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The position and concept of custom in contemporary international law
Denk, Martin ; Šturma, Pavel (advisor) ; Ondřej, Jan (referee)
The position and concept of custom in contemporary international law Summary: The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the position and concept of customary law in contemporary international law. The terms "position" and "concept" are used in the meaning of the actual status of the custom within the system of sources of the international law, as well as in the meaning of "value" or "usefulness" of customary law in contemporary international society, also regarding the discussion of authors concerning increasing pace and extent of international relations as a potential ground for diminishment or refusal custom as a valid source of international law. The reason why we chose this topic is, amongst others, to show that even today, under contemporary situation, customary law still have the value within the system of the sources of international law, and its' position should not be abolished or even significantly diminished. The thesis consists of three main chapters. First chapter provides the look into the history, theory and position of custom as a socio-legal phenomenon in different legal cultures in order to describe the key aspects of the view of each of those cultures on intrastate (or intra-cultural) custom and customary law, allowing to stress certain similarities and differences. Subsection one of this...
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Codification of law in France under the First Empire
Vavříček, Martin ; Seltenreich, Radim (advisor) ; Císař, Jaromír (referee)
Codification of law in France under the First Empire The purpose of my thesis is to analyze genesis of preparation of six codes in France, to explain all influences and to show importance of this codification for the rest of the world. The scope of my thesis research is wider than just a description of codification works between years 1804-1815. The first part of this work explores the basis for codification. Sources of law, roman law, natural law, age of enlightenment, Declaration of the Rights and of the Citizens and legislative procedure under the First empire. The second part is composed of five chapters. Chapter one describes French Civil code promulgated in 1804. This chapter is composed of following subchapters: genesis of codification between years 1789-1804, the major figures of codification, systematics, related laws, selected paragraphs of Civil code and language quality. Chapter two is about Code of civil procedure (Code de procedure civile, 1806). It is composed of three subchapters: genesis, systematic and characteristics of this code. Chapter three describes Commercial Code (Code de commerce, 1807). This chapter includes genesis of commercial law from 16th century. The rest subchapters analyze genesis, systematic and characteristics of this codification. Chapter four is composed of...
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Standard and non-standard language in printed media communication and its impact on discussions about standard language
Pospíšilová, Martina ; Šoltys, Otakar (advisor) ; Jirák, Jan (referee)
The present Master's thesis analyses language means in printed media with a particular focus on national daily newspapers from the second trimester of 1993. That year, there was an important linguistic conference on standardised Czech and language culture. The analysis examines especially language means that deviate from the standardised norm of the language. The theoretical part discusses key concepts, such as norm and codification or national language and its varieties. The understanding of these terms is critical for the analytical part of the thesis where language means used in printed media are being analysed using quantitative content analysis. The aim of this analysis is to describe their motivation of use and function. The results are then compared with the proceedings of the 1993 conference on standardised Czech and language culture held in Olomouc. The thesis provides a clear view on how the occurrence of non-standardised language means in media influences academic discussion on standardised Czech.
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Mesh Compression for 64k Intro
Kosek, Jindřich ; Pečiva, Jan (referee) ; Polok, Lukáš (advisor)
This work deals with compression of 3D models for the use in intro with limited size of less than 64kB. Various techniques of model compression are described. Data structure of the model that was used to demonstrate the selected compression methods is also described. A simple algorithm for Catmull-Clark surface subdivision is described. Finally, the selected methods are experimentally evaluated to select the best of them.
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Forming and importance of the rules for accounting and reporting
Kubínová, Adéla ; Janhuba, Miloslav (advisor) ; Valášková, Mariana (referee)
This thesis deals with accounting issue regarding the rules for accounting and reporting. The fundamental part is a characteristic of generally accepted accounting principles, their forming and importance in the international financial scale. The aim of the thesis is to describe the process and conditions of the development of these principles and illustrate the impact of breaching of selected fundamental assumptions on the financial statements.
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Comparison of orthographic knowledge among elementary school pupils and grammar school and university students
PLÁŠILOVÁ, Veronika
Bachelor?s thesis is divided into two parts ? theoretical and practical one. In the theoretical part, I define basic terms such as orthography, common and codified Czech, linguistic norm, usage and codification. One part of the thesis is also the history of the development of orthography. Futhermore I focus on the fundamental literature about the rules of orthography. The aim of the practical part is to evaluate the level of orthographic knowledge at primary school, high school and university. The level of knowledge of students is determined on the basis of result of the sample test.
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The development of criminal law codification in Czech lands in the area of chosen criminal offences
Vojáček, Jan ; Žák, Květoslav (advisor) ; Spirit, Michal (referee)
This thesis describes the development of codification of criminal law in Czech history. At first I described theory of comparative law, further follows the historical development of criminal law since the beginnings of the Czech state. After that I compared individual criminal codes based on division between general and special part. In special part I focused on the scheme of division of criminal offences into sections. At the end I compared adjustment of several criminal offenses in penal codes. This part contains four criminal offences (murder, theft, high treason and crime of witchcraft), which interfere with many areas of human life.
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The Importance of Custom in International Law
Savara, Zbyněk ; Trávníčková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Zemanová, Štěpánka (referee)
This Diploma Thesis deals with the importance of customary law in contemporary international law. The thesis provides description of sources of international law, focused on custom as a necessary source of international law. Further the history of international law is described. Finally a brief summary of cases settled by International Court of Justice where customary international law was applied is provided. The task of the work is to provide evidence that the custom is still useful and used source of international law. As a proof of this statement a range of ICJ decisions is mentioned and the process of international law codification and progressive development is described.
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Norm, usage, literary form - comparation of the admissions to a language culture in the Czech Republic and in France
ZAHRADNÍKOVÁ, Tereza
The thesis is dealing with the comparison of different approaches to the language culture in the Czech republic and France. The opening chapter introduces the development of the conception norms and legalisation in both countries from a historical point of view. It is focusing on the theory of the Prague linguistic group at it's classical and postwar period in the Czech republic. It is also defining the term ?bon usage? and dealing with the role of the French academy and it's influence on the character of the written language. It is also analising the current trends in language culture in both countries especially concentrating on the issues of the limitations of written language, dealing with language issues in schools and introducing some solutions which should improve the situation of the current language culture. The final chapter is defining the substantial equivalences and differences towards language culture in both countries and showing it's direction in the future.
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Unfair competition dealing of business companies.
VLAŽNÝ, Jiří
This diploma work is trying to map unfair competitive behaviour of participants in economic competition from criminal law point of view. The goal of this diploma work is formulated in the introduction. The following part is about history of unfair competition, legal protection and confrontation between criminal and civil law.The second part of this work is presenting some cases of unfair competitive behaviour which the Police Department of economic crime in South Bohemia has been dealing with. This part also includes confrontations among legal forms, upcoming codifications, considerations de lege ferenda in criminal law regulations, and statistics of unfair competition in South Bohemia and also confrontation with the statistics of the whole Czech Republic.
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