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Dynamic level of detail
Celba, Pavel ; Žára, Jiří (referee) ; Beneš, Bedřich (advisor)
The work aims to render real-time forest with lighting. Detailed tree models created by professional application are used. A point-based method for level of detail is used for tree model simplification and rendering. The rendering of forest is based on hierarchical view-dependent pseudo-continuous level of detail. The frustum culling is used for scene visibility testing. Novelty hierarchical impostor system is presented to speed up rendering. Two forest lighting models are used. First is directional diffuse lighting to simulate sun light and the second is ambient only lighting model. The work includes implementation of rendering system using shader programs running on graphic card. Utilities are provided for obtaining data from XFrog tree modeling utility, for converting tree to format for viewing, for creating level of detail representation of trees and placing trees into the forest.
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Power Supply System for Housis Using Renewable Resources
Gálus, Matej ; Punčochář, Josef (referee) ; Šebesta, Jiří (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is to describe the advantages of simultaneous utilization of photovoltaic and wind electricity in an autonomous system, supplying the household with electricity without connection to the electrical grid. The most used methods of connecting photovoltaic modules and wind generators to chemical batteries are discussed. Several maximum power point tracking methods and their properties are described. A block schematic diagram of an autonomous off-grid system utilizing chemical accumulators is proposed. The system also contains an inverter producing standard mains voltage 230 VAC to supply common household appliances. A Quasi-Square Wave converter topology was chosen for all three power converters. An experimental 180 W output power QSW converter with one controllable switch was designed, simulated with Pspice, manufactured and tested to verify the efficiency of the topology. Excellent agreement was found between predicted and measured efficiency at full output power. Efficiency for reliable operation varies between 89% and 92,2% at full power and depends mainly power inductor and MOSFET used. After successful evaluation of QSW topology, the power converters for the main system were designed. Because of higher power, the converters were designed as four-phase, whereas each phase contains two controllable switches to boost efficiency mainly in low-power area. The most critical and difficult part of the project was to design the mixed-signal control sections for the converters to ensure proper switching of two controllable MOSFETs in each phase. For user interactivity, main control board with graphic LC display, Ethernet module and SD memory card slot was also manufactured.
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Statistical image analysis in quality control
Legát, David ; Antoch, Jaromír (advisor) ; Dohnal, Gejza (referee) ; Tunák, Maroš (referee)
Title: Statistical image analysis in quality control Author: David Legát Department: Department of probability and mathematical statistics Supervisor: Prof. RNDr. Jaromír Antoch, CSc. Abstract: Currently, necessity to handle unstructured data rises significantly. One important area of unstructured data manipulation is signal processing such as audio and video, for which there exist many procedures. This work deals with the statistical approach to image processing, in which the image is interpreted as a representative of a random field. It describes two problems: removing noise from an image which facilitates better interpretation of the image, and image classification, in which we try to identify and recognize objects displayed. Part of the work aimed at eliminating of noise deals primarily with the use of MCMC simulation methods. These procedures can be tested in software that is included. Part of the work dealing with the classification of the image describes various modifications of classification trees methods. An example of image processing, which is the identification of defects in woven fabrics, is presented at the end. 1
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Spread of delay on railway network
Straka, Martin ; Pergel, Martin (referee) ; Babilon, Robert (advisor)
Title: Spread of delay on railway network Author: Martin Straka Department: Department of Applied Mathematics Supervisor: Mgr. Robert Babilon Supervisor's e-mail address: babilon@kam.ms.mff.cuni.cz Abstract: The subject of this work is a simulation of late trains spreading in railway net. This program shows the single simulations and creates their statistics according to different criteria (for example changing waiting periods or changes in crossing of the trains). This work evaluates and compares the results. Next point of this work is an effort to suggest the most appropriate criteria in order to prevent the train lag. Another element of this work includes searching for weak points in grafikon, which includes the trains that are late more frequently than other or do not wait for an arrival of the previous ones on their way because of the great lag. Keywords: trains, late, simulation, statistic Keywords: trains, late, simulation, statistic
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Dynamika živých organismů
Vondrák, Marek ; Pelikán, Josef (advisor) ; Kavan, Ladislav (referee)
The computer animation of articulated figures is one of the most interesting and the most developing areas of the modern computer graphics. The goal of this thesis is to get the reader acquainted with the theory of constrained rigid body simulation, which is subsequently used to construct a generic rigid body simulator with constraints and friction and the figure library suitable for the animation of articulated human-like figures. Articulated figures are represented by sets of rigid bodies (segments) connected by joints and their motion is determined by the dynamics of the corresponding segments. Additional constraints, specifying e.g. desired angles at joints or the positions of selected sites on the surface of the figure segments, allow to control the figure motion. A rich set of interactive demonstration examples presents the features of the actual simulator and the capabilities of the figure library to process motion capture data (replay motion capture data, adapt the data to external influences, map the "raw" motion capture data to the motion of figure segments, etc).
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Metodika navrhování řasových fotobioreaktorů: matematické modelování hydrodynamického míchání a předpověď parametrů světelného režimu
Papáček, Š. ; Rálek, P. ; Kopecký, Jiří ; Masojídek, Jiří ; Štys, Dalibor ; Petera, K.
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and process simulation are important tools for the design and optimisation of biochemical processes. In this contribution, the photobioreactor design methodology based on CFD is proposed. A widely used CFD package (Fluent 6.1, by Fluent Inc.) performs a numerical approximation of microalgae trajectory (pathline) inside tubular photobioreactor. Consequently, prediction of the level of hydrodynamic mixing and corresponding light regime inside the photobioreactor with effective use of strong light by high-density algal culture is possible. In the first approach, the algal suspension is considered as a single-phase incompressible viscous Newtonian fluid, which fills the whole section of the photobioreactor photic zone. Coupling the cell trajectories with the corresponding light conditions, the light histories of single cells are obtained. These records contain complete information about light regime in photobioreactor. Computer simulations for various photobioreactor design parameters and operating conditions allow to establish the quantitative relation between variables representing design and operating parameters and light regime parameters. Thus the problem of optimal PBR design could be resolved.
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Localisation of Fluorescent Probes and the Estimation of Lipid Nanodomain Sizes by Modern Fluorescence Techniques
Šachl, Radek ; Hof, Martin (advisor) ; Obšil, Tomáš (referee) ; Almgren, Mats (referee)
iii Organizations Umeå University Department of Chemistry, Umeå, SE & Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science, Prague, CZ Document name Doctoral thesis Date of issue February 2012 Author Radek Šachl Title Localisation of Fluorescent Probes and the Estimation of Lipid Nanodomain Sizes by Modern Fluorescence Techniques Abstract The thesis is divided into two major parts. The first part focuses on the localisation of probes in lipid/polymeric bilayers and in GM1 micelles. Included in this thesis is a new approach based on electronic energy transfer/migration (FRET/DDEM), which efficiently determines transversal positions of fluorescent molecules in lipid bilayers. This approach has been used to locate newly synthesized lipid probes in DOPC bilayers. The label was introduced at the end of sn-2 acyl chains of variable length. Analytical models accounting for FRET exist for a limited number of basic geometries. Here, a combination of FRET and Monte Carlo simulations enables the localisation of probes in bicelles and in bilayers containing pores, i.e. in lipid systems with variable curvature, or in non-homogenous lipid systems. This approach has been used to test whether conical-like fluorescence probes have an increased affinity to highly curved regions, which would enable preferential labelling of...
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Essays in Applied Microeconomics: School Admission Mechanisms and Corporate Bankrupcy
Knot, Ondřej ; Roland, Gérard (advisor) ; Švejnar, Jan (referee) ; Filer, Randall (referee)
In my dissertation, I address two topics in applied microeconomics. First two chapters deal with the functioning of school admission mechanisms and their affects on student school choice behavior. Third chapter deals with the question of optimal bankruptcy law design. Pupil-school matching mechanisms play a critical role in the schooling system. They affect the behavior of students and-through the information they convey-also the behavior of the schools and the authorities responsible for education policy. In the first chapter (joint with Daniel Münich), using a computational simulation model, we analyze the functioning of an admission scheme used in the Czech Republic as a prototype of decentralized, ability-based admission schemes widely used in the world to assign pupils to upper-secondary schools. Our findings show large incidence of strategic misrepresentation of school preferences among applicants, large differences between revealed and trued demand, and large incidence of justified envy in the resulting matching. We point out several implication this could have for functioning of schooling systems. In the second chapter, I empirically study the behavior of students under the Czech pupil-school matching mechanism. Using district-level data on demand for public gymnasia, I find significant evidence...
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