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Production of selected metabolites by carotenogenic yeasts cultivated on food wastes
Turková, Lucie ; Hlaváček, Viliam (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
The production of selected metabolites, especially carotenoids, ergosterol and coenzyme Q was observed in four red yeast strains (Cystofilobasidium capitatum, Rhodotorula glutinis, Sporobolomyces shibatanus a Sporobolomyces roseus) cultivated on viticulture waste substrates such as skins and stem. In these substrates the content of carbohydrates, fat, tannins and polyphenols was analysed. Cultivations were done also on chemically and enzymatically hydrolysed substrates. For enzyme hydrolysis the extracellular enzyme cocktails of the fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Penicillium lilacinum were used. The highest production of metabolites was observed in S. roseus cultivated on stem hydrolysed by enzymes from P. chrysosporium. The yield of -carotene reached 616,1 g/g dry mass, carotenoids 753,6 g/g dry mass, ergosterol 415,5 g/g dry mass and coenzym Q 77,9 g/g dry mass. S. roseus reached very high yields also in the other series of cultivation. The lowest production of metabolites was observed in S. shibatanus. The yield coefficients of biomass and -carotene were calculated based on consumption of reducing sugars.
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The influence of foregoing crop on oats yield and quality
POLÁČKOVÁ, Jitka
Nowadays trend in Europe is returning to harvesting of traditional feeding crops. One of these crops is oat which has been universally used since time immemorial. Even today oats are processing and using in food industry and as a feed for farm animals. Further using of oats is in cosmetics and pharmaceutical industry. Oats contain high amount of proteins and fats, beta-glukan and mineral elements. Oats include vitamins B and E, lecitin, niacin and antioxidants. Research was executing on fields of University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice during one year. An impact on crop yield and quality of oats was observed in dissertation. There were used three crops corn, rape and cereal (spring wheat) in research. After these crops were sown ten varieties of oats, four naked and six husked varieties. At these varieties were observed an impact on crop yield and quality of oats. Evaluated characters were monitored during the vegetation, pre-harvest and post-harvest. There were observed germination and methane, height of vegetation, the degree of lodging oats, the number of lat m2, weeds, diseases and pests, after harvest was determine harvested grain yield, moisture and density, number of grains per panicle, thousand grain weight and grain on a network share during the vegetation. From the measured values follows that the best crop in year 2012 was corn and the best results were achieved by variety Abel, Avenuda, Atego, Pogon, Salo.
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PCR identification of nonpathogenic bacteria strains in cheeses
Jurečková, Nela ; Doušková, Dagmar (referee) ; Španová, Alena (advisor)
Different species of genus Bifidobacterium are part of human and animal intestinal flora. These bacteria have benefit effects and therefore they are used in foods and pharmaceutical products as probiotics. Cheese is now suitable as a probiotic matrix except yoghurts and fermentated milks. This diploma thesis was focused on optimalization of DNA isolation from bacteria of genus Bifidobacterium. Magnetic microparticles (P(HEMA-co¬-GMA)) were used for DNA isolation in presence of 8% polyethyleneglycol PEG 6000 and 5 M sodium chloride. Phenol extraction weas also used as an isolation method. Isolated DNA was used for amplification in domain, genus and species specific PCRs. Optimized method was tested for detection of bacteria of genus Bifidobacterium in experimentaly prepared probiotic cheeses. These cheeses contained potential probiotic bacteria from Laktoflóra collection. Bacteria were identified into species using species specific PCR. Species Bifidobacterium animalis was identified in all samples of probiotic cheeses.
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Substances present in everyday life representing threats to the health of older-school-age children
Metelková, Iva ; Marádová, Eva (advisor) ; Beneš, Pavel (referee)
TITLE: Substances present in every day life representing threats to the health of older- shool-age children AUTHOR: Iva Metelková DEPARTMENT: Department of Education SUPERVISOR: PaedDr. Eva Marádová, CSc. ABSTRACT This thesis deals with the substances present in everyday life, which may pose risk for human health. In the theoretical part of this work groups of hazardous substances are characterized. For selected representatives of each group are specified. negative impacts on human health and outlines the mechanisms of action. Individual chapter is devoted to physical and psycho-social development of school age students using knowledge of developmental psychology. Substances which on the other way help detoxify the body and help it to be resistant to the effects of potentially hazardous substances are also mentioned. The aim is to map the practical awareness of the hazardous effects of selected substances among pupils attending upper primary school. Questionnaire survey found that students do not attach danger arising from the presence of potentially hazardous substances in foods, cosmeticsand household. Therefore I recommend pay attention to information about risks arising from long term exposure to these substances. KEY WORDS: harmful substance, health protection, food hazards, drugs
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Consumer misleading in the field of food labeling
Nezgodová, Lenka ; Boháček, Martin (advisor) ; Wimrová, Hana (referee)
This thesis deals with consumer misleading in the field of food labeling. The goal of the thesis was to determine specific products that may mislead consumers by their location and label in particular hypermarkets in Prague and Frýdek-Místek. Analysis of the potential misleading of the consumers has three parts -- examining of an obligatory information on the product package, checking of the location of the products in the shops, and the questionnaire. One part of the thesis deals with law (acts, judgements and other regulations) in the field of food labeling and misleading the consumer.
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Balení potravin
Zajoncová, Veronika
The bachelor thesis deals with various types of packaging used in the food industry. The most commonly used materials for packaging include wood, paper, glass, metal, textiles and plastics. The main function of package include handling, safety, information, trade and ecological. Further work is aimed at foreign substances that may be located in food. Most of them are esters of phthalic acid, formaldehyde, and bisphenol A. These may be present in food in only small amounts. I also work to integrate the issue of food labeling. The primary source of information for consumers on the packaging of the data. Accordingly, the consumer chooses food choice from a wide range of products. Legislation establishes labeling requirements, focusing on the food packaged, unpackaged and wrapped.
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The possibilities electricity savings of refrigeration and cooling equipment according to the distribution rate - the cold storage
Pálka, Marek ; Šlezingr, Jan (referee) ; Macháček, Jan (advisor)
This bachelor´s thesis is focused on the possibilities of electricity savings of the freezing equipment, which would work only in low distribution rate and it would be disconnected from the power source in the high distribution rate. In this work, a total research in the field of refrigeration and cooling equipment, both technological circuits, as well as the principles of temperature regulation and food storage process is made. Another part of the work is focused on freezer testing standards and regulations. Much of the work is devoted to the experimental measurements, in which different types of rates on the given freezer equipment and with them associated the possibilities savings relative to other rates are measured. Another objective of the experimental measurement is to find out the temperature behaviour in the various parts of a freezing apparatus according to the switching time of the rates. There are overall experimental measurements evaluated and the possibility of electricity savings in direct reliance to the processes ongoing in the food during long term storage in the freezer in the unstable storage temperature In the conclusion of the work.
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Information required for the packaging of food products
KINCLOVÁ, Kateřina
This bachelor thesis is focused on the information required for food product packaging. It is divided into two parts: theoretical; and methodology and research results. The theoretical part deals with consumer protection and details pertinent legislation. In addition, the study outlines the effects on product safety of government and watchdog organizations. The final part deals with compulsory information on food labels. The main part focuses on packaging products, packaging products which label is smaller than 80 cm2 and unpacking products. The main aim of this work is to research consumer awareness of information required on food product labels. Furthermore, it also proposes ways in which the issue could be improved. The research was investigated the questionnaire and individual interview. The goal of the questionnaire is to confirm or disprove the hypothesis. The hypothesis is focused on the respondents' knowledge of compulsory information on food packing labels.
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Characterization of beverages and food supplements containig caffeine
Patočková, Klára ; Pekař, Miloslav (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
This master thesis is focused on characterization of some energy drinks and formulation of their modified composition. The theoretical part was focused on summary of energy drinks and some of their natural components - guarana, goji as well as on techniques of encapsulation. In the experimental part concentrations of caffeine, vitamin C, polyphenols and carbohydrates in commercially purchased drinks was evaluated. Subsequently, three kinds of particles (particles with caffeine, particles with guarana and particles with guarana and goji) by 6 different techniques were prepared. The efficiency of encapsulation was determined by HPLC/UV-VIS (caffeine, vitamin C) and by spectrophotometry (phenolics). Stability of the particles was followed in real food and in a model physiological environment of artificial digestive juices. Size of prepared particles was determined by dynamic light scattering. In this work it was found that particles with best activity and stability were obtained by encapsulator. For manual particles the best results were found in the liposome particles. Liposomes exhibited the smallest particle size, the highest efficiency encapsulation, excellent stability in real food and juices and the best value of zeta potential.
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Potravinová bezpečnosť ako jedna z priorít Spoločnej poľnohospodárskej politiky EÚ
Németh, Tomáš
Food security is a concept that is increasingly gaining importance in shaping the policies of different countries. On the background of processes associated with globalization, development of international trade, demographic predictions of population growth, increasing living standards and food demand, arises the question whether the global food system is able to feed the rapidly growing population in future. There is a number of suggestions trying to solve this problem. The fact that remains is that the global food system has already the problem of feeding all people on the planet. The latest estimates indicate that 840 million people, or every eight person in the world, suffer from chronic hunger. This thesis entitled "Food security as one of the priorities shaping Common Agricultural Policy of European Union" describes the issue of food security and preconditions for its application as an argument of shaping the Common Agricultural Policy. The thesis continues to specify the basic approaches and socio-economic context of food security issues in global and regional context of current agribusiness. Finally, it characterizes the approaches to these issues in agricultural development strategy of Czech Republic.
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