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Use of ESI index for drought monitoring and crop yield forecasting
Jurečka, František ; Anderson, M. ; Hlavinka, Petr ; Hain, C. ; Wayne, D. ; Gao, F. ; Johnson, D. M. ; Otkin, J. ; Žalud, Zdeněk ; Trnka, Miroslav
Remote sensing is already for many years used for various analysis providing limited factors for agriculture production. Drought monitoring, vegetation conditions in the fields and crop\n131 yield forecasting in context of climatic conditions of recent years seem to be crucial. Methods of remote sensing use various wavebands behaving differently under different surfaces and vegetation covers. Remote sensing use many indices for study of vegetation conditions and agriculture landscape and for forecasting yield. In this case, index ESI (Evaporative Stress Index) was used for drought monitoring and yield forecasting. Index ESI is used by ALEXI model (Atmosphere-Land Exchange Inverse model).\n
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Remote sensing as support tool for agricultural drought assessment
Hlavinka, Petr ; Semerádová, Daniela ; Balek, Jan ; Žalud, Z. ; Tadesse, T. ; Hayes, M. ; Wardlow, B. ; Trnka, Miroslav
Very important information about vegetation condition within wide areas (through continents and states) or for local areas in resolution from hundreds to tens of meters could be obtained from satellites within remote sensing. The temporal and spatial continuity is big advantage of this method. Namely so-called vegetation indices are often used for vegetation cover condition assessment. The aim of submitted study is to present possibility of using EVI2 (Enhanced Vegetation Index) for assessment of drought impact within vegetation. The results for selected years of the period 2000-2015 achieved using MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) aboard Terra satellite are included. The data in weekly time step and for the whole Czech Republic are presented.
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Effect of a graduate of field of study Special Education - tutorship in practice of providers of social care
SALABOVÁ, Jana
Theoretical part of the thesis is divided into 4 main chapters. First one deals with the helping professions generally, their definitions and definition of the Special education - Tutorship branch of study per se.It also briefly touches the subject of readiness of the future graduates to deal effectivelly with the challenges of a career in the field of social services. Chapter number two is called Special education and it defines the subject of special education itself, it's purpose and inner structure. Third chapter focuses on social services. It brings up it's definition and types and forms of social services.It also contains the examples of the institutions which fall into this category and it's providers. Chapter number four, which happens to be the last one in the theoretical part of the thesis, covers the role and purpose of graduates of the special education - tutorship studies. It brings up the definition of a social worker, necessary prerequisites as well as beneficial personality traits and feautures. In a subchapter of chapter four is a short description of a pedagogue tutor. Definition who he actually is, who are proper candidates for this position, what are desired personality traits we look for in tutors and the actual content and purpose of their work in institutions providing social services. The end of chapter four is dedicated to a position of a social worker. His activities, the position and definition of a personal assistant and again personality traits needed for a successful career in this field. The objective of the practical part of the thesis is to describe working of Special education - tutorship studies graduates in practice. Particularly their experiences "from the field", how do they evaluate the level of skill of fresh graduates during their first encounters with the reality, how satisfied are they with their choice of a career so far and what was their motivation to pursue such career. Practical part of the thesis includes qualitative research. To meet the above objectives, data collection technique had been chosen using a structured interview with the respondents, who were graduates of Special education tutorship studies. You can tell by the results of this thesis that graduates in the field of social services apply mostly to lower positions as a social service workers, even though they are qualified to perform as a social workers. The age of clients with whom the respondents work ranges from childhood to senior. The motivation that led those questioned respondents to the decision to choose the area of social services varies. Some reported that they were influenced by the actual practical experience during their studies at the university, when both the work itself and their enthusiasm for the target group played role. Others expressed they had previous experience working with people with disabilities or they just wanted to acquire new experiences. Also, involvement of a family member and their previous education was a motivation. Job satisfaction is evident from observed data, and it also contributes to work done accurately and responsibly. Personal benefits for the respondents according to findings are usually their usefulness at work, new experiences they are getting and last but not least advances of their clients. As the biggest advantage the respondents usually mention variability of their work, target group and the clients in itself and the fact, that their work is highly satisfying and they basically work in a very pleasant team of individuals. On the other hand, not exactly satisfying financial reward and challenging working hours are mentioned as disadvantages. Special education - tutorship studies - the branch they've studied, is by the majority of respondents considered to be beneficial for them and they especially highlight practical impact of practice they completed during their studies and which included visits to various relevant institutions.
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Supervision in psychiatric nursing
RŮŽIČKOVÁ NEUŽILOVÁ, Michaela
Basic theoretical background The theoretical part of the thesis explores the issue of supervision and focuses on psychiatric nursing. It is divided into several parts. The first part is focused on supervision, briefly characterizes supervision as such, then it describes its divisions, functions and methods. It also explores the participants of supervision, the agreement on supervision, transcultural supervision and Balint groups. The following part describes historical development of psychiatric nursing, briefly presents the personality of Joyce E. Travelbee. In the conclusion of the theoretical part of the thesis the problems of education and competence of nurses in psychiatric care are introduced, marginally mentioning the Turku declaration. The aim of the work The main aim of the thesis is to investigate the awareness of nurses working in psychiatric care of the clinical supervision options. The task of the second objective is to find out the opinion on supervision of nurses working in psychiatric care. The third objective is focused on means to assist nurses working in psychiatric care in their personal development and growth within their practices. The purpose of the fourth objective is to find experience with supervision of nurses working in psychiatric care. The methods used Qualitative investigation was chosen for the empirical part of the thesis. The method used for data collection was in the form of semi-structured interview. The interviews with the respondents were taken down using a voice recorder and transcribed, qualitative data was then analyzed by pencil and paper encoding technique and semantically organized into 27. groups of categorization. The selection of a research sample was intentional, consisting of twelve nurses working in psychiatric care in the Czech Republic. Results The research focused on nurses who do not have personal experience with supervision revealed that they have certain awareness of the supervisory process, however not quite sufficient to be able to describe the nature and function of supervision in its entirety. Their knowledge is rather theoretical. They understood supervision as help to solve disharmonious relationships in the workplace, as well as it could improve communication skills of the nurses, it would also assist in dealing with crisis intervention and prevent burnout syndrome. The results regarding nurses who do not participate in the supervisory process clearly indicated that they have insufficient support and the opportunity for both their professional and personal growth in their workplace, while this important could be solved by supervision. The research, which covered only nurses who have had personal experience with supervision and regularly participate in it, showed that their knowledge and skills related to the supervision process are quite sufficient to be able to understand and use supervision practically in the whole range. These nurses sees supervision as a benefit that would allow them not only to understood themselves, but also to learn how to manage challenging situations that are a part of their profession. Supervision gives them confidence, provides support and teaches them to deal with people who are part of their work process. Supervision has become a tool for preventing burnout and showed them how to use their own potential effectively. Conclusion This thesis is focused on the use of supervision in psychiatric nursing. Working with mentally challenged patients is very demanding, therefore supervision plays its justified role there. If you do not know yourself and you are not able to solve your own problems, you can never effectively and comprehensively address the problems of others, who are often desperately waiting for your help. The results will be presented at professional seminars designed not only to nurses working in psychiatric care.
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The use of (nano)oxides for metal and metalloid stabilization in contaminated soils
Michálková, Zuzana ; Komárek, Michael (advisor) ; Luke, Luke (referee)
The main objective of the thesis was to evaluate the potential of selected Mn and Fe (nano)oxides for the stabilization of metals and metalloids in contaminated soils. The research was focused basically on three materials - commercial nanomaghemite (Fe III), nanomagnetite (Fe II,III) and a synthetic amorphous Mn oxide (AMO). The main aim of the work was to provide a complex view on the chosen stabilizing amendments regarding not just their direct influence on contaminants mobility and stabilization mechanisms, but also their stability and alterations in soil conditions together with influence on soil microorganisms and higher plants. Firstly, adsorption properties of the tested materials towards Cd, Cu, Pb and As were investigated. In this context, the most effective material showed to be the AMO reaching one to two orders of magnitude higher adsorption capacities than Fe III and Fe II,III under given experimental conditions. Interestingly, the rate of As(V) adsorption onto AMO was increasing with increasing pH as a result of high pHzpc of the AMO (8.1) and significant dissolution of this phase at lower pH values. As a next step, the influence of (nano)oxides on metal(loid)s mobility and other physico-chemical soil characteristics after application to contaminated soil was examined. Again, the AMO proved to be the most efficient in reducing mobile pools of Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn and As. On the other hand, Fe III and Fe II,III addition had generally less significant effects on contaminants mobility. AMO application further resulted in an increase of soil pH connected with AMO dissolution and unwanted decomposition of soil organic matter. When (nano)oxides alterations in soil conditions were observed, MnCO3 coatings were identified on AMO surface while no significant changes were recorded for Fe III and Fe II,III. As the MnCO3 formation was connected with increased AMO stability, AMO particles synthetically covered with MnCO3 coating (denoted as SM AMO) were prepared. Although the SM-AMO had a lower mass loss in soil than pure AMO, the stabilizing efficiency was almost the same for both materials. The differences in surface composition of both materials were decreasing with time as MnCO3 naturally precipitated on the AMO surface in soils while the SM AMO coating was gradually dissolving. When investigating the effect on soil microbiota, AMO efficiently promoted soil microbial activity while no significant changes were observed in the case of Fe III and Fe II,III. The AMO was also able to reduce the uptake of Cd, Pb and Zn by sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), eliminate Zn phytotoxicity symptoms and increase biomass yield. On the other hand, toxic levels of Mn released from the AMO in an acidic soil were found in sunflower tissues. AMO application is thus recommended for contaminated neutral or slightly alkaline pH with a higher cation exchange capacity in order to avoid unwanted release of Mn. Finally, various types of AMO-biochar composite sorbents were recently prepared and field experiment focused on stabilization of Cd, Pb, Zn and As using studied materials is currently under preparation. The combined results from the thesis highlight the importance of a complex experimental approach dealing with all parts of the contaminated soil environment in order to obtain complete information about the efficiency and usefulness of any newly developed stabilizing amendment.
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Usability of connectivity metrics as predictors of species distribution
Kučera, Michal ; Šímová, Petra (advisor) ; Krčílková, Šárka (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to evaluate whether connectivity indices are usable for bird prediction.
The study area contains of the whole country but is divided into separate squares with area of
133 km 2 each, where the presence or absence of the bird species is known. The dependence is
tested on landscape connectivity indices presented by prof. S. Saura. The land cover contains
of Corine land cover 2012 data. The results will be evaluated with logistic regression approach
on sample data including 4 different dispersal distances (500 m, 1 000 m, 2 000 m and 3 000
m) and 10 specific bird species typical for given land cover. The corelation between land cover
area presence of the bird is also tested.
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Impact of horizontal and vertical pattern of habitats on birds diversity
Schovánková, Hana ; Šímová, Petra (advisor) ; Moudrý, Vítězslav (referee)
This diploma thesis follows up the influence of horizontal and vertical structure of biotopes on biodiversity of bird species of Czech Republic of forest and open sites. Vertical structure model was created from digital model of surface of Czech Republic (1st generation) and digital model of relief of Czech Republic (5th generation). Information about horizontal structure were derived by analyzing aerial imagery. Then single variables were detected from these data. Subsequently, it was analyzed which of these variables and which way influence bird diversity. On both types of sites was found increasing bird diversity with increasing diversity of vertical structure. With increasing horizontal structure, however, bird diversity significantly increased only on open sites. The influence of other characteristics was mostly different on bird diversity of open and forest sites, but, for both types of sites, the positive influence had for example edge density of land cover categories or edge density of height categories. Additional part of this thesis was to explore if vertical characteristics of biotopes could influence prediction of selected bird species. Results was different in forest and open biotopes, nevertheless in both types of sites was found potential use of both horizontal and vertical variables.
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Tool to assess the landscape connectivity in different area units and dispersal distances
Chrumko, Adam ; Šímová, Petra (advisor) ; Krčílková, Šárka (referee)
The purpose of this diploma thesis is to introduce a basic summary of landscape connectivity calculations mainly focusing on the Conefor program and the effect of input parameters on output landscape connectivity indices. One of the main goals is to create an ArcMap Toolbox to simplify the calculation of landscape connectivity indices for many areas of interest. Basic squares that cover the whole Czech Republic were chosen as main areas of interest. These units are used for example for mapping the abundance of flora and fauna. The same indices were calculated for NUTS3 and LAU1 areas in order to compare effect of size of input areas. This thesis provides a simple solution in the form of a Python Toolbox for Esri ArcMap to calculate overall indices of landscape connectivity through a Conefor command line application for a large number of input areas. Forest connectivity for different dispersal distances and input areas of interest was calculated with this Toolbox. As an input vector layer of forests, CORINE land cover data from mapping period 1990, 2000, 2006 and 2012 were used. Input dispersal distances were chosen in the range from 50 to 50.000 meters in order to comprehensively describe their effects on indices. Resultant forest and connectivity changes are represented by cartograms; the effect of input data on output indices is shown in graphs.
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Tree inventory and proposal of new trees along old carriage road in Kostelec nad Černými lesy
Novák, David ; Bažant, Václav (advisor) ; Vítámvás, Jan (referee)
Thesis is focused on the Carriage route at Kostelec nad Cernymi lesy as a historical and dendrological route from Kostelec to Cesky Brod. Content of this thesis is the inventory of historical and exotic trees along this route, furthermore there is contained offer, how to proper treat this trees and also, following sprout of trees to fill the alley. Thesis rates the condition of neighboring exotic cover of Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Phellodendron amurense, Juglans nigra and Carya cordiformis.
During the inventory along the route, there was found in total 13 autochtonous and 13 allochtonous trees. At these individuals were find out information about the height, diameter growth at breast height, age, stability, health condition and also the physiological age. The result of this thesis is a list of recorded trees with theirs scores of physiological attributes, then the offer, how to proper treat this trees and following sprout of trees to fill the alley. All these information are transferred into map file in software GIS. Further thesis contains information of this historical route and archival maps.
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Provision of Equine Assisted Activities and Therapies and the biggest organizations in Czech Republic and Slovak Republic
Jindříšková, Jana ; Doležalová, Jana (advisor)
The main goal of this bachelor thesis is to define conditions for providing the ill with Equine Assisted Activities and Therapies. In this way the readers can learn a definition of Equine Assisted Activities and Therapies, what education and experience therapists who want to implement this practice should have and what requirements should a horse meet to be used in the therapy. In the next part I do research on coverage of Equine Assisted Activities and Therapies expenses by insurance companies not only in Czech, but also in Slovak Republic. The research also includes answers to the questions, what criteria should a patient meet to get hippotherapy care covered and what attitude to such care the insurance companies have. Besides problems in relations insurance company, patient and centre of Equine Assisted Activities and Therapies, in my thesis I describe the biggest centers of Equine Assisted Activities and Therapies in Czech Republic and Slovak Republic.
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