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Study of Sterilization Effects Initiated by Dielectric Barriere Discharge
Slámová, Jitka ; Pekárek, Stanislav (referee) ; doc. RNDr. Karol Hensel, Ph.D., oponent (referee) ; Krčma, František (advisor)
The overall goal of the presented dissertation thesis was to study the sterilization efficiency of dielectric barrier discharge operated at atmospheric pressure. The fungi Aspergillus niger, gram-positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis and in some experiments also gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli were used as a bio-indicator enabling to evaluate the effect of plasma assisted microbial inactivation. The samples of microorganism were placed on paper Whatman 1 or PET foil and exposed to plasma. The plasma was generated in argon, nitrogen, synthetic dry/humid air with frequency up to 10 kHz and plasma power density in the range of 1,2-2,9 W/cm3 (according to the process gas). The influence of process gas, plasma power density, plasma exposition time, type of microorganism and material of the substrate on the sterilization effect of dielectric barrier discharge was evaluated. Furthermore the contribution of each single mechanism (UV radiation, temperature and reactive species) to the sterilization effect of plasma and influence of gas humidity was evaluated. The DBD was analysed by means of optical emission spectroscopy, thermocouple was used to measure temperature during a sterilization process. In order to verify the mechanical damage of the microbial cell or the substrates during the plasma process the samples were studied by scanning electron microscopy. Generally, on the basis of experimental results, at increasing treatment times, the remaining number of spores (CFU) decreased. Similarly at increasing the plasma power input, the sterilization rate increased. When sterilising the spores of A. niger in plasma using different process gasses, the efficiency of plasma sterilization decreased as follows: argon, humid synthetic air, nitrogen and dry synthetic air. The results observed in argon plasma using different microorganism demonstrated that the sensitivity of vegetative cells resp. spores to DBD decreased as follows: A. niger spores, B. subtilis vegetative cells, E. coli vegetative cells and B. subtilis spores. Simultaneously results observed for sterilization of spores and vegetative cells of B. subtilis and A. niger demonstrated that the spores are generally more resistant to plasma than are the corresponding vegetative cells. Combining the results of contribution of each single mechanism, optical emission spectroscopy and inactivation characteristic it was found out that the reactive species significantly contribute to the plasma sterilization in all process gasses. Furthermore the inactivation process can be partly assisted by UV radiation and also the temperature can contribute in limited extent to inactivation process in some gasses. The contribution of UV radiation to the plasma sterilization decreased as follows: nitrogen, argon, dry syntetic air and humid syntetic air. Moreover it was found out that the contribution of each single mechanism can be species dependent, this is due to the different response of microorganism to the unfavorable external conditions. SEM analysis of the substrates prooved the etching actions of the plasma generated in all process gasses on the surface of the PET foil. The several minute plasma exposition of the PET foil resulted in the occurence of the „hole corrosion“ on the PET surface. Contrary to these there were no visible changes observed in the paper structure.
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Biochemical markers of bone metabolism in female patients with posmenopausal osteoporosis
Kováčová, Libuše ; Čepová, Jana (advisor) ; Masopust, Jaroslav (referee)
The content of this bachelor labour is an introduction into the osteoporosis question. The osteoporosis presents a social disease with adverse effects not only for sick patient but also for society and economy. Through the whole life the bone is still renewaled. Owing to the various factors and with the increasing age, the resorption starts to prevail above the new formation of bone. The biochemicals and radiography investigation are used to the determination of a rate of disappearance of bone tissue. The aim of this work was to recapitulate the diagnostics of the osteoporosis by the postmenopausal women. Write down, which medicaments can be used in treatment of osteoporosis and their asset to patiens. In the labour there are described special biochemicals markers predicative about skeletal turn. In conclusion there are three casuistries, well-founded by value of bone markers, demonstrating the payoff from medication in treatment of this disease. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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A novel function of red pigment-concentating hormone in crustaceans: \kur{Porcellio scaber} (Isopoda) as a model species
ZRALÁ, Jana
The HPLC and LC/MS analyses of the CNS from isopod crustacean the woodlouse, Porcellio scaber revealed a presence of the red pigment-concentrating hormone (Panbo-RPCH) in this species. It has been shown that this neuropeptide plays a role in mobilization of energy stores: topical treatments of P. scaber individuals by Panbo-RPCH in a concentration 20 pmol/{$\mu$}l increased the level of glucose in haemolymph about 4 times. Glucose was the main carbohydrate mobilized by the Panbo-RPCH treatment. Despite the demonstration of hyperglycaemic activity of Panbo-RPCH, no stimulatory effect of this hormone on the locomotory activity of P. scaber was observed. The present study is the first discovery of an occurrence of Panbo-RPCH and its hyperglycaemic activity in the representative of the isopod crustacean.
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Dysphagia failure of the upper esophageal sphincter in patients after stroke
Gregová, Daniela ; Bitnar, Petr (advisor) ; Smolíková, Libuše (referee)
Stroke is one of the most frequent causes of dysphagia, a serious symptom triggered by affected coordination of the swallowing muscles or limited sensation. This bachelor thesis focuses on providing a compendium of literature concerned with dysphagia and demonstrating how the symptom occurs after cerebrovascular accident. The first part discusses the swallowing process and stroke from anatomical, physiological and neurophysiological standpoint. Second part presents a closer view of the upper sphincter of esophagus, additional healt problems caused by dysphagia and possibilities of alimentation and brings up a set of the most frequently used diagnostic methods. From chapter 4 and 5 on, the thesis describes methods and technics that can be involved in the treatment of patient with swallowing difficulties and casuistry of a patient suffering from serious dysphagia caused by cerebrovascular accident.
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Perception of animated film
Vondráčková, Zuzana ; Kubíček, Jiří (advisor) ; Procházková, Maria (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to closely specify viewer?s perception of an animated film. The general treatment of the perception has been based mainly on concrete writings of film critics, the conclusions of which have been applied to the field of the animated film. Such a transmission of the conclusions allows demonstrating that professional film reviews dealing with filmmaking as a subject often poorly illustrate the nature of the animated film.
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Design of Water Supply Facilities with the Support of Simulation Software
Pešout, Jakub ; Tauš, Miloslav (referee) ; Kučera, Tomáš (advisor)
The subject of the thesis is the design of water supply facilities with the support of a simulation software. The document is a summary of representative software tools that are used to design water supply sites directly or serve as supportive programs. A short summary of the origin, primary focus, availability and market price of each tool is listed in the survey. Furthermore the individual programs are divided into four groups. The section conveys the software's ability to deal with any of the following issues: - Water quality - Hydraulic analysis and simulation of hydraulic working - Design of water network - Creation of simulation models Subsequently, three chosen programs are subjected to exemplary tests, demonstrating some of the capabilities. The first program is Watpro, on which a design of a water treatment plant is drafted and a subsequent search for the sufficient dose of chemical additives is executed. The second program Epanet 2.0 calculates a model test of a water leak from a pipeline. The result is then compared with the outcome of equation calculation. The last program is Watdis, with which the same example of pipeline leakage is calculated and subsequently compared to the Epanet 2.0 result. The work's aim is to provide an overview of the seventeen selected programs and supply the information to potential users from the ranks of designers and students.
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Venous blood taking - routine issue for nurses?
JELÍNKOVÁ, Petra
Venous blood taking belongs to frequent nursing procedures of a nurse. Venous blood is easily accessible biological material, whose valid result enables to specify the diagnosis of a disease and to begin appropriate treatment in an inpatient. At present the Health Service emphasises quality improvement of nursing care. There are executed standards of nursing procedures in hospitals and nurses are obliged to follow them. Venous blood taking is one of those procedures. There are two objectives of the thesis - to examine knowledge of nurses in the hospital of Tabor, Ltd. concerning the issue of venous blood taking and to research nurses? workplace and procedures during venous blood taking at sampling points. Quantitative and qualitative research was applied to achieve the above mentioned objectives. The questionnaires were distributed to nurses at standard hospital wards. Five respondents, working at sampling points in South Bohemian Region, took part in the interviews. The first hypothesis, whether nurses follow the standard nursing procedure when taking the venous blood, was proved. The second hypothesis, whether nurses are aware of the fact that they can influence the final analysis of the blood sample by the procedure itself, was proved. The third hypothesis, whether nurses are aware of the negative factors of pre-analytic variability, was also proved by the research. The last hypothesis, number four, whether nurses have the knowledge of the proper sequence of the sampling tubes, as the answers demonstrated, was not proved. Three research questions could be answered as follows. Nurses at sampling points do have adequate work background that provides calm and safe procedure of venous blood taking. Blood taking nurses follow the right procedure that guarantees a valid sample of blood taken. The respondents at sampling points know and follow elaborated standard nursing procedures. I find this procedure correct, safe and the only one that ensures quality samples taken. The research revealed that for nurses in hospitals, unlike nurses at sampling points, venous blood taking is a routine matter and that they have their own trained process to do that. On the grounds of both, the literature on this subject and the results of the research, I would like to suggest particular adjustments of the standard nursing procedure to the management of the hospital of Tabor. The nurses will have a manual drawn up by me available. The manual might serve as a proper routine procedure of venous blood taking.
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Význam rostlinných proteinů z podrodiny ABCB pro transport auxinu
Kubeš, Martin ; Zažímalová, Eva (advisor) ; Hejátko, Jan (referee) ; Reinöhl, Vilém (referee)
Polar auxin transport provides essential directional and positional information for many developmental processes in plants. At the cellular level, it is realized by both passive diffusion and the active transport through the membrane proteins - AUX1/LAXes, PINs and ABCBs. The aim of this thesis was to characterize the role of ABCB1, ABCB4 and ABCB19 proteins in polar auxin transport using transformed tobacco BY-2 cell lines. It was shown that the plasma membrane (PM) localization of the ABCB1, 4 and 19 is not polar. The ABCB4 was also more stable on PM after the treatment with auxin influx inhibitors; making use of ABCB4-cell line helped to uncover new characteristics of markers of endocytosis - the FM- dyes. The induction of ABCB19 has led to a decrease in 3 H-NAA accumulation with characteristic auxin starvation phenotype, similar to PIN7 overexpressing cell line, that could be rescued in case of PIN7 cell line by application of the auxin efflux inhibitor NPA; however, the accumulation of auxin in ABCB19-overexpressing cell line was less sensitive to NPA and the rescue of the auxin starvation phenotype was ineffective. Importantly, unique property of the ABCB4 was demonstrated: It displayed dual, auxin-concentration-dependent auxin transport activity in Arabidopsis roots, tobacco BY-2 and yeast cells. The...
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