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Zadluženost veřejného sektoru ve vybraných zemích Evropské unie
Osičková, Eliška
This thesis analyzes the issue of fiscal imbalance in selected member states of European Union, namely, the first 12 states which officially introduced the Euro banknotes and coins in 2002. Empirical part of thesis analyzes the development of indebtedness in selected countries. The thesis also deals with the existence of causal relationship between public debt and economic growth in these countries via regression analysis of data panel for period 1995-2014 and 2008-2014. Sub-analysis of the thesis aims also at research of determinants of public debt in these countries.
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Military expenditure and economic growth: A meta-analysis
Simpartl, Josef ; Havránek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Baxa, Jaromír (referee)
This master's thesis provides a comprehensive meta-analysis inspecting the impact of military expenditures on economic growth. Its objective is to validate several hypotheses using a wide range of studies and the latest methods. The hypotheses included in this thesis are as follows. First, military expenditures reduce economic growth. Second, military expenditures retard growth in less- developed countries. Third, the effect of military expenditures on economic growth is non-linear. The general findings of this thesis support the first hypothesis. This result originates mainly from the significantly negative impact found in recent studies. The thesis also finds indirect evidence in favor of the second hypothesis. Even though the analysis did not find a significant impact on less-developed countries per se, a negative effect associated with African countries provides a persuasive substitute in this regard. Last, this thesis did not find any solid evidence in favor of the non-linearity hypothesis. This is the first time the effect of military expenditures on economic growth was analyzed using the latest methods of meta-analysis and provides robust input into a heated debate within the subfield of peace economics provoked by the recent events. 1
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Is there a direct link between global value chain participation and economic growth? Analysis of EU member countries
Obšil, Tomáš ; Semerák, Vilém (advisor) ; Kábrt, Martin (referee)
This thesis studies the strength of correlation between Global value chain par- ticipation and economic growth in the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Slovenia, Es- tonia, Poland, Austria, Germany, and Hungary from 1995 to 2018. This rela- tionship is demonstrated by using traditional panel data methods, with forward and backward GVC participation as our main explanatory variables and GDP per capita as our response variable. Based on the graphs and initial models, the variables seemed to be correlated; nevertheless, our analysis did not confirm this hypothesis. Furthermore, we use the total value added of the food, textile, and electronic industries as proxy variables for sectoral growth. We found, in most cases, a strong and significant correlation between the growth of these industries and BP and FP. JEL Classification B22, C33, E23, F41, F63, L60, O47, O52 Keywords global value chains, economic growth, central and eastern European countries, forward partic- ipation, backward participation Title Is there a direct link between global value chain participation and economic growth? Analysis of EU member countries.
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Road infrastructure of a selected region
KRTEK, Aleš
This bachelor thesis deals with the relationship between the quality of the road network and economic growth in the region. The aim of this work is to evaluate the connection between the road network and economic growth. The work is divided into two parts. The theoretical part deals with transport infrastructure, economic growth of the region and the relationship between transport and economic growth. The practical part presents the economic indicators used in work, the definition of quality of a I. class road, the improvement of road network quality in each region, out of the 8, that have been selected, and in the end the bachelor thesis contains an evaluation of the relationship between road network quality and economic growth using correlation coefficient
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Economic growth and labour productivity in the Visegrad Group countries
VELECKÝ, Šimon
The thesis deals with the examination of economic growth and labour productivity in the countries of the Visegrad Group, specifically in the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland and Hungary, between 2008 and 2019. Part of the work is also a survey of economic growth and labour productivity of the EU 27 and EU 15 average. At first the thesis explains the theoretical basis concerning to the issue of economic growth, productivity and labour productivity. These findings are then used in the survey. The survey is consisted of four - five -analyses: analysis of economic growth, analysis of labour productivity, analysis of real unit labour costs, analysis of capital labour ratio and regression analysis. Analyses are presented by graphs and tables and use data from the statistical office of the European Union - Eurostat. The findings are subsequently evaluated and compared between the countries. To conclude the links between labour productivity and economic growth, capital labour ratio and the real unit labour costs are examined. This analysis is created using the STATISTICA program. The results of the thesis then point to the economic situation and differences of individual countries of the Visegrad group, EU 27 and EU 15 and compare them with each other.
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Government investment and economic growth
RENDLOVÁ, Šárka
This thesis deals with the analysis of the effect of government investments on economic growth and private sector productivity. First, the development of these categories in the period 1995 to 2018 in the countries of the European Union are analyzed. Government investments are showed as a flow variable in the form of gross fixed capital formation of government institutions, and also as a stock variable - the total fixed assets of government institutions, i.e. public capital stock. Economic growth is analyzed by the growth rate of real gross domestic product. Private sector productivity is analyzed in four groups of branch as real gross value added per employee. Empirical estimation of the impact of government investments on economic growth and private sector productivity uses panel regression analysis including cross-sectional and period fixed effects on a sample of 28 European Union countries in the period 1995-2018. Two basic separate regression models are compiled - the first to estimate the impact of investments on economic growth, which is based on the basic macroeconomic equation of gross domestic product determined by the expenditure method. This model seeks to explain the impact of government investments by the demand side of the economy and in the short term. The second model estimates the impact of government investments on private sector productivity within three groups of main branch and is based on an adjusted production function. The analysis thus shifts to the supply side of the economy and the long term. The statistical significance of government investments was demonstrated for the first regression model and for the second regression model in the branch: Industry including energy, but with a negative sign, and Services.
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Economical growth of the Czech republic and France
VONDRUŠ, Daniel
The aim of this bachelor thesis is macroeconomic comparison of economic growth of the Czech Republic and France. Describe the economic relations between the countries compared. Study the main factors that influence economic growth and subsequently define the differences in his resources in these countries. Especially analyse economic growth from the year 2000 to the present by using selected macroeconomic indicators, then compare them over a period of time and describe their development.
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Process of demographic transition and possible use of demographic dividend in selected countries of the MENA region
Vávrů, Tereza ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (advisor) ; Kraus, Jaroslav (referee)
Process of demographic transition and possible use of demographic dividend in selected countries of the MENA region Abstract The aim of this work is to evaluate the course of demographic transition in the MENA region, mainly in two selected countries - Iran and Iraq. The course of this demographic transition is evaluated based on the analysis of fertility and mortality. Another aim is to evaluate the possible use of the demographic dividend that may occur in these countries. This is mainly to evaluate the key factors which affect the demographic dividend. First, we analyze the development of the age structure which is crucial for defining the beginning and the length of the period of the demographic dividend. Then comes the analysis of other factors such as health, education and employment of the population.These factors determine whether a country is able to effectively exploit the potential of the demographic dividend. It is obvious that not only the favorable age structure but also properly directed government policy is necessary for the period of demographic dividend. In conclusion we summarize the findings of analysis by which we determine at which stages of demographic transition Iran and Iraq are located. In addition, we approximately define the period of the demographic dividend in these two...
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The role of the government in Ireland's economic growth
Poč, Marek ; Kasáková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Šlosarčík, Ivo (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the circumstances behind the economic growth in Ireland. The thesis primarily focuses on the specifics of this process, tries to compare the growth from the Celtic Tiger period and the current economical situation. The thesis tries to analyze how Ireland handled economic problems from the end of the last century and problems caused by the impact of recent financial crisis. It especially focuses on the role of the government in the process of the economic resurgence. The thesis analyzes and compares particular steps of the Irish government during the crisis.
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Determinants of Economic Growth: A Bayesian Model Averaging
Kudashvili, Nikoloz ; Horváth, Roman (advisor) ; Havránek, Tomáš (referee)
MASTER THESIS Determinants of Economic Growth: A Bayesian Model Averaging Author: Bc. Nikoloz Kudashvili Abstract The paper estimates the economic growth determinants across 72 countries using a Bayesian Model Averaging. Unlike the other studies we include debt to GDP ratio as an explanatory variable among 29 growth determinants. For given values of the other variables debt to GDP ratio up to the threshold level is positively related with the growth rate. The coefficient on the ratio has nearly 0.8 posterior inclusion probability suggesting that debt to GDP ratio is an important long term growth determinant. We find that the initial level of GDP, life expectancy and equipment investments have a strong effect on the GDP per capita growth rate together with the debt to GDP ratio.
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