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Comparison of selected european underground
Mikoláš, Dominik ; Homolka, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Šeráková, Petra (referee)
The theoretical part of bachelor thesis deals with the interpretation of technical terms about underground and with the historical development of European underground. Nine selected representative underground is described in the next part more detailed. Special attention has the Prague underground.
In the practical part there is a comparison of nine underground according to fare, length, occupancy and pace of development. The last part of the practical part deals with comparison of the Prague metro in terms of construction, costs in recent years and also with aspect of time. All comparisons are made in the form of analysis, comparison and synthesis by using data from official sites of individual transport companies operating undergrounds.
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Comparison of various methods monitoring insect diversity in sown flower strips and neighboring fields of winter wheat and winter oilseed rape
Kolařík, David ; Kazda, Jan (advisor) ; Josef, Josef (referee)
In this study we deal with comparison of insect monitoring methods on flowering strip, wheat and oilseed rape. The experiment is located at two study sites: Crop Research Institute at Ruzyně and Experiment unit of Czech University of Life Sciences in Uhříněves. The experiment was carried out in 2015.
To make monitoring we utilized sweeping net, Möricke yellow traps, transect counting and as a supplementary method we utilized light trap. Monitoring was done in 25 of June, 16 of July and 12 of August 2015. These dates were chosen because of flowering of the strip which was the most important issue in this study. As a result of this the insect diversity in other almost harvested variants was quite low.
The most important insect species quantities were collected from Möricke traps in all three variants. But this fact could be naturally based on the attractivity of the yellow color, so we can´t reliably say, if in out of bloom rape or wheat could be present this high amount of insect or if it is only being attracted by color of the trap from the neighborhood.
The second method with the highest insect occurrence was sweeping net. Again the highest species diversity was described from the flowering strip.
The lowest amount of insects was noted in transect counting. This method has (contrastingly to the others) disadvantage in the high possibility of fail to detect small insect, which are normally noticed by the other methods.
Light trap monitored about the highest species number, where the majority of species belong to order Lepidoptera. That sway this method was employed only to enrich the species diversity.
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Comparison of student bank accounts in the CR
Kuklišová, Michaela ; Steininger, Michal (advisor) ; Ondřej, Ondřej (referee)
This work is focused on student bank accounts which are determinate for students
of secondary schools and universities. The theoretical part focuses on the history of money and the bank system in the Czech Republic, followed by information about Czech National bank, past and present, commercial banks, their specifications, history and interesting facts. The following are specified account services, such as account and student account.
In the practical part was used a questionnaire established criteria that have an impact
on the selection of banking product, which banks are the most frequent, student satisfaction with the bank or the purpose of having a student account. In another part of practical research there are specifications and comparison of the student bank account and compared to each other. To select the most suitable student account was considered a model student, who was identified on the basis of the questionnaire. From final comparison of student accounts are generated two best student accounts, account Fresh from Česká spořitelna and account G2.2 from Komerční banka. The final choice depends on the specific preferences of the client.
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Basic comparison winter wheat and neighboring flowering strip
Suchý, Viktor ; Kazda, Jan (advisor) ; Josef, Josef (referee)
Summary
The winter wheat belongs to the staple crop not only around the whole world, but also in the Czech Republic, where it has been grown on about 38 percent of the cultivated land and, regarding the general share of cereals, on 60 percent of the cultivated land. Since the cereals do not provide nectar, nor are they the valuable source of pollen, as regards to the diversity of insects the cereals provide rather poor environment. The lack of food resources for the living species of insects in the agricultural landscape influenced by the high ratio of cereals should be compensated by flowering strips. Regardless of the potential of the flowering strips to support the biodiversity of insects in landscapes, the flowering strips could boost useful species of insects in surrounding plants and help with pest control.
In 2014 the research experiment on a flowering nectar-rich biostrip supposedly improving the presence of pollinators as well as natural enemies was done on the field of the research station in Uhrineves, Prague. In autumn 2014 the winter wheat was sowed and then in spring 2015 the flowering strips consisting of 12 plant species were sowed along one side of the winter wheat field. The observations of the insect species presence were always conducted during favourable climatic conditions from the beginning of June until the harvest of winter wheat in late July. Insect captures were conducted using Moericke traps method once or twice a week and sweep-netting method once every two weeks. The number of insects species such as predators (Coccinellidae, Cantharidae, Staphylinidae), parasitoids (Hymenoptera parasitica) and pollinators (Syrphidae) were observed. Simultaneously, the intensity of flowering including species of weeds was assessed. The open flowers were counted on four unchanged spots on the field, the area of 1 square metre. MS Excel was used for data processing.
The hypothesis of the project has been confirmed. Using the sweepnetting methods, the higher number of monitored insect species has been found in the flowering strips compared to the wheat vegetation. Significantly higher number of parasitic wasps specimens has been observed. The sweepnetting method is considered as an appropriate in comparison to Moericke traps, which have been luring the insects in the vicinity, but have not proved the real presence of insects in the cover.
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Basic comparison of insect species diversity in various varieties of winter oilseed rape and neighboring flowering strip
Souček, Jiří ; Kazda, Jan (advisor) ; Josef, Josef (referee)
Rape seed is an very important crop in Czech republic. It is and economic plant and also good plant for another plants sowned another year. This caused that a lot of fields is sowned with rape seed. Rape seed is demanding a lot of chemistry against pests. This cause that in those fields is lower insect biodiversity. Flowering strips could be helpful to get higher insect biodiversity. Also it could help to decrease pests in rape seed.
Research was observing insect predators (Syrphidae, Staphylinidae, Coccinillidae, Cantharidae) and parasitoids (Hymenoptera parasitica).
Moericke traps were not a good choice for measurments of insect predators and it didnt prove higher diversity of those predators. However, Moerickeho traps proved that higher number of Brassicogethes were correlating with higher number of parasitoids.
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Growth performance of common-sized planting stock and saplings after plantation on forest sites
Kaiser, Josef ; Kuneš, Ivan (advisor) ; Tužinský, Marek (referee)
The clear-cut area which is afforested in the Czech Republic is around 20 th. hectares large annually. In the last decades, we have observed frequent periods of the spring and late summer drought, which significantly negatively influence survival of the reglarly used transplants (RUT) however. Thus, it is necessary to search methods, which can decrease such losses. One possiblity how to solve this problém is to used containered transplants, the second one is the use of the plant material (PM) of bigger size (semi-large-sized=SLSPS and large-sized planted stock=LSPS). These larger plants are more resistant to unsuitable influences of environment than the RUT. The advantage of SLSPS and LSPS is also shorter time of necessary care to plants and lower costs to secure plants in comparison to RUT. Above mentioned facts were taken into consideration in creation of instructions for my bachelor thesis. The goal was to estimate the parameters of mortality and growth of selected various PM, moreover on sites heavily influenced by human activities. As model trees were selected: oak (Quercus robur) and lime (Tilia cordata). PM was generally bare-rooted (RUT, SLSPS and LSPS) and planting was done by mechanize equipment (into bored holes) at study sites Truba (Kostelec nad Černými lesy) and Hůrka (Planá nad Lužnicí). The first part of experiment was established at Truba on area of former forest nursery and cosisted of lime RUT and LSPS, the second one was established at site Hůrka in area of former sand querry, where RUT, and oak and lime SLSPS and LSPS were used. No one site was moved during experiments. The measurement on Truba was repeated on spring and on autumn 2012-15 and in 2015 on Hůrka. The height of PM was evaluated by using scale lath, the thickness of stem was measured above ground by using digital scale. Subsequently, data were evaluated in Excel and statistically tested by Kruskal-Wallis test. The results indicate, that mortality of RUT at Truba is 5 times larger than that of LSPS. The similar result was obtained also at Hůrka, the mortality of lime RUT was twice larger than in case of LSPS however. The lowest mortality was observed surprisely on SLSPS. The comparison of the oak RUT and LSPS indicated no any differences in mortality. The mortality of oak PM was generally significantly lover than lime PM one. Statistical tests also indicated, that the size of study sets of PM was too low for optimal scientific evaluation of selected parameters. The obtained results also indicate, that important factor, which influences mortality must be (apart from type of the PM) also additional, non-defined factors of environment up to now.
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Comparison of the nutritional quality of school meals
Plisková, Gabriela ; Kouřimská, Lenka (advisor) ; Diana, Diana (referee)
School lunches are a part of a day for almost every child, therefore it is important to serve nutritionally balanced meals in canteen and to supply children with nutrients. School canteens are important educational resources, providing a model that guides student food choices and composition of their meal could be a possible mechanism for child obesity prevention, what has become a phenomenon of these days. According to the regulation of the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports no. 107/2005 Coll. a school lunch should provide 35% of the daily income of energy.
In this work were evaluated lunches of two Czech elementary schools in period of 10 days. The nutritional value of meals was evaluated by lists of used food processing and subsequent their comparison with recommended doses in the Nutriservis program.
The results of comparing with recommended values were similar for both schools. Lunches at both schools exceeded the recommended daily dose prescribed for protein, sodium, potassium and vitamin C. Contrary calcium had not reached the recommended daily dose anytime.
We can´t conclusively say, that the school served meals were unsuitable, because the meal consumed during the rest of the day is not included.
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Comparison of spruce sawflies of the genus Pristiphora in the mountains after 10 years
Englártová, Šárka ; Holuša, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Lukášová, Karolína (referee)
The presence of sawfly Pristiphora was observed in mountain areas in 2015, particularly in Beskydy (Bařiny), Šumava (Královský Hvozd) and Krušné hory (Klínovec). Observation was carried out in there mentioned areas in young spruce stands.Sawflies were cathed help by Malaise trap. Locations were controled every 14 days from April to July 2015. Sawflies were categorized into species and then by gender. At the end results were obtained by statistic program, which confirmed close dependance between flying activity of sawflies and spruce sprouting.
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The Local Action Group (LAG) Říčansko as a tool for rural development in the region
Žilková, Monika ; Hejnák, Václav (advisor) ; Petra, Petra (referee)
The thesis contains an evaluation of LAG as a tool for development of the rural region. The default hypothesis is that the LAG Říčansko has of its region and the influence of this effect can be evaluated positively. It followed the trends and developments in the field of rural development with a focus on the LEADER approach. Furthermore, for the final evaluation analyzes the structure of the LAG, the selection of supported projects and the implementation of cooperation projects. Part of the work is devoted to the characteristics and the current situation in the region LAG Říčansko. As a basis for the design of projects in problematic areas include a description of activities of some foreign LAG in Germany and Austria. The aim is achieved through interviews with workers LAG Říčansko and compares its structure and focus of the recommended and mandatory requirement for LAG. It was also the focus of supported projects compared with regard to problem areas in the region. The main part of the job evaluation LAG was a questionnaire survey among inhabitants of the region, partners and holders LAG regional brand Zápraží original product, which was focused on knowledge of the activities of the LAG and satisfaction with the treatment. Economic efficiency projects LAG was assessed using a cost-benefit analysis (CBA) of the selected project. Due to the nature of the project, its methodology was amended and as a result of its work is proposed for evaluating the effectiveness of cooperative projects using space CBA cost utility analysis (CUA). Knowledge about the work of LAG Říčansko are summarized in the conclusion that the MAS Říčansko has on the region a positive effect. Conclusion also includes the realization that this fact is only sustainable if the LAG will respond to changes in the region and its activities will involve local stakeholders in all sectors in sufficient representation.
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