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The concept of laicité in Sarkozy's speech in Lateran in 2007
Ivaščenková, Kateřina ; Perottino, Michel (advisor) ; Miklošová, Kateřina (referee)
Bachelor thesis " The concept of laicité in Sarkozy's speech in Lateran from 2007" tackles the issue of laicité, specific secularism existing in France, raised by Sarkozy's speech in the Latran Church. In France, laicité is the result of a long and painful history marked by many conflicts between the Church and the State. In 1905, the law that established the separation of Church and State turned out to mark a fundamental shift in French society. Even though President Sarkozy mentions the deeprooted principle of laicité in France, he emphasizes the importance of religious virtues, in the public sphere. His new concept of 'laicité positive' marks a real rupture in politics from the beginning of the Vth Republic in France. Until now some French presidents accepted their title of Chanoine d'honneur de l'Eglise du Latran but without such a strong religious perspective as Sarkozy. Sarkozy's polemic made clear his preparedness to jeopardize the basic tenants of the separation of Church and State. Atheists in particular felt impugned as in this new political concept, believers are clearly considered to be superior. Likewise, many people reproached Sarkozy for having more respect for teachers with religious views. Some however pleased to see that new perspectives on secularity are possible in which religious faith...
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Civil Society in Peace Negotiations. The Case of Colombia
Závodníková, Naďa ; Moravcová, Dagmar (advisor) ; NÁHRADNÍ, OPONENT (referee)
Diploma dissertation "Civil Society in Peace Negotiations. The Case of Colombia" deals with the engagement of the Colombian civil society in the peace negotiations with the Movement 19 (M-19) that took place in 1989-1990, with the National Liberation Army (ELN) in 1998-2002 and with the Armed Revolutionary Forces of Colombia (FARC) in 1999-2002. The examination of the selected peace processes revealed that the civil society had only limited impact on the negotiations. The involvement of the representatives of the civil society led to increase in number and extend of the objectives that were negotiated, decrease in the level of organization of the negotiations and while it did not reinforce the negotiating position of the main actors, it neither disposed with sufficient power to exert an effective pressure on the main actors of the conflict. The performance of the civil society was influenced by the external informal institutions - represented by traditional execution of power, clientelism, functioning of the political parties and continuing internal conflict - and by the internal informal institutions - namely by the characteristics of the colombian civil society and by the structure of incentives in the participative instances. The formal institutions - the Constitution and the laws - proved to have only...
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Analysis of the state of information security in the environment of municipality Strakonice
Hejhal, Tomáš ; Doucek, Petr (advisor) ; Veber, Jaromír (referee)
This thesis is about information system analysis of municipality Strakonice with focus on its security side in comparison with security standards ISO/IEC 27000. This thesis has three main parts. The first part is about theory to the topic, respective about organization's basic information and relevant laws and standards. Second part include information system risk analysis of city Strakonice with suggestions reducing individual risks with establishing countermeasures or this risk providing with insurance. In case of low risk can be this risks accepted. Third part is about current state of information security. Benefits and purpose of this thesis is to write up risk analysis for IS of municipality Strakonice and write up analysis of current state of information security with recommendations for improvement.
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The role of international non-governmental organizations in the protection of human rights
Andrlová, Kristýna ; Hýbnerová, Stanislava (referee) ; Honusková, Věra (advisor)
The role of international non-governmental organisations in protection of human rights Summary The aim of this master thesis is to provide a systematic insight into the legal status and the role of international non-governmental organisations (INGOs) in protection and promotion of human rights in international law. By means of that, the thesis seeks to answer the question whether the current legal status of INGOs is favourable both for the INGOs themselves and their counterparts at the international level, mainly the states and international governmental organisations. Divided into three parts, the thesis is focused first on the legal definition of INGOs and their legal status in international relations, together with a depiction of their main functions. The illustration of the legal status of INGOs is oriented mainly on the legal regulation within the United Nations and the Council of Europe, two international bodies with the most developped cooperation strategy with INGOs. The theoretic part serves to demonstrate the contrast between a weak formal position and rather informal role of INGOs in international law, which is yet getting more and more important, mainly in the area of protection and promotion of internationally recognised human rights. The second part is a case study of the tendencies mentioned...
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Capabilities of current electronic payment systems
Knap, Jiří ; Palovský, Radomír (advisor) ; Beránková, Renáta (referee)
This thesis describes the development of payment systems through time from barter payments to modern electronic payment systems, describing law background for these systems in Czech Republic and also shows capabilities of the most popular internet payment system PayPal. Finaly in this thesis I apply theoretical knowledge to implement PayPal payments into small e-shop, so the customers will be able to pay for their goods using PayPal acocunts or simple credit card payment.
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Financial market and its prospects
Papřok, Richard ; Kohajda, Michael (referee) ; Kotáb, Petr (advisor)
78 Abstract Financial market and its perspectives The purpose of my thesis is to study financial market and its prospective. The thesis is composed of two main chapters, each of them dealing with different topic concerning financial markets. The reason for my research is that I find both these as highly topical and important. Chapter One deals with indirect holding system. The chapter is divided into eight parts. Part One describes introductory terms, Part Two explains general demands on every national Indirect Holding system, Part Three deals deeply with history which seems to be really exciting. Next five Parts presents international comparison of several systems. Part One deals with the most standard American legislature with attention to voting system, Part Two with English system based on case law and with attention to proposed FMLC legislation. Part Three is devoted to the new Czech proposed system and describes some problems with new legislation. Part Seven focuses on initiative of European Commission and last part deals with two international initiatives. Chapter Two examines new European legislation concerning market in financial instruments. The chapter consists of five parts. Part One describes shortly History of European financial market harmonisation, part two describes so called Lamfalussy...
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Institutional arbitration proceedings
Veselovský, Jaromír ; Zoulík, František (referee) ; Smolík, Petr (advisor)
101 Resumé Institutionalized Arbitration In my thesis I deal with current development of arbitration. I chose this topic due to increasing common interest to solve disputes trough the arbitration proceedings. Arbitration itself represents one of the forms of alternative dispute resolution which is more and more applicable in practice. This trend sources from the fact that arbitration is faster and explicitly more flexible than the common civil proceedings. Arbitration offers an alternative to civil proceedings and it is popular tool for dispute resolution, especially as for the business law disputes. Enactment of law No. 216/1994 Coll., Arbitration act, represented a significant shift in the applicability of arbitration comparing the previous legal regulation. Aforementioned act introduced applicability of arbitration even among the domestic subjects and broaden the possibility to resolve disputes outside the state court system which in fact contributed to stabilization of business environment. Regarding the fact that proceedings in front of permanent arbitration courts in the Czech Republic, same as other foreign arbitration institutions brings the parties particular advantages, I focused on the institutionalized arbitration. My determination was also influenced by the fact that this thesis should have...
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The local fees in the Czech Republic
Turek, Jan ; Sedmihradská, Lucie (advisor) ; Kostohryz, Jiří (referee)
My diploma thesis aims to assess the planned amendment to the law on local fees and show the changes that have to occur. The planned amendment changes slightly rights and responsibilities of the municipality in the implementation of local taxes. In my diploma thesis we deal in detail with two kinds of charges - local fee for spa or recreational stays and a local charge of accommodation capacity. Rating of planned amendment preceded by analysis of the municipalities that collect those fees. I am focusing on the revenue side of their budgets. The first two chapters are theoretical. I generally describe how the law in Czech Republic influences the structure of public administration and how it prepares the budget of the municipalities. They are characterized by certain local fees and their legislative framework. The practical part is devoted to analysis of two local taxes in 10 selected municipalities and their final share in nationwide revenue from local taxes. The final part evaluates the planned amendment, indicates and shows possible problems that could occur in the future.
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The man, the society and the punishment
Zemánek, Jindřich ; Ovečka, Libor (advisor) ; Lorman, Jaroslav (referee)
ZEMÁNEK Jindřich: Human, society and the punishment, Prag: Catholic Theological Faculty of Charles University, 2010, 74 s. In this Diploma Dissertation Human, society and the punishment the author deals with issues concerning authorization of the state to punish the human individual, although this is - as the image of God - an autonomous and free being. As even the title suggests, the work consists of three parts. In the first part the author deals with man as a person created in God's image, but also a person of impaired reality of sin. The second part deals with society as a necessary condition for personal development of man. Here the author also touches on state's eligibility to use the means of coercion against its citizens, then in the third and final section talks about the penalty as one of the means of maintaining social peace. Keywords: Human, Society, Punishment, Law, Liberty
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Reflection of kashrut on the Passover holidays
Levinská, Lucie ; Nosek, Bedřich (advisor) ; Biernot, David (referee)
The master thesis "Reflection of kashrut over the Passover holidays" deals with fundamental questions regarding kashrut and endeavors to illustrate matters connected with dietary laws in the wider historical framework of Jewish religion, to explain basic principles of kashrut, and to explore the ethymology of specialized expressions unique to Jewish dietary law. Similarly it is explaining principles of Passover, for which I translated Rambam's writing Hilchot chametz u-matzah. Further it deals with Seder preparations and clarifies Passover customs and traditions. The last chapter shows the differences in customs between Ashkenazic and Shephardic communities. The information was sourced from both traditional and modern texts.
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