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Analysis of dijet events in diffractive ep interactions with tagged leading proton at the H1 experiment
Polifka, Richard ; Valkárová, Alice (advisor) ; Taševský, Marek (referee) ; Newman, Paul (referee)
Title: Analysis of dijet events in diffractive ep interactions with tagged leading proton at the H1 experiment Author: Richard Polifka Department: Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics Supervisor: RNDr. Alice Valkárová, DrSc. Supervisor's e-mail address: avalkar@mail.desy.de Abstract: An inclusive dijet production in diffractive deep-inelastic scattering is measured. The diffractive selection is based on tagging of the leading proton in the Forward Proton Spectrometer. The statistics of events obtained during the HERA II running period (integrated luminosity of 156.7 pb−1 ) enables the measurement of jet final states with leading proton for the first time. The data cover the phase space of xIP < 0.1, |t| <= 1.0 GeV2 and 4 <= Q2 <= 110 GeV2 . The dijet data are compared with the next to leading order predictions of the quantum chromodynamics (QCD). The phase space of diffractive dijets is in this analysis by factor of 3 in xIP larger than in previous measurements. The QCD predictions based on the DGLAP parton evolution describe the measured data well even in a non-DGLAP enriched phase space where one on the jets goes into the region close to the direction of the outgoing proton. The measured single-differential cross sections are compared to several Monte Carlo models with different treatment of...
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EOG signal processing using Arduino
Typovský, Viktor ; Králík, Martin (referee) ; Harabiš, Vratislav (advisor)
This bachelors thesis deals with scanning and processing EOG signal. Processing means displaying EOG signal detection and eye movement. The theoretical part is first described the formation and properties of EOG signal. Furthermore, they describe factors affecting EOG. The practical part is then given proposal hardware solutions to capture this signal and processing algorithm. Scanning EOG signal is realized by means of the instrumentation amplifier. Its filtration is used lowpass Sallen-Key. It was decided to maintain during scanning DC component of the signal. But that was a problem regarding the electrode potential. This problem would be resolved by the proposed compensation circuit. Processing the resultant signal is then performed in an environment Processing using Arduino platform. EOG imaging algorithm and motion detection functions and is given.
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Gröbner bases
Petržilková, Lenka ; Žemlička, Jan (advisor) ; Růžička, Pavel (referee)
In this thesis we remind you of the basic Buchberger algorithm for com- puting the Gröbner base over commutative polynomial rings. We also observe uniqueness of the Gröbner base for the ideal. Next we research less known, but more effective (for some instances) Faugère F4 algorithm. At the end of the first chapter we compare these two algorithms. In the second chapter we analyze a generalization of the Buchberger algorithm for noncommutative rings both for free algebra and factor algebra. On the contary to the commu- tative case, Gröbner bases can be infinite in this case, even for some finitely generated ideals. Among other things, we investigate quasi-zero elements,i.e. such elements, that we get zero by multiplying them with an arbitrary term, and their role in the division of a polynom by set of polynoms. 1
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Flow detection using optical intereference methods
Hoštáková, Nina ; Štohanzlová, Petra (referee) ; Kolář, Radim (advisor)
The thesis deals with LSCI (Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging), an optical method utilizing laser speckle contrast for the estimation of blood flow changes. LSCI is non-invasive and technically not demanding approach, capabilities of which have not yet been fully exploited. The literature review part contains detailed description of the operating principle, imaging techniques, potential for medical applications with considering the limiting factors. The main aim of the thesis is to design and construct a complete LSCI system including appropriate phantoms able to simulate blood flow through the tissue. Imaging algorithms for the obtained data evaluation were implemented in Matlab® development enviroment. Finally, the created system was tested using different acquisition parameters as well as varying the image processing schemes. The resulting qualitative flow images were subsequently discussed and confronted with the theoretical assumptions.
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Algorithm of imaging methods of injuries of the neck of the femur in the case of seniors
TOČÍKOVÁ, Miluše
The bachelor thesis deals with the incidence of femoral neck injury in the elderly. The work is divided into a theoretical and practical part. As the number of people of retirement age is growing, the rate of injuries associated with this age group has been increasing as well. It is necessary to accept the idea that age is a stage of human life, which every individual must eventually face. A femoral neck fracture is one of the causes of mortality and morbidity in the elderly. The incidence of this injury has been increasing both in developed countries and in the Czech Republic. A femoral neck fracture represents a threat for mobility and independence of seniors. Some people are then permanently dependent on mobility aids, while others remain in institutional care. The most common cause of femoral neck fractures in the elderly is a fall on their side, which is caused by a complex interaction of external and internal factors. The first imaging method used during a medical examination is sciagraphy, which is one of the oldest methods. It allows physicians to assess the preoperative condition of the hip joint and postoperative check-ups during the treatment by alloplasty or perioperative condition with the use of osteosynthesis. It is beneficial for the above-mentioned group of people to carefully assess the bone metabolism. A healthy bone is constantly reconstructed, it continuously breaks down and a new bone replaces it. With age, the degradation of bone prevails over bone formation and the bone begins to "thin". This disease is called osteoporosis. It is a disease that pertains to the civilisation diseases. It is often only diagnosed at an advanced stage, when it is already increasingly susceptible to fracture incidence. The factors of osteoporosis include an unhealthy lifestyle, hormonal changes in women after menopause, when there is a decrease in the level of calcium, a major weight loss etc. A painless, non-invasive method, by means of which a doctor can obtain comprehensive information about the amount of bone mineral in the examined part of the bone, is a densitometry test, or DXA. This test uses x-rays at two energy levels. The DXA method can be measured as a whole-body mineral content as well as any other part of the body. Other causes, which increase the risk of a femoral neck racture, are bone metastases. The proximal portion of the femur, including the femur neck, metastatically affects especially primary lung cancer, kidney cancer, thyroid, breasts in women and prostate in men. At an early stage, bone metastases are asymptomatic. Clinical symptoms such as pain can occur, when the metastatic process penetrates the periosteum and surroundings of the bone, thereby irritating the neural structures. Another symptom is the emergence of pathological fractures. Bone metastases are helping us uncover laboratory tests and diagnostic imaging methods, which include, for example, scintigraphy. Bone scintigraphy can detect a metastatic process much earlier than X-ray examination. The aim of the work was to describe the principles of individual imaging methods, which help doctors to determine the correct diagnosis, to learn more about the femoral neck injury in the elderly and about causes of their ocurence. Moreover, the two hypotheses were established: 1. The most frequently used method in case of a femoral neck injury is skiagraphic examination. 2. That is why more than a half of femoral neck injuries are diagnosed in the elderly. The practical part was elaborated on the basis of a quantitative research. The data needed for the research were obtained from case studies of patients hospitalized in the orthopedic department of the Hospital Tábor a.s., in the period from 1st April 2014 to 31st March 2015.
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Location estimation of Internet nodes
Němeček, Ladislav ; Balej, Jiří (referee) ; Komosný, Dan (advisor)
This paper deals with methods of stations’ IP geolocation. It’s describes the methods of passive and active geolocation and it’s more focused on active searching methods, which usees measuring the latency in network. The factors causing delays in data transfer are discussed first, followed by discussion of the issue of measuring these delays. After that a brief description of PlanetLab experimental network, which nodes were used for delay measurment. Main topic is practical implementation of method Constraint-based Geolocation in Java programming language. Last but not least the measurement results of CBG algorithm are tested.
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Ways to test for Helicobacter and calprotectin
LAVIČKOVÁ, Lucie
H. pylori is a gram-negative rod bacteria of a spiral shape. It is obligatory microaerofile. It has strong urease activity. It colonize the stomach mucosa and it is proved, that almost the half of human population is colonized. H. pylori concluding other factors can cause gastritis which can become chronic. Other diseases can be influenced by chronic gastritis - for example: gastroduodenal ulcer disease and stomach adenocarcinoma. H. pylori is concerned to be carcinogen of the first class. Calprotectin is a cytosol protein. It gradually releases from activated or lytic leucocytes. It is made of monocytes and neutrophiles. Calprotectin concentration in in faecal specimen correlates with the amount of leucocytes in intestine's lumen. This finding allows doctors to estimate the amount of intestine mucosas' infiltration by leucocytes according to evaluation of calprotectin levels. Calprotectin is highly sensitive to the presence of intestine inflammation, so it is a proper indicator of unspecific intestine inflammation diagnostics. The main aim of my bachelor thesis is to become familiar with identification methods of H. pylori and calprotectin in labs. Moreover, I aimed to become familiar with proper results interpretation of used methods. I estimated a hypothesis and an experimental question. In the theoretical part I focused on contemporary knowledge about H. pylori a calprotectin. I described common diagnostic methods, illnesses they cause and their treatment. The experimental part took place at Microbiology department of Stafila spol. sro laboratories. I examined the presence of H. pylori in faecal specimen by DIMA method. I determined the calprotectin levels by BUHLMANN method. I personally worked with 25 samples. I did my work in guidance of MUDr. Cihlová and her colleagues. I statistically examine my results. I made statistics of H. pylori frequency and determined the hypothesis. I also made statistic of negative, positive and strongly positive numerosity levels of calprotectin in faecal specimen and found the answer to my question.
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Algorithms for calculating the position, velocity and time from GNSS signals
Kučera, Tomáš ; Kovář, Pavel (referee) ; Tejmlová, Lenka (advisor)
This master thesis describes the principles of the Global Navigation Satellite System GNSS, specifically the GPS, GLONASS and Galileo systems. The thesis analyzes the structure of individual GNSS subsystems and introduces their properties. The algorithm for calculating the position is designed in the interactive programming environment MATLAB for the processing of GPS and GLONASS sampled signals. The position is calculated by a distance measurement method which searches for the intersection of spherical surfaces. The calculation is designed for four satellites and when more satellites are detected, the calculation is repeated for all possible combinations. From this position the combination with the lowest DOP (Dilution of Precision) factor is determined, and the calculation of the position is repeated for the best constellation of satellites. In this thesis the user graphical interface for entering the input of data, input parameters and the display of calculated values are created. Finally the calculation of the measured data is displayed on the selected location online map portal
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Neural Networks and Their Applications
Chaloupka, David ; Rozman, Jaroslav (referee) ; Zbořil, František (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is to present a consistent insight into the most frequently used types of artificial neural networks and their applications. It depicts feedforward neural networks with backpropagation training algorithm, Hopfield networks and self-organizing maps (Kohonen maps). Second part of this thesis demonstrates typical applications of described networks and discusses various factors, which influence performance of these networks on chosen tasks.
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