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Healthcare chaplaincy as a part of total care
Opatrná, Marie ; Ventura, Václav (advisor) ; Ryšková, Mireia (referee) ; Šipr, Květoslav (referee)
In the development of palliative care the Czech Republic still lags behind advanced countries. Whereas in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland palliative medicine together with pain treatment was recognized as a specialized branch already in 1987, in the Czech environment it was officially constituted as late as 2004. The core part of the WHO definition of palliative care says that "palliative care is an approach that improves the quality of life of patients and their families facing the problems associated with life-threatening illness, through the prevention and relief of suffering by means of early identification and impeccable assessment and treatment of pain and other problems, physical, psychosocial and spiritual." Palliative care thus inseparably includes attending to patients' existential, spiritual and religious needs. As one of the few exceptional facilities in the Czech Republic that follow the European trends, the Complex Oncology Centre (Oncology Clinic / Onkologická klinika 1. LF UK a VFN and Institute of Oncology, Ples / Onkologický ústav na Pleši) managed to fulfil the ESMO accreditation programme criteria and was awarded the ESMO accreditation in 2006. It thus became one of the European facilities performing integrated oncology and palliative care, a part of which is...
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Automatické třídění pošty pro IMAP servery
Kulič, Luboš ; Obdržálek, David (referee) ; Bednárek, David (advisor)
Number of received e-mail messages is growing explosively which forces users to classify them into several categories. In the presented work we introduce a tool called Apofis, which helps users to automate their routine every-day work with IMAP mailbox by sorting new messages for them and also by step-by-step creating of new rules based on their behaviour, while it still lets the user create, edit or delete the rules and thus affect the process of sorting and learning effectively. Two-level system of sorting rules is introduced - final rules, which the application uses to sort, and potential rules, which have been created according to user's behaviour and are waiting for more successes to prove their usability. Two potential rule learning algorithms were designed - the basic algorithm, fast but not accurate for some cases, and the advanced algorithm, which improves the accuracy by creating a new rule based on condition relevances determined from the organization of the whole mailbox. This thesis contains the most important facts and decisions about the design and implementation of the application and its algorithms.
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Problems of bone metabolism disorders in C/P with chronic renal failure.
VYHLIDALOVÁ, Mária
Each chronic kidney disease may lead to gradual loss of renal function. Long living with reduced renal function without obvious symptoms and complications is possible. Complications only start occurring clinically at advanced stages of the failure. A disorder of mineral metabolism of bones belongs to the most frequent disorders. The thesis ?The Issues of Bone Mineral Metabolism Disorders in C/Ps with Chronic Kidney Failure? consists of a theoretical part and a practical part. The theoretical part is divided into a medicinal part describing chronic kidney failure and bone mineral metabolism disorders. The second theoretical part deals with nursing care of C/Ps with this disorder. A quantitative method of questionnaire investigation was used for data collection in the practical part. The goal of the thesis was to map and compare knowledge among nurses working at dialysis departments with that of nurses from standard departments and to define the specifics of nursing care of C/Ps with bone mineral metabolism disorders. 5 hypotheses were set to achieve the goal. H1: Nurses working at dialysis departments have knowledge in the field of bone mineral metabolism disorders was confirmed. H2: Nurses working at standard departments have knowledge in the field of bone mineral metabolism disorders was confirmed. H3: Nurses are interested in education in the field of bone mineral metabolism disorders was also confirmed. H4: Nurses working at dialysis departments apply their knowledge to nursing care provided to C/Ps with bone mineral metabolism disorders was confirmed. H5: Nurses working at standard departments apply their knowledge to nursing care provided to C/Ps with bone mineral metabolism disorders ? this hypothesis was not confirmed by the research. The results of the bachelor thesis may be provided to the workplaces that participated in the research, they may also serve as input material for a seminar on the same topic. Improvement of nursing care of C/Ps with bone mineral metabolism disorders should however be the main contribution of the thesis.
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PROBLEMS OF ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION WITH FOCUS ON YOUTH
MAJEROVÁ, Aneta
The topic of this bachelor thesis is ?Problems of electronic communication with focus on youth. ? Electronic communication is today presented by information technology communication (ITC), whose rapid development in recent years led to great changes in ways of human communication. ICT include PC, e-mail, cell phone, internet, electronic data exchange or online shopping etc. Apart from many indisputable advantages we also need to perceive many risky phenomenon brought by ICT. Special focus is needed to be given to the part of population most endangered by these risks ? children and teenagers. Bachelor thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part presents summary of information about the present state of this topic. The content of the present state is electronic communication in general, its progress and it?s modern forms, in conclusion there are specificity and risks of using electronic ways of communication by youth defined. The practical part is determined by partial aims of research and hypothesis set in advance. The partial aims are chosen in sequence to the main aim of the thesis. The main aim of the thesis is to define problems and possible hazards of electronic communication within its recent trends with focus on youth. The research was done quantitatively by method of asking by anonymous questionnaire. Part of questions of my questionnaire was used before in Uwe Buermann?s questionnaire, therefore following interpretation included not only comparison of theoretical knowledge with outcomes of my own research, but mostly comparison of my outcomes with selected outcomes of Uwe Buermann. Interpretation is set in chapter Discussion. In conclusion of thesis I generally review the most important outcomes of research and suggest proceeding which would lessen riskiness of some phenomenoms on the internet. I give there also possible contributions of my thesis.
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"Reflections on Religion: Richard Wright and James Baldwin"
Jirásková, Anna ; Robbins, David Lee (advisor) ; Veselá, Pavla (referee)
The thesis seeks to explore how religion is depicted in the works of two of the most influencial African American authors of the 20th century, Richard Wright and James Baldwin. The analysis takes as framework Wright and Baldwin's mutual discussions about how to properly articulate the African American experience in literature. The thesis examines an autobiographical work and a novel by each author. In Wright's case, the books that are discussed are his two-volume autobiography, which consists of a first part dealing with Wright's childhood and early youth in the American South, called Black Boy, and a second part, American Hunger, recounting his adult life in the North. Furthermore, his major novel Native Son is analyzed. In the case of Baldwin, The Fire Next Time, i.e. two essays which elaborate on different episodes from Baldwin's life, and the novel Go Tell It on the Mountain are examined. The discussion is completed by insights offered by Wright in his essay "How 'Bigger' Was Born", and by Baldwin in the essays "Everybody's Protest Novel", "Many Thousands Gone", and "Alas, Poor Richard!" The first section of the thesis deals with the criticism Baldwin advanced against Wright in several essays, in which Baldwin was suggesting that Wright's angry writings have only reinforced the discourse of the...
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Two-step sintering of advanced ceramic materials with various crystal structures
Žalud, Pavel ; Trunec, Martin (referee) ; Maca, Karel (advisor)
The influence of Two-Step Sintering (TSS) process on the final microstructure of oxide ceramics materials with two different crystal structures was studied. Tetragonal zirconia (stabilized with 3mol%Y2O3, particle size 90nm and 140nm ) and cubic zirconia (8mol%Y2O3, 70nm) powders were cold isostatically pressed and pressure less sintered with different heating schedules. The microstructures achieved with TSS method were compared with microstructures achieved with conventional Single-Step Sintering schedule (SSS). The results showed that the efficiency of the TSS of these oxide ceramics was more dependent on their crystal structure than on their particle size and green body microstructure. The method of TSS brought only negligible improvement of the microstructure of tetragonal zirconia ceramics. On the other hand, TSS was successful in the sintering of cubic zirconia ceramics; it led to a decrease in grain size by a factor of 2.
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Age related macular degeneration - modern diagnostic and therapeutic preventive approach
Gogelová, Blanka ; Souček, Petr (advisor)
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a disease associated with aging that gradually destroys sharp, central vision. Central vision is needed for seeing objects clearly and for common daily tasks such as reading and driving. AMD affects the macula, the part of the eye that alows seeing of fine details. AMD occurs in two form: dry and wet. In dry AMD, the light sensitive cells in the macula slowly break down. As fewer cells in the macula are able to function, people will see details less clearly in front of them, such as faces or words in book. Dry AMD often occurs in just one eye at first. Later the other eye can be affected. The most common early sign is blurred vision. The dry form is much more common. More than 85 % of all people have thy dry form. Once dry AMD reaches the advanced stage, no form of treatment can prevent vision loss. The National Eye Institute's Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) found that taking a specific high-dose formulation of antioxidants and zinc significantly reduces the risk of advanced AMD and it's associated vision loss. Wet AMD occurs when abnormal blood vessels behind the retina start to grow under the macula. Damage to the macula occurs rapidly. With wet AMD, loss of central vision can occur quickly. The classic early symptom is that straight lines appear crooked...
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Molecular cytogenetics of selected actinopterygian fishes: insight from repetitive sequences to whole genome analyses
Majtánová, Zuzana ; Symonová, Radka (advisor) ; Marec, František (referee) ; Šťáhlavský, František (referee)
Actinopterygian fishes exhibit the greatest taxonomical diversity of all vertebrates, making this group attractive to address numerous evolutionary questions. The role of molecular cytogenetics and cytogenomics further increase because recent advances in these fields provide more comprehensive view of fish genome organization and evolutionary dynamics, responsible for this amazing diversity. My Thesis investigates the genome organization of selected fish lineages, namely basal lineages of Actinopterygians (Lepisosteidae and Amiidae) and Teleosts (Pantodontidae), together with "modern" fishes Cobitidae and Coregonidae. I have integrated conventional and molecular cytogenetic techniques together with phylogenetic and statistical approaches. Publications included into the Thesis describe e.g. the cytogenetic variability and dynamics in closely related fish species of the genus Coregonus and the impact of repetitive sequences on the ecological speciation. In contrast to the recent cytotaxonomical diversity of Coregonids, we have detected a karyotype stability associated with asexual reproduction in spined loaches of the genus Cobitis. In the subsequent publication, we describe a surprising AT/GC genome organization in gars (Atractosteus and Lepisosteus) and summarize the knowledge of genome...
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Experimental System for Shadowing Algorithms
Skupien, David ; Krajíček, Václav (referee) ; Kmoch, Petr (advisor)
From the advent of computer graphics is rendering of cast shadows one of the basic methods to evoke an atmosphere and give an observer a realistic impression. It has been a very difficult task solved by specialized machines in the order of minutes not only in the past but also in the present. However, thanks to rapid progress of dedicated graphics hardware, it is easy now to master it even for interactive graphics. It has moved from simple geometric excuses on planar receivers to convincing shadow imitations. The aim of this thesis is to develop a graphical environment capable of comparing visual and efficiency properties of different methods specialized for shadow casting and subsequently implement some of them. Two algorithms have been chosen. The first one is a simple algorithm specialized for rendering shadows on planar receivers, the second one is an advanced algorithm called shadow volumes. Both are implemented in a basic and enhanced version and capable of achieving rates from tens to thousands of FPS.
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Gas Microsensors Based on Self-Organized 3D Metal-Oxide Nanofilms
Pytlíček, Zdeněk ; Husák, Miroslav (referee) ; Kolařík, Vladimír (referee) ; Prášek, Jan (advisor)
This dissertation concerns the development, fabrication and integration in a gas sensing microdevice of a novel 3-dimensional (3D) nanostructured metal-oxide semiconducting film that effectively merges the benefits of inorganic nanomaterials with the simplicity offered by non-lithographic electrochemistry-based preparation techniques. The film is synthesized via the porous-anodic-alumina-assisted anodizing of an Al/Nb metal bilayer sputter-deposited on a SiO2/Si substrate and is basically composed of a 200 nm thick NbO2 layer holding an array of upright-standing spatially separated Nb2O5 nanocolumns, being 50 nm wide, up to 900 nm long and of 8109 cm2 population density. The nanocolumns work as semiconducting nano-channels, whose resistivity is greatly impacted by the surface and interface reactions. Either Pt or Au patterned electrodes are prepared on the top of the nanocolumn array using an innovative sensor design realized by means of microfabrication technology or via a direct original point electrodeposition technique, followed by selective dissolution of the alumina overlayer. For gas-sensing tests the film is mounted on a standard TO-8 package using the wire-bonding technique. Electrical characterization of the 3D niobium-oxide nanofilm reveals asymmetric electron transport properties due to a Schottky barrier that forms at the Au/Nb2O5 or Pt/Nb2O5 interface. Effects of the active film morphology, structure and composition on the electrical and gas-sensing performance focusing on sensitivity, selectivity, detection limits and response/recovery rates are explored in experimental detection of hydrogen gas and ammonia. The fast and intensive response to H2 confirms the potential of the 3D niobium-oxide nanofilm as highly appropriate active layer for sensing application. A computer-aided microfluidics simulation of gas diffusion in the 3D nanofilm predicts a possibility to substantially improve the gas-sensing performance through the formation of a perforated top electrode, optimizing the film morphology, altering the crystal structure and by introducing certain innovations in the electrode design. Preliminary experiments show that a 3D nanofilm synthesized from an alternative Al/W metal bilayer is another promising candidate for advanced sensor applications. The techniques and materials employed in this work are advantageous for developing technically simple, cost-effective and environmentally friendly solutions for practical micro- and nanodevices, where the well-defined nano-channels for charge carriers and surface reactions may bring unprecedented benefits.
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