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UHV-EC transfer system for electrochemical surface science studies
Jakub, Zdeněk ; Vanýsek, Petr (referee) ; Bartošík, Miroslav (advisor)
This thesis deals with the combined ultra-high vacuum (UHV) and electrochemical (EC) studies of selected iron oxide surfaces, namely Fe3O4(001) and -Fe2O3(012). The state-of- the-art knowledge regarding these surfaces is briefly reviewed, and importance of understanding these materials in the electrochemical environment is discussed. The design of the transfer system between UHV and EC environment is presented; individual features of the system are thoroughly discussed and the system is used for testing the stability of the Fe3O4(001) (2×2)R45° surface reconstruction in ambient conditions. The experimental results presented in this thesis show that the Fe3O4(001) (2×2)R45° reconstruction, utilized as an adatom array for single atom catalysis studies, survives both exposure to air and to liquid water, if the exposure is achieved in well-controlled fashion. Further, this thesis presents the first-ever atomic scale scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) study of the -Fe2O3(012) surface, which is important for photoelectrochemical water splitting. STM images of two surface reconstructions of the -Fe2O3(012) surface known to date are presented. A bulk terminated model of the (1×1) reconstruction is confirmed and a novel surface structure model for the (2×1) reconstructed surface is proposed. Adsorption studies of H2O and O2 on the (2×1) reconstructed surface are documented by timelapse STM.
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Preparing high school students for college in the field of science and professional education
KOSTKOVÁ, Miroslava
This thesis focuses on issues of science and vocational education in secondary vocational schools. The theoretical part describes the natural sciences such as: biology, chemistry and physics, and their importance in science and mathematics and its role in technical and scientific disciplines. There are also described the possibility of preparing students for secondary vocational schools, extra study students as secondary vocational activity and subject soutěže- Olympics. The practical part describes performed exploratory probe aimed at finding information for high school students of secondary vocational activities and the Olympics and opinions of students on the importance of the study entrance examinations for college. In the last section of the practical part are defined requirements of selected universities to prospective students.
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Inquiry-based science education - practical application and implementation in school practice.
BENDOVÁ, Ivana
This bachelor thesis deals with the review on the subject of implementation of Inquiry Based Education (IBE) at primary and secondary schools in the Czech Republic and in other countries. IBE is introduced as a direction that might solve the crisis of science education and alleviate the decline in interest in technical and natural science disciplines. The main goal of the thesis is to gather the greatest possible deal of information about the topic of IBE. It is also aimed to summarize knowledge about implementation of IBE at Czech schools, especially teachers´ experience. Another aim is to create a sample task of IBSE on the voluntary subject of either natural science or biology that may be used for teaching. Another integral part of the thesis is the chapter on the pilot project called IBSE School that took place in the Faculty of Education of the University of South Bohemia. In this project, teachers were informed about IBSE. In this part, the results of implementing of IBSE at schools are summarized and they are compared to the previous results.
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Proceedings of the 15th International Seminar on Recent Trends in Charged Particle Optics and Surface Physics Instrumentation
Mika, Filip
The origins of the seminar “Recent Trends in Charged Particle Optics and Surface Physics Instrumentation” date back into the eighties, when as a part of the isolated “Eastern Bloc”, we were short of English-language books, papers and conferences. In 1990, at the second Seminar, there were as many as 30 participants from 5 countries. The third Seminar in 1992 was moved to hotel Skalský dvur in the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands where it has been held as a biannual meeting ever since.\nThe Seminar takes place in a secluded lakeside hotel surrounded by beautiful nature and calm forests, so all participants have a great possibility to see each other every day and to discuss their topics of interest in more detail. This is a great advantage compared to the huge bustling conferences with their many parallel sections, which are a lively celebration of science but\nsometimes it is difficult to meet there the person with whom you want to discuss a particular scientific topic in more detail.\nFrom the very beginning, the Seminar has been conceived as a meeting devoted more to asking questions not answered yet, than to reporting results. This spirit is usually less present in the introductory presentations and posters but is dominant in the following discussions.\n
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Supervision as a tool for development of students - future social workers
ŠABARTOVÁ, Alžběta
The main instrument of improving the social work education in the Czech Republic is the guideline The Minimum Standards of Education in Social Work issued by the Association of Educators in Social Work. According to this Standard, a student of social work, as a future social worker, shall have not only theoretical, but also practical knowledge which include professional practical training and supervision. It is also essential to become aware of the fact that a student, as a future social worker, will bear the responsibility when helping people in difficulties. Therefore, the school should ensure that any information a student receives during his/her study, is supplied to him/her in a seizable form. That is why it is important that the school provides its students with a supervision which is to improve the quality of their professional preparation, offer them insight in social worker profession and help them solve not only any divergences a student can see between theory and practice. The aim of the Dissertation is to seek higher-education supervisors´ and students´ views of the supervision implemented as a part of future social workers´ studies. Two research questions have been raised within the Dissertation. How do the students future social workers perceive the supervision which is implemented as a part of studies? What do supervisors consider as the purpose of supervision (which is realised as a part of studies) for students future social workers? The necessary information for the elaboration of the Dissertation were acquired through qualitative research. Interviewing and a semi-structured dialogue technique were chosen as the most suitable data collection method. Two research groups were chosen for the needs of the Dissertation. The first group consists of highest-class students in the field of social work at the Faculty of Health and Social Sciences and Faculty of Theology at the University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice. The other research group consists of supervisors operating at the Faculty of Health and Social Sciences and Faculty of Theology at the University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice. The research showed that students perceive supervision as useful and purposeful. Students appreciate the possibility of exchanging their experience. Differences appeared regarding the duration of the supervision session. Students mostly do not know what to talk about during supervision. Greater part of the students has not a problem to confide to a supervisor, but shortcomings were also found in this respect. Regarding the supervisors of professional practical training, in their opinion, the purpose of supervision is especially to educate students, improve students' knowledge, interconnect the theory and the practice, support students in the course of their professional practical training and give students the opportunity to reflect their own practical experience. There was also raised an idea to establish supervision directly in workplaces, where students exercise their professional practical training. The Dissertation may serve as a feedback for supervisors and as an educational material for students. It can also be used to obtain a more comprehensive picture of functioning of school supervisions of professional practical training that takes place in universities.
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A national comparison of the academic publication output of the Czech Academy of Sciences: quantity vs quality and co-authorship
Jurajda, Štěpán ; Kozubek, Stanislav ; Münich, Daniel ; Škoda, Samuel
This study maps out in detail the contribution made by the Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS) to the publication output of the Czech Republic for journals listed in the Web of Science (WoS) database. The comparison covers not only the share of the total publication output, but also the share of the excellent publication output, i.e., publications in top-tier journals of respective fields enjoying the most academic prestige. A comparative look at the period 2010-2014 shows that in the vast majority of scientific fields with representation from the CAS scientific teams, the CAS is significantly more focused on publishing in the most prestigious international journals of the WoS database than are others in the Czech Republic. Research cooperation by the CAS in the form of co-authorship takes place at the national level in various fields with differing levels of intensity, as well as differing in the qualitative focus of such cooperation. The sources for this study include the unique bibliometric data processed during the 2015 exercise, the ‘R&D Evaluation of CAS units for 2010-2014’.\n\n
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Application of chaotic dynamics in natural and technical sciences
Kratochvíl, C. ; Švéda, P. ; Hortel, Milan ; Škuderová, Alena ; Houfek, M.
During the entire 20th century there was a gradual transformation of scientific research, which has produced in science and technology especially in the extraordinary interest in complex dynamic systems. They are non-linear systems, operating environments and the irreversible complexity in their name means they have complex structures, relations and interactions (often of different physical nature). It turned out that an inherent attribute of these complex systems and chaos (deterministic and stochastic). The article will focus on some aspects of the manifestations of chaos, its spread, as well as identification, suppression and control. We will mention also other important phenomena - the possible emergence of a new order out of chaos.
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Experimental Methods and Numerical Simulation in Engineering Sciences, Proceedings of XIIIth Bilateral Czech/German Symposium
Jiroušek, Ondřej ; Kytýř, D.
These proceedings contain the invited talks and contributed articles of the XIIIth Bilateral Czech/German Symposium held in Telc, Czech Republic. The symposium is focused on experimental methods and numerical simulation in engineering sciences. The proceedings capture the trends in development of experimental methods in mechanics of structures and materials (regardless to the material and structure type, covering fields from civil and mechanical engineering to biomechanics) as well as deployment of particular solution for measurement and automation systems for evaluation of experimental data.
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MONDIS: Knowledge-Based System of Failure of Historical Constructions
Valach, Jaroslav ; Cacciotti, Riccardo ; Čerňanský, Martin ; Kuneš, Petr
The main aim of introducing and developing a knowledge-based system of failure of historical constructions called MONDIS is to overcome a lack of data on defects of monuments. MONDIS proposes a methodology capable of reproducing the logical relationship between the manifestation of damage, its diagnosis and the possible interventions. Based on novel information sciences tools, like semantic technologies, the system will be able to assist users in finding similar failures cases, in analyzing the causes of damage and also suggesting suitable restoration techniques accordingly to conservation principles of intervention.
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Value orientations and perceiving of meaning in life by Jehovah´s Witnesses
VÍT, Pavel
This thesis is concerned with the research of values, value orientations and perceiving meaning in life by members of the Jehovah´s Witnesses religious community. It´s goal is to identify, which values recognise Jehovah´s Witnesses and how do they perceive meaning in life. In theoretical part is characterized this religious community and described values, value orientations and meaning in life as a psychological and other social sciences phenomena. In empirical part are observed values and meaning in life of 4 research participants - Jehovah´s Witnesses. Research was realized in a qualitative design, using methods of Grounded Theory and using semi-structured interview as a technique of data collection. On the basis of data analysis are presented recognized values and perceiving meaning in life by Jehovah´s Witnesses.
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