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Coping strategies in children´s fear and pain in relation to nursing care
PROCHÁZKOVÁ, Zuzana
For the nurse, taking care of hospitalized children is important not only pediatric nursing knowledge, personal and social preconditions, but also the theoretical and practical competency of methods and techniques, which are used for identification and effective influencing of pain and fear. The aim of this thesis was to identify the main sources of fear of the hospitalized preschool and young school age children and to find out the effective methods and principles of the cooperation with children, alternatively with their accompanying parents in order to moderate the fear of the small patient. Then the thesis tried to chart the nursing diagnostic and evaluation procedure of the pain and get the most used nursing methods of non-pharmacological pain relief. To obtain the necessary data, the qualitative research was used with a semi-structured interview as a research instrument. The first research group consisted of 12 nurses, the second group consisted of 12 children ´s patients of preschool and young school age. The majority of the asked nurses thinks, that children´s patients are afraid especially of non-familiar environment, then of the awaited pain and of the solitude without parents. However, the most patients said, that they were afraid especially of pain, then of non-familiar environment, restriction of their needs, hostile attitude of the medical staff and of the other neighbouring patients. They were also frightened of the death and of the darkness. Most reported nurses mean, that the most effective solution of the children ´s fear is the friendly attitude of the medics. They also mentioned the fact of taking the focus off the fear and the presence of the parents is also beneficial. The nurses ´ answers were in conformity with patients opinion in two fields - friendly attitude of the medics and taking the focus off the fear. Then the children mentioned abiding of their specifics in connection to falling asleep and the demand of beying treated by the same sister or by few same sisters. All respondents also talked about the benefit of parents presence. Regarding the principles of the cooperation, nurses answered the importance of united medical procedures, especially the proper way of information transfer. Then the respondents nurses mentioned the psychical and emotional support for children and their accompaniments, the atmosphere of confidence and the value of well done education. Also the need of calm, silence and privacy was stated. Unlike nurses, children and their parents regarding to principles of the cooperation prefer the psychical and emotional support, then the importance of enough information was mentioned. The fourth research question bears on the methods used for children pain monitoring. The nurses said, that the intentional interview with the patients or with the parents was used as a main technique, that was stated by patients as well. Research question number five said: What are the most used nursing methods of non-pharmacological pain relief at children? Most responded nurses mentioned the distraction of children attention from the painful incentive, then the importance of physical methods, relief position and purposeful preparation for the unpleasant intervention. Nurses also named the helpful contribution of the parents, relaxing exercises and the method of imagination. Regarding the pain treatment, it was noted, that all patients prefered the analgesic therapy. Then they quoted the distraction of their attention from the painful incentive, the friendly attitude of the medics, using the ice compress and the relief position. In the pain acute phase, children required mostly calm, comfort and privacy. All children also considered the presence of parents as very helpful. The theoretical and empirical part of the thesis are suitable for being studied by nurses taking care of children and it can be helpful for nursing quality improvement at children ´s wards in hospitals.
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Students´ motivation for the work in social sphere
DUCHOŇOVÁ, Kristýna
The topic of this bachelor thesis is the motivation of students to work in the social sphere. Selecting a domain is an important milestone in the life of each of us, the aim of the work is to determine what factors affect the young person during the election field with a social focus and how his motives during his studies and during his practical experience varies.The work is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part describes the social work and its history, definition, ethical standards and goals. The work deals with the role of a social worker and describes his competence. Presents preconditions for occupational choice and the factors that influence this choice. It also deals with motivation, defines it and acquaints us with concepts such as motive, value or need. Work is affected by motivation theories and recalls the hierarchy of needs of Maslow. In the seclusion does not stay the work motivation in helping professions, questionable motives or burnout, which occurs currently in the social sphere more frequently than in other sectors. The practical part is focused on quantitative research, when the survey begins with primary school pupils who have just chosen their future focus. This part aims to determine what percentage of these students opted for the social sphere and what lead to this decision. Further quantitative research conducted among high school and college students who attend branch with a social focus. Here, the work reveals the most common and most important motives of students, satisfaction with the chosen field of study and their expectations of future studies and career. Here we will also learn how many students want after graduation stay in the field. In the practical part there is also a qualitative research, which complements the whole job. Semi-structured interviews are conducted with students, but also with a social worker. These respondents describe us closer their motivation for working in the social sphere. According to the results which this research brought, it can be stated that most of the students choose a subject with a social focus to have the opportunity to help the others. But is true that many students are choosing a school prematurely and are influenced by the place of residence, their friends or the nature of the study, most of these people don´t know what they can expect from the field and are often discouraged during their studies. From this work could in practice benefit pupils and students who decide for the field of social affairs. For teachers working in schools where the research took place,could this work serve as a feedback. Especially the part which describes the differences between expectations and reality can be used.
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Social perception of Game Management with emphasis on social group dealing with ornithology
Menclová, Barbora ; Obleser, Petr (advisor) ; Adámková, Jana (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on evaluation of the stand of ornithological comunity on game management under the terms of problematical relationships between these two groups. Its goal is to chart the concrete fields of arguments within the legislation, as well as game management´s beneficial effects and moral aspects. Another pursuit is also to sketch the realization of possible cooperation. Using questionnaire, which was sent to members of Czech Society for Ornithology and its regional subdivisions, the respondents answered 20 questions and these results were statistically evaluated.
The results show, that game management itself is perceived slightly differently compared with perception of individual hunters. The game management is evaluated more as salutary, whereas the hunters evoke rather negative feelings among respondents. It can be caused by subjective experiences, which influence the way the respondents see the whole game management society. Legislation seems to be the often repeated problem, to be concrete its breaking for example by illegal hunting or insufficient demands for to get a hunting and a gun licence. Ornithologists would also welcome changes regarding the list of the game animals. Problem is also the insufficient knowledge of hunters in the field of ornithology and ekology, which could be solved by tightening the conditions for the hunting and the gun licence.
From the proposals, which were laid in the questionnairy and which are dealing with improving of the mutual relations, the respondents voted mainly discussion - collective, regular, at the expert level, where could be possible to solve actual issues relating game management, as well as ornithology.
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Psychological and social aspects of unemployment
Kyselová, Jitka ; Kebza, Vladimír (advisor)
This Master´s thesis deals with the issue of unemployment as a phenomenon of contemporary society. It highlights the impacts posed by the loss of jobs not only on individuals but also on entire families. It presents the definition of psychological, social and health aspects affecting the quality of life of people without a job. It also defines unemployment, its development, types, importance of work, ways to reduce unemployment, loss of social status. The research is focused on empirical investigation using a form of qualitative research. I am finding a subjective experience of unemployed persons, their opinions, but also their attitude towards the job search. The results of this research is to determine what impact unemployment has on the lives of people. The conclusion suggests possible solutions leading to the impact of an unemployment.
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The motivation for the social work profession
KOŽURIKOVÁ, Magda
The thesis deals with the motivation that leads social workers to the choice of this profession. It refers mainly to the fact that the social work profession does not always act on the basis of pure motives, but sometimes its motives to help people can be not entirely correct. Despite this fact it cannot be said that such employee is unfit for social work. The crucial thing is to become aware of the source of the desire to help others and to learn to work with it. The theoretical part of the thesis should lead the readers who are involved in helping professions to think about what their motivation to be a social worker is and to use their knowledge for the benefit of their work and their clients. At the end of the theoretical part I deal with the burnout syndrome which may be caused by unresolved shady motives for a worker and also the question of the proper motivation and taking care of it. The practical part contains a study carried out by means of questionnaire, which was designed for social workers / social service workers in organizations if the Moravian-Silesian Region. It deals with the study of motivation (the motivation in choosing their profession, how the length of practice affects the motivation, the care of worker motivation in organizations, positive and negative motivation factors).
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Příspěvek na péči a jeho úloha při úhradě služeb sociální péče
Malá, Jitka ; Pikola, Pavel (advisor)
V diplomové práci se zabývám specifiky příspěvku na péči, jako formy finanční pomoci při úhradě poskytované sociální péče. Teoretická část charakterizuje a shrnuje legislativní rámec, zásadní změny v oblasti sociálních služeb a podmínky pro poskytování v případě nepříznivé životní situace.
Praktická část obsahuje výzkum a výsledky financování domova pro seniory.
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Psychological and social aspects of unemployment
Kyselová, Jitka ; Kebza, Vladimír (advisor)
This Master´s thesis deals with the issue of unemployment as a phenomenon of contemporary society. It highlights the impacts posed by the loss of jobs not only on individuals but also on entire families. It presents the definition of psychological, social and health aspects affecting the quality of life of people without a job. It also defines unemployment, its development, types, importance of work, ways to reduce unemployment, loss of social status. The research is focused on empirical investigation using a form of qualitative research. I am finding a subjective experience of unemployed persons, their opinions, but also their attitude towards the job search. The results of this research is to determine what impact unemployment has on the lives of people. The conclusion suggests possible solutions leading to the impact of an unemployment.
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Psychological and social aspects of unemployment
Bakajsová, Kamila ; Kebza, Vladimír (advisor) ; Bredárová, Kristina (referee)
The thesis deals with problems of unemployment. Particularly, it is focused on psychological and social aspects. The literature review describes unemployment as economical, social and psychological problem. The sample of unemployed respondents is described in the empirical investigation to characterize and describe feeling and determinants of unemployment. Empirical investigation is focused on experience with unemployment, family of unemployed and their behavior and ability to accept this situation a cope with that. In conclusion the empirical investigation, the research into the most frequent negative and positive feelings of the unemployed is discussed.
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State social support in terms of staff and clients
Wagnerová, Hana ; Světlíková, Daniela (advisor) ; Klára, Klára (referee)
This thesis is dedicated to a system of providing and paying out benefits according to a legal code No. 117/1995 based on social security benefits described in the theoretical section. The practical part of this thesis deals with a survey concerning the Czech Labour Office employees in particular regions as well as clients of Contact Offices in Rumburk-Šluknov - the State Social Securtity Benefits Dpt. The aim was to obtain data cocerning the paid out benefits and to receive a valid feedback about a current social system from the side of employees as well as clients. The case interpretation studies regarding families paid out by the State Social Security Benefits Dpts. are involved in the thesis, as well. The contemporary social system was analysed in terms of its practical usage in order to avoid the possibility of its misusage. The key issue and its solution were given as a conclusion.
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Analysis of social services level in the Ústí Region
Franková, Romana ; Prášilová, Marie (advisor) ; Irena, Irena (referee)
This thesis analyzes the level of social services in the Ústí region.
In the theoretical part they are generally characterized by social services. Closer is performed in general as to the method of financing social services, as one of the parameters of the level of social services. Further analysis is provided social services provided in facilities in the Ústí region and development expenditures in the years 2007 - 2013 in selected social care services, with analysis of their financing using elemental characteristics of time series. As part of the work is done the necessary analysis of demographic trends in the Ústí region for the period 2005 - 2014, including calculated the most important indicators of demographic trends, as one of the prerequisites for determining the required process development in the field of social services.
The practical part is using questionnaire establishes the level of social services in the Ústí region from the perspective of service users, applicants or services to the general public. Their evaluation were used statistical methods in the field of addiction qualitative character.
The result of this thesis are proposals for measures that should contribute to the creation of quality social services system, a wide range of social services and their development.
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