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Pick´s disease and the specifics of the nursing care of a patient with this disease
KOPKAŠOVÁ, Lenka
Pick's disease is a degenerative-atrophic process that primarily affects the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain. Besides Alzheimer's disease, it is a lesser known form of dementia which affects people of younger age. Although the exact range of Pick's disease occurrence varies in the literature, the average reported age is between 50-60 years. The disease can change eating habits, cause emotional swings, inappropriate behaviour and sloppy appearance of the patients. The behaviour to others is often selfish, the patients are unable to listen to others and ignore their surroundings. Pick's disease is also characterized by inappropriate sexual behaviour. Globally, the number of dementia patients is still growing and according to expert guesses the increase will continue. Nursing care for patients with dementia is therefore becoming a very actual topic as dementia is called a quiet epidemic of our century. Nurses in their departments quite frequently encounter patients suffering from dementia of various origins at different stages of disability and the staff at healthcare facilities often regard these people as a burden. The aim of this thesis, which is called Pick's Disease and Specifics of Nursing Care for Patients with this Disease, is, based on the theoretical knowledge, to map definitions and diagnosis of Pick's disease, to define the needs of such a patient, and to list the most common problems in the nursing care. It focuses on people with dementia within medical facilities. For proper understanding of the problem, the thesis starts with the anatomy and physiology of the brain and the description of cognitive functions which are affected by the dementia syndrome and the definition of dementia. Based on the studied literature, dementia is divided according to various criteria. It has been found out that dividing dementia is not entirely uniform, but the essential facts and overall opinions of the authors do not diverge. Pick's disease belongs to a group of frontotemporal dementia and its position in this group has changed over time, as it is recorded in the literature. The thesis includes recommendations resulting from the studied literature in the approach to patients with dementia and emphasizes personal communication with the patients and empathetic and humane approach. Although medicine cannot prevent dementia, an early diagnosis of a specific type of dementia and correctly targeted treatment can increase the quality of life not only of the patients but also of their families. I have chosen this topic because I find it very current and interesting. During my nursing practice at the Surgery Department and Aftercare Department, I have met patients suffering from dementia and I did not know how to properly and efficiently communicate with them. For the theoretical part of my work, the methods of explanation, synthesis and induction on the basis of Czech and foreign information sources have been used. The most frequently quoted Czech authors in my thesis are doc. MD. Roman Jirák, PhD., the head of the center for diagnosis and therapy of Alzheimer's disease at the psychiatric clinic of the General University Hospital in Prague, the 1st Medical Faculty of Charles University. This thesis can serve as an informational and educational source both for nurses and the general public who may experience the disease within their families. It would be considered a great success if it helped nurses or family members to diagnose Pick's disease or other dementia at an early stage.
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Biomass as a base material for the production of fuels and energy
HUBAČ, Tomáš
Nowadays, with the dwindling fossil fuels there is need to find a new source of energy. One of interesting possibilities is to use biomass. The energy from biomass can be obtained in many ways. There are three main directions. Thermochemical conversion which involves incineration, gasification and pyrolysis. The biochemical conversion which comprises of anaerobic fermentation, aerobic fermentation and alcoholic fermentation. Last option is physical-chemical conversion comprising of esterification. Subsequently gained biofuel is divided into I, II, and III generation according to the method of production and resources. Alternatively derived biofuel equals, and sometimes surpasses the fossil ones. Biofuel has basic division into liquid (bioethanol, bio-oil, etc.), solid (wood pellets, briquettes, etc.) and gases (biogas, etc.). We should mention the need to improve the efficiency of existing technologies and to invent new economical and environment-friendly techniques.
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Analysis of environment in CR regions
Serafínová, Petra ; Svatošová, Libuše (advisor) ; Jaroslav, Jaroslav (referee)
The environment is an important part of human life, which greatly affects the quality of human health and the entire population. On the quality of the environment is given ever greater emphasis, since there is an increase in the negative anthropogenic effects. To avoid these impacts or reduce their consequences should protect the environment. The important part is sustainable development in order to keep a full-fledged environment to future generations.
In this thesis I analyze the main pollution by pollutants in the years 2000-2013 from all stationary sources in the district of Karvina, and from mobile sources of the Moravian-Silesian Region. Based on the statistical data of the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute, I processed an analysis of time series methods, has chosen trendy model with a forecast of future progression. For the years 2014 - 2016, I calculated the prediction of emitted pollutants.
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Social Life in Rural Area
Kučerová, Kamila ; Majerová, Věra (advisor) ; Petra, Petra (referee)
This submitted thesis concerns itself with social life in the countryside, specifically in Peruc, located in Ústecký kraj. The paper consists of two parts. The first, theoretical part, describes particular expressions, out of which some have been further researched and worked upon in the context of personal research. On the basis of available printed materials a description of the village has been drawn in a geographical, historical and contemporary aspect. The practical part provides a research plan and a choice of appropriate methods for research and data collection. An analysis of demographic indexes has been conducted and four semi-standardized interviews with the village and local organisations' representatives have been implemented for a better understanding of the social situation. Out of the spectrum of methods belonging to quantitative methodology, a survey type of research has been used to confirm or refute set hypotheses, which was followed by a discussion and a recommendation for the village and local organisations' leaders. Recommended suggestions could contribute to ameliorating social life in the village and therefore increasing general well-being and augmenting the village's grade. At the end the thesis has been shortly summarized, followed by a description of the most intriguing research findings.
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The contribution theology Cardinal Schwarzenberg Vatican Council?
GRONES, Martin
Initial idea of this work: " The contribution theology Cardinal Schwarzenberg Vatican Council? , The de facto theological story that " started " at the September provincial council in Prague ( 1860) , and over the First Vatican Council ( 1869-1870 ) , the place - the fundamental ideas of Cardinal Schwarzenberg - up to II . Vatican Council (1962-1965). We must ask ourselves what was the theology of Cardinal Schwarzenberg exceptional and why has the range and in the decades after the First Vatican Council. These questions and many others began to form this work. Response them in three circuits . The first issue is the milieu of contemporary Czech society, which entails " Czech question" because it has the attributes of the ideas of Jan Hus, who was one of the requirements to be " God's word could freely proclaim," which Cardinal Schwarzenberg sees as one of the keys to their pastoral care to address the overall " religiously sentient inhabitants " to what is now called ecumenism, and the Cardinal called her a contemporary "family faith." So the family home environment to be introduced to the "family environment" of the Church, which "does not divide, but integrates" . The second area is the communion of the Catholic congregation, which already carries specific nature of faith , which gives information on the human , not as individuals , but persons as believers lives and moves "in communion" communion sanctorum "that accompanies the believer personally and for boundaries of the church (the Church). Therefore, even in sacred spaces Divine Liturgy promotes "Discourse in the middle of the Mass," because it helps ensure that a person liturgically activated in "upgrade of Church's thinking" (that later " aggiornamento ") in the world. The third issue is the consistency believer in education as Cardinal Schwarzenberg has a graduate character: discipline, teaching and cultivating. In this characteristic "inculcation" of a person into a "divine milieu" of humanity is in the attributes of participation in "completing the world that God created Undone", as taught by A. Günther , and one has a personal interest in "his physiognomy ." All three themes should help understanding " personal infallibility of the Pope," which is not deistic static, is based on the individual, but carries the story of spiritual formation tradition of the whole Church, in whose center is the Christological fraternity, to which the " indoctrinated " hierarchy of jurisdiction, which cannot be separated from each other, but in accepting the structure of the human being shed on the integral concept of the Catholic Church as organic. Which took place in the contemporary modification to the II. Vatican Council.
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The especially pedagogical support for university study of students with the specific educational needs
KUKLOVÁ, Veronika
This bachelor thesis investigates a special educational support provided to university and college students with specific educational needs. This support is carried out by advisory centres, which help students with facilitation of their studies and orientation in the academic environment, as well as try to balance their studies and therefore compensate limits that accompany medical disadvantage or disability. The main aim of this thesis lies in an analysis of the resemblance of special educational support at the public college and universities. Particular goals are to determine, whether there are at the universities and colleges internal policies present concerning the support of students with specific educational needs, and to investigate, whether the private institutions provide the support to students with special educational needs as well. The paper consists of theoretical and practical parts and of the appendix. In the theoretical part we find three main chapters. The first one deals largely with discerning of specific and special educational needs. Simultaneously, it includes also a characteristic of students with sensory disability, somatic disability or with chronic disorders. Furthermore, it provides information on students with psychological disorders or with a specific learning disability. Second chapter focuses on the process of tertiary education and on differentiation of public and private institutions. The last chapter of the theoretical section is concerned with the form of special educational support and special counselling. A quantitative analysis was used for the practical part of the paper. The collection of the data was carried out by the method of content analysis and questioning. The research sample consisted of 18 centres of public tertiary education institutions providing support and of 2 expert centres of private schools. Collected data from public institutions were analysed and divided into three relevant categories. Analysed data from private schools were categorised by the availability and arrangement of the support for students with specific educational needs. Consequently, the data set was gathered, categorised and then compared to the results of the research. From the conclusion of the practical part, some recommendation emerged for optimization of some of the study events. The description of executing support for final state exams are nowhere to be found in the internal policies of researched schools, some attention could therefore be focused on the events of final state exams; partly on the execution of the actual exams, partly on the final thesis and their defences. The current situation at the public institution should provide some inspiration to the private schools. By inspiration is, in this case, meant the area of providing specialized counselling for applicants for studies and for students with specialized educational needs. Also, another possible improvement could be made in public schools, if the institution was able to create optimal conditions of the study for the students with physical disability and medical handicap. This thesis can be used by future students with specific educational needs, in the revised form it can provide information about the possibilities of study, which is supported by the experts from the tertiary education institutions. Perspective student can find information on the extent of support of specialized educational needs in the Czech Republic. The thesis can benefit experts as well, it can also help the spread the knowledge of of this problem throughout the public.
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Economic Impacts of Social Policy on Selected Sectors of the Czech Economy
Kašparová, Kateřina ; Severová, Lucie (advisor)
We live in the 21st century, when more than ever solves finance, economy in terms of both the individual and the state, but also the European Union, which affects every Member State and the Czech Republic is no exception. State economic situation continues to affect both small and large companies, entrepreneurs and individuals who under the influence of the surrounding developments make decisions affecting not only the present but also the future. Economic decisions impinge on the functioning of the state authorities, which is taking steps to support the decision given on the company, such as electronic records of sales, taxation and other laws affecting their business. This impacts directly or indirectly to a particular individual moving in the country's economy. The aim of the dissertation is to express the economic impact in terms of social policy on selected sectors of the Czech economy, both theoretically and practically. The economic impact of social policy affects the financial situation of the economically active population who are hit by unexpected life situations. It is degraded in the social position due to declining economic level, which is then inadequate and social policies often do not sufficiently take into account the economic situation of the individual before and after the establishment of that situation. And the individual is often unable to adequately use the possibilities that social policy allows. The main reason is a lack of awareness, that should act on the individual before the emergence of the situation and create awareness in the people about the possibilities of resolving the situation. Unexpected life situations addressed by social policy, which is also solvable through its tools, job loss or inability to continue to engage in employment. Both options associated with a decrease in working capacity, which addresses social policy through the provision of disability pensions. These covers Czech Social Security Administration through district administrations throughout the country. The State influences the amount of disability pensions minimum the setting of wages, the basis of assessment, determination of the percentage amount of disability pension, including its reduction limits or minimum time required insurance. The aforementioned indicators in the calculation of invalidity pension, which becomes a very individual matter, but is influenced by the rules of 441,000 persons receiving this pension, which in the third. stage reaches an average amount of 10 262 CZK. With this funding slightly higher than the minimum wage, individuals must manage and deal with the new situation. Economic impacts caused by unexpected life situation affects not only the individual himself, but also its surroundings. To eliminate these negative economic impacts serve other instruments of social policy that could improve the financial situation. However, this is a significant administrative burden for which the required knowledge about the possibilities, which include care allowances, mobility allowances, certificate of persons with disabilities, but also the opportunity to appeal against the decision of the Czech Social Security Administration to withdraw and so improve its economic situation.
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Application of optimization methods in hydrological modeling
Jakubcová, Michala ; Máca, Petr (advisor) ; Hanel, Martin (referee)
Finding the optimal state of reality is the main purpose of the optimization process. The best variant from many possibilities is selected, and the effectiveness of the given system increases. Optimization has been applied in many real life engineering problems as in hydrological modelling. Within the hydrological case studies, the optimization process serves to estimate the best set of model parameters, or to train model weights in artificial neural networks.
Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is relatively recent optimization technique, which has only a few parameters to adjust, and is easy to implement to the selected problem. The original algorithm was modified by many authors. They
focused on changing the initialization of particles in the swarm, updating the population topology, adding new parameters into the equation, or incorporating shuffling mechanism into the algorithm.
The modifications of PSO algorithm improve the performance of the optimization, prevent the premature convergence, and decrease computation time. Therefore, the main aims of the presented doctoral thesis consist of proposal of a new PSO modification with its implementation in C++ programming language. More PSO variants were compared and analysed, and the best methods based on benchmark problems were applied in two hydrological case studies.
The first case study focused on utilization of PSO algorithms in inverse problem related to estimation of parameters of rainfall-runoff model Bilan. In the second case study, combination of artificial neural networks with PSO methods was introduced for forecasting the Standardized precipitation evapotranspiration drought index.
It was found out, that particle swarm optimization is a suitable tool for solving problems in hydrological modelling. The most effective PSO modifications are the one with adaptive version of parameter of inertia weight, which updates the velocity of particles during searching through the multidimensional space via feedback information. The shuffling mechanism and redistribution of particles into complexes, at which the PSO runs separately, also significantly improve the performance.
The contribution of this doctoral thesis lies in creation of new PSO modification, which was tested on benchmark problems, and was successfully applied in two hydrological case studies. The results of this thesis also extended the utilization of PSO methods in real life engineering optimization problems. All analysed PSO algorithms are available for later use within other research projects.
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Business and social activities of V.F. Červený and his sons in the context of family life and political-economic upswing of nationally conscious Czech society
Pavlík, Jiří ; Jančík, Drahomír (advisor) ; Jakubec, Ivan (referee) ; Šůla, Jaroslav (referee)
Jako téma své disertační práce jsem si zvolil podnikatelské a společenské aktivity V. F. Červeného a jeho synů v kontextu jejich rodinného života a politickohospodářského rozmachu národně uvědomělé české společnosti. Tato práce si klade za primární cíle analyzovat podnikatelské aktivity Červených spojené s vedením rodinné firmy, podrobně objasnit příčiny jejich značných podnikatelských úspěchů i okolnosti, jež zapříčinily pozdější úpadek jejich firmy, zároveň podrobně analyzovat společenské aktivity Červených a vymezit jejich společenskou roli v době formování moderní české občanské společnosti. Na tyto hlavní badatelské záměry navazují dílčí cíle. V rovině podnikatelských aktivit jsem si dále vytkl za úkol zařadit a zhodnotit postavení firmy v kontextu českého hospodářství a průmyslu a provést srovnání i s předními zahraničními firmami působícími v tomto oboru. Zároveň jsem snažil zhodnotit manažerské schopnosti Červených, popřípadě je zařadit v rámci obecnější typologie podnikatelů do odpovídající kategorie. Dílčím cílem této práce se stalo i zmapování konstrukčních zlepšení dechových nástrojů provedených Červenými. Nekladl jsem si za úkol detailně analyzovat konstrukční přednosti jejich inovací, na druhé straně se domnívám, že k jejich podnikatelské činnosti neodmyslitelně patří i jejich inovační činnost...
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