused on maternity care than as a professional discipline. H1 was confirmed. H2: As for the general public, men´s perception of nurses as nursing representatives is different from women´s perception of nurses as nursing representatives. H2 was confirmed. H3: The professional public perceive the profession as a mission, unlike the general public, who take it more as a matter of routine from the part of nurses. H3 was confirmed. H4: The professional public perceive the attitude of the general public towards nursing more positively than the general public themselves. H4 was not confirmed. H5: Nurses´ strengths are perceived more than their weaknesses by the general public. H5 was not confirmed. H6: To the public the value of nursing depends on how the professional public express satisfaction with the care provided by their colleagues. H6 was confirmed. H7: Education is a fundamental value of nursing more from the perspective of the professional public than from the perspective of the general public. H7 was not confirmed. H8: The potential contribution of nursing to modern society from the perspective of professional public is higher than from the perspective of the general public. H8 was not confirmed. H9: The general public´s view on the value of nursing is directly dependent on the image of nursing presented by the media. H9 was confirmed. Conclusion The benefit of this work is publication of the findings related to opinions and ideas of today´s society on nursing and pointing to the issue and identification of weak parts.
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Analysis of a Selected Company Using Statistical Methods
Ševčíková, Markéta ; Dosedla, Miloš (referee) ; Doubravský, Karel (advisor)
This bachelor´s thesis deals with the evaluation of the financial situation CZECH STYLE, Ltd. Evaluation of financial health is achieved using financial and statistical analysis. This thesis is divided into three sections. The first section describes the theory of financial analysis and the theory of statistical analysis, the second part shows practical using of the financial analysis CZECH STYLE, Ltd. The results of the analysis are used to formulate proposals for improving the current financial situation.
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Nurse's part in free time activities and games for children that are hospitalized at small hospitals.
HOLZÄPFELOVÁ, Bohumila
The social development of last decades brings about rapid changes, affecting also medicine and nursing. It also contributed to a positive shift, so a hospitalization of a child does not necessarily mean breaking bonds with its parents, siblings, and the broader family. Yet, a nurse remains an irreplaceable link in the process of child's treatment. It is a nurse who spends most of the time with the child during a hospitalization. A nurse has therefore a great potential of influencing child's adaptation to the hospitalization either in a positive or a negative way. Regardless of health or illness, a child retains a need of play activities. A play is an important healing component, it improves emotional condition, facilitates an adaptation to a changed health situation and enables saturation for activities the disease makes difficult or impossible. This diploma thesis aimed to analyze how spare time and play activities are ensured in small hospitals, regarding personnel, time and material. The author also set the task of finding out what importance the nurses give to their own role in the educational process. The research was conducted in two ways. The qualitative part contains interviews with children of primary school age who answered questions about what they wanted and what children hospitalized in small hospitals generally miss. Hypotheses were subsequently formed according to results of this part. These hypotheses were then tested by a quantitative research. The research group for the quantitative research were nurses working in pediatric departments of hospitals in the regions of Plzen, Karlovy Vary and Central Bohemia. The research shows that many pediatric departments of small and medium-sized hospitals have to deal with nurses' time troubles and with an insufficient staffing in order to fill meaningfully and effectively the child patients' spare time. The results of this research will be used as a platform for improvement of hospitalized children's conditions in one particular department.
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