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Občanské fórum in Slaný
Horáková, Michaela ; Bureš, Jan (advisor) ; Štefek, Martin (referee)
The object of this study is the creation, activity and termination of Občanské fórum (OF) in the central Bohemia city Slaný. The OF in Slaný was established after the general strike on 27th November 1989 at home of one of the founders. Other OF were created spontaneously in the workplace and in schools and gradually merged into the urban OF. In the early days the dialogue was the priority, members of OF Slaný called for discussion by their deputies in the local national committee. The main objective is to clarify the activities of OF and its influence on events in Slaný in November and the days following. Many different people with different interests, motivations and desires came and left the OF. And it influenced his future direction and impact on the political scene in Slaný. Without the establishment of the OF it would be more difficult to put pressure on city officials to allow access to the administration for the non-communist parties. The parties and movements have been isolated. The OF was able to unify the parties and joint efforts have produced results. The functions of the OF were primarily informational, coordination and control. Strategy that both parties (the Communist Party and Občanské fórum) chose was a compromise. It took place the so-called round table and finding the program...
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The Velvet Revolution's influence on public life in Milevsko during 1989-1990 era
Wimmerová, Lucie ; Dvořáková, Vladimíra (advisor) ; Petřík, Martin (referee)
The thesis describes the political events initiated on November 17, 1989, which, after 42 years, led to the end of one-party rule and started the long process of democratization in Czechoslovakia. It analyzes the similarities and differences between the Milevsko policy and the national policy from November 17, 1989 to the June 1990 elections to the Federal Assembly and the Czech National Council. It describes how the democratization process, started with the Velvet Revolution in Prague, reflected in the public life of a small town. It answers questions like whether the political, economic and social changes in Milevsko were the initiative of its citizens, or those recommended by the revolutionary center in Prague? What was the attitude of Milevsko citizens towards these changes? Did they request replacement of politicians and municipal institutions as in Prague, or did they have specific requirements distinct from Prague?
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Transition to Democracy in South Africa and the role of the United Nations
Jarolímová, Lucie ; Lisa, Aleš (advisor) ; Prorok, Vladimír (referee)
The apartheid regime represented the official state ideology in South Africa in the time period from 1948 to 1994. The diploma thesis deals with the issue of South Africa's transition to democracy, in particular, it focuses on the role which was played by the United Nations in this process. Its activities can be sorted out into three main phases. The first phase dated between the years 1948 -- 1966 can be distinguished mainly by the key role played by the General Assembly. The second phase which took place in the period 1967 -- 1989 was primarily focused on the international campaign against apartheid and on the adoption of economic sanctions. The final and the most recent phase occurred in the early 90s (1990 -- 1994) and could be characterized by the role of the UN as a mediator of peace negotiations.
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The Importance of Elections and Electoral System Formation during the Change of Regime in Central European countries
Urbanová, Barbora ; Němec, Jan (advisor) ; Kuta, Martin (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with processes of transition to a democracy and related formation of electoral systems during or after the collapse of authoritarian regimes in Czechoslovakia, Hungary and Poland. The aim is to analyze events connected with the collapse of regime and to explain the influence and the importance of electoral system selection, which helped with the creating and preservation of democracy in these countries. The first chapter deals with electoral systems. The second chapter analyzes processes of transition to democracy. The third chapter deals with specific case studies on individual countries compared. From the point of view of the new democratic regime establishment, each of the country in question went through the different mode of transition to a democracy. In each country the role of elites was different -- their importance was emphasized in Hungary, on the other hand the elite of the previous regime in Czechoslovakia were suppressed thanks to the social support to a new democratic opposition. In Poland they tried to find the calm solution of the situation, they wanted as much power as possible (which they were deprived of by the opposition very quickly).The electoral systems for the support of transition process to democracy were also different, the transformation however was without bigger problems in each of the three countries. The importance of electoral processes related especially to the restoration and revival of party system, which proved to be a basic stone of political system in the democratic countries.
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The role of Juan Carlos Bourbon during the Spanish transition to democracy
SVOBODOVÁ, Tereza
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to present the role of Juan Carlos Bourbon during the Spanish transition to democracy. All his acts are given in the wider political context because this is necessary for emphasize his actions. The higher attention is dedicated not only to the personality of Juan Carlos Bourbon, but also to his relation to others representatives of Spanish politics, like Francisco Franco or Adolfo Suárez. In the last chapter the author tried to demonstrate the change of Spanish people?s perception about Juan Carlos Bourbon and the institution of monarchy, based on sociological surveys carried out during the years 1975-2012.
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The economic development of Spain in the years 1975-1986
Voneš, Jakub ; Szobi, Pavel (advisor) ; Podgorný, Pavel (referee)
The content of this work is a description of the political-economic development in Spain during the transition to democracy between 1975 and 1986. In this period the country experienced a change from frankism to democracy. The work is mainly focused on major reforms, the problems associated with the transition, aspiration to become full member of European Economic Community and the shifting economy. The work analyzes the impact of the ongoing crisis and efforts of politicians to resolve this crisis. The work also points to issues beyond the economy, such as terrorism and the role of army. For the research I will use a literature of Czech, Spanish and English origin, studies and unpublished sources of the National Archives in Prague.
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