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Specifics of nursing care in patients after transapical aortic valve implantation.
VOTRUBOVÁ, Nataliya
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is a new and an attractive method in cardiology and as well as in cardiac surgery. It is constantly evolving method which has been developed as an alternative to standard open surgery, especially in patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis with unacceptably high perioperative risk or patients who are not suitable for conventional open heart surgery because of age and comorbidities.A teamwork is very importantfor this new method and approach. The choice for TAVI is discussed by the institutional multidisciplinary heart team, typically consisting of interventional cardiologists, imaging-specialists, cardiac surgeons and anaesthesiologists. The first implant in a human being was performed by Cribierin 2002. In Czech Republic this method was first used in 2008. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) was accepted as a minimally invasive alternative to open surgery. This method does not require the use of cardiopulmonary bypass, and cardiac arrest. Other several benefits includinglower risks of bleeding and stroke events, better wound healing, less pain, as well as more rapid early recovery due to preservation of continuity of the sternumthat result in shorter durations of stay in the hospital, earlier rehabilitation and faster returns to normal life. In the presented work was used a combination of qualitative-quantitative methods of investigation. The data was obtained by using the quantitative research. The main technique was using the questionnaires designed for nurses working at the Department of Cardiac Surgery, Hospital Czech Budejovice, a. s. These results were backed up by the implementation of qualitative research, which investigated the patients and physicians view on monitored issues. Questioning method using a semi structured interview technique was used for qualitative research. The results of the survey were processed using descriptive statistics charts in LibreOffice Calc and using diagrams created in LibreOffice Writer. Qualitative results of the research were transcribed from audio recordings and coded, and the base code was created nine categories of interviews with clients/patients and three categories of interviews with doctors. The aim of this work was to explore the specific problem of nursing care about the clients / patients after transapical aortic valve implantation. On the base of our obtained data it is evident, that the client/patient after TAVI may be positioned sideways, the use of surgical drains are less frequently, so the care about the surgical wounds is simpler, patients report less pain in the surgical wound and postoperative rehabilitation and recovery is shorter. H1 - The nurses take care about the clients/patients after transapical aortic valve implantation in the same way as about the clients/patients after open aortic valve replacement, without realizing the differences between the patients treated with different approaches, was not confirmed. The nurses'sees/reported major differences in invasiveness and extent of providing care, rehabilitation, convalescent, in the duration of the hospitalization and better cosmetic effect. The results of the research can serve as a basis for creating the standards of nursing care or educational material for clients/patients. It is also possible to present the results of this work at a specialized seminar for non medical healthcare workers and results can also increase the quality of nursing care about the clients/patients after transapical aortic valve implantation.
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A nursing issue: peripheral venous catheter
TOMÁNKOVÁ NOVÁKOVÁ, Monika
Peripheral venous catheter is used to access the venous system. It is one of the most commonly used invasive procedures in health care facilities. This procedure falls within the competence and daily tasks of nurses. Therefore this type of nursing care is susceptible to risk of proceeding routinely which might result in conscious or unconscious errors. Peripheral venous catheter needs to be introduced into the patient's vein in the following cases: planned parenteral nutrition, infusion or transfusion therapy, application of intravascular medication or contrast media, rehydration, blood sampling (which can be performed immediately after introducing the peripheral venous catheter and before administrating medication) and also during an emergency care for critically ill (such as cardiopulmonary resuscitation). Nurses should be as knowledgeable as possible about this issue so that the peripheral venous catheter can be introduced well and fulfil its purpose. It is important to ensure that nurses obtain all the necessary information about their patients before inserting the catheter and that they are able to properly inform the patients about the procedure and to communicate with them. Next, nurses should be familiar with the correct procedure for inserting catheters, they should be informed about possible contraindications and know how to choose the correct type of catheter as well as where to place it. Furthermore, nurses should care for this vascular access correctly and provide the patient with enough information about taking care of the catheter after the procedure. Finally, nurses should be aware of their own potential errors and also of possible complications. Therefore they should employ aseptic technique so that they can eliminate nosocomial infections. The thesis is divided into a theoretical and an empirical part. The theoretical part focuses on the history of peripheral venous catheters and their types, indications and contraindications, necessary equipment, nursing care, complications, etc. The empirical part consists of a research. The aim of the thesis was to map the use of peripheral venous catheters in hospitals as well as to identify factors that may lead to problems among the patients with peripheral venous catheters. Four research questions were assigned to these aims. 1. What is the procedure prior to inserting a peripheral venous catheter? 2. What are the standards of caring for patients with an inserted peripheral venous catheter? 3. In which steps of caring for peripheral venous catheters do the nurses lack knowledge? What equipment do the nurses prepare in order to insert a peripheral venous catheter? The Bachelor's thesis was conducted using a qualitative research survey. The methods of collecting data included semi-structured interviews and participant observations. The research was carried out only in one hospital ward and it was anonymous. First, the data were collected by means of a semi-structured interview. The nurses were asked 14 questions (see Appendix 8). During this interview, several more subquestions were added. The results of the interviews were then grouped into several categories for the sake of clarity. The second method of collecting data was participant observation. The observed facts were recorded into an observation sheet (see Appendix 9). The same nurses who were interviewed were also observed. This Bachelor's thesis has been written in order to provide a basic overview of the peripheral venous catheters. It could be used as an information source for more experienced as well as novice nurses. The practical output of this Bachelor's thesis is a nursing care standard concerning peripheral venous catheters. This standard was missing in the hospital ward and could help the nurses to take care of these vascular accesses, to proceed correctly and eliminate possible errors (see Appendix10).
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Zoo stavby – architektura jako okno do přírody
Boháč, Ivo
Zoo dnešní podoby je z pohledu architektonického pestrou mozaikou staveb a prvků prakticky v celé typologické škále. Česká republika patří v tomto ohledu k zemím s bohatou historií a velmi rozvinutou sítí současných zoologických zahrad a parků. Přesto neustále chybí ucelený koncepční pohled na danou problematiku, shrnující zkušenosti dosavadního vývoje a vyúsťující do systematického procesu projektové přípravy. Zpracovávaná disertační práce si proto stanovila tyto základní cíle: a) na základě vyhodnocení historického vývoje zoologických zahrad, dosavadních zkušeností a současného stavu řešené problematiky provést systémovou kategorizaci Zoo staveb b) analyzovat základní soudobé principy navrhování Zoo staveb a definovat jejich specifika a vývojové trendy c) vytvořit ucelený dokument sloužící praxi projektanta jako komplexní analytický úvod do dané problematiky d) zajistit vazbu na odborné vysokoškolské studium architekta – specialisty přípravou školních skript a sestavením osnovy volitelného předmětu studia na FA VUT v dané problematice.
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Japanese culture and its impact on negotiations with Czech businessmen
Míková, Hana ; Khelerová, Vladimíra (advisor) ; Vojtíšek, Zdeněk (referee)
This bachelors thesis theme deals with a comparison of two different nations. Japan and Czech republic. A communication between different nations is essential in todays world and for that reason it is necessary to learn the difference between each nation to be able to prevent possible misunderstanding. In this thesis I first describe cultural differences of these two nations and their impact on peoples behaviour. A base for my research is Hofstedes analysis. Whether this analysis is still valid I verify in the practical part of this thesis. At the end of this thesis I describe a possible negotiation between those two nations. Then I outline possible problems and I suggest a way to avoid it.
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Analysis of financial indexes in the Czech banking market and application of the RSW model.
Tiutiunnic, Olga ; Hrdý, Milan (advisor) ; Šmídová, Radana (referee)
The aim of my diploma thesis is to explain the basic financial indexes in the Czech banking sector, to analyze Czech banks with the model of financial health RSW, which was modified according to the specifics of Czech enterprises, and to contribute to the conclusion, if it is possible to apply the model RSW in its modified form for testing financial health of Czech banks. The RSW model results will be compared with achieved results in the model, which I named alternative comparative model (S-model). S-model works with indexes from banks annual reports. The theoretical part will be defined by definition of bank and a brief description of Czech banking, by financial description of the specifics in bank statements and fundamental indexes. Then I will describe the way of using the model RSW in its modified form. In the practical part of my diploma thesis I will test eighteen Czech banks by RSW model and compare achieved banks ratings with the alternative comparative model. I choose the techniques of S-model based on my individually attained knowledge and read literature.
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Dodavatelsko-odběratelské procesy v zemědělství
Pavlová, Kateřina
Pavlová, K. The Customer-Supplier Processes in Agriculture/Diploma thesis. Brno: Mendel University in Brno, 2015. The aim of this thesis is to identify specifics of the customer-supplier processes in agriculture and reveal possible risks. The secondary aim of this thesis is to analyse the inventory management in the customer-supplier chain in agriculture. The practical part of this thesis describes the agricultural sector of the Czech Republic in current time and describes the customer-supplier process and potential specifics. The survey and its results are used to determine the specifics and potential risks of businesses in the sector. The Thesis identifies the main criteria for selecting suppliers and customers and by using a risk map are revealed key risks. By using dynamic model for inventory management are determined optimal parameters for the specific businesses.
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Specifické problémy prodeje a problémy řízení zásob u prodejců osobních automobilů
Stehlík, Michal
The thesis is devoted to identifying of the specifics of the sales and stock management of the sales department of the companies CARTec motor Ltd., an authorized dealer of Jaguar, Land Rover and Range Rover and the company Carent Inc., an authorized dealer and official representative of Ford in the Czech market. The aim is to analyze the processes associated with the sale of the new cars and stock management of the sales department for both companies, to identify the specifics and differences of a sector in which the companies operate. Subsequently find problematic activities and the bottlenecks in the new car sales and management of the sales stocks and propose solutions to these specific problems The proposals for solutions of the identified problems and optimization of the individual processes associated with the sale of new cars can not be put into practice and realize due to the reasons of the stringent conditions and requirements from the importers and manufacturers of these brands when operating in an official authorized dealer network. Companies CARTec motor Ltd. and Carent Inc. should therefore continue to keep the same direction and to practice their trade policy as usual, the sales and service departments operate under the environment and conditions which currently rule the official authorized dealer network and Ford brands JLR almost optimally.
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Nursing care of Pacients after spine surgery
TAKÁCSOVÁ, Alena
The title of my thesis is Nursing care after spinal surgery. The number of patients with problems of different parts of the spine is growing as well as indications to operational solutions. This is due to society trends and a greater load on the body. Therefore operational procedures requiring specific nursing procedures for treatment in the early post-operative period increase. The thesis highlights the issue of specific nursing care for patients with various diseases and parts of spine. It points out that there is no universal measurement of nursing care for different types of operations on the same section of the spine and it is necessary to choose the right procedure in specific nursing care along with subsequent rehabilitation care. The number of people with diseases of the spine indicated for surgery continues to increase. Research mentions modern days numbers compared with the time 20 years ago and I dare say the numbers are disastrous. There is nothing to wonder about. Disproportionate load does not decrease, a sedentary way of life either at work or at home also adds to the risk of developing these diseases. These have resulted in discomfort mainly in personal life of a human, but also threaten their working and social role and disrupt the economic security, which we cannot do without nowadays. In our thesis we deal with already incurred pathological manifestations indicated for a surgery. In other words, what happens to the patient, if they are recommended by our outpatient physician - neurosurgeon for a surgery. The lack of nursing literature on this specific issue was the reason for us to choose this theme. In the theoretical part we will discuss the general structure - spine anatomy and physiology, basic terms related to the basic movements, and curvature of the spine. Since our thesis is focused on nursing care after a surgical treatment of diseases of various sections of the spine at the department of Neurosurgery, Traumatology and the Infectious department in České Budějovice, the theoretical part includes basic theoretical outlines of the most important surgical procedures performed at these departments in the hospital of České Budějovice a.s.. Furthermore, we will get to the specifics of nursing care after these surgeries related to early rehabilitation care and close cooperation with physiotherapists. It should be emphasized that teamwork is the cornerstone in the care of patients after spinal surgery, whose subsequent rehabilitation and education in self-care after being discharged from the hospital care is one of the basic prerequisites for a successful recovery and return to their working and social role. The research part focuses on the following objectives: Aim 1: To determine whether nurses know the correct procedures for early rehabilitation of patients after spinal surgery Aim 2: Find out what is the level of collaboration between nurses and physiotherapists in the specifics of patients after spinal surgery Aim 3: To determine whether the nurse´s education and length of practice has an impact on the provision of specific nursing care for patients after spinal surgery Furthermore, using the research questions related to this issue: Research 1: How do nurses and physiotherapists cooperate in a patient´s care after spinal surgery? Research 2: Is a nurse´s length of practise connected with higher expertise in providing specific nursing care to the patient after a spinal surgery? Research 3: Does the education of nurses affect the knowledge of the specifics of the nursing care to the pacients after a spinal surgery? Research 4: How do nurses extend their knowledge in specifics nursing care for pacients after spinal surgery?
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Dopady ekonomické krize v odvětví cestovního ruchu v České republice
Dvořáková, Simona
Dvořáková, S. Impacts of the economic depression in the tourism sector in the Czech Republic. Diploma thesis. Brno: Mendel University in Brno, 2014. Tourism is among important sectors of the national economy of the Czech Repub-lic, while belonging to the service sector. It is significant because of its impact on the labor market, businesses, transport, environment, etc. The performance of this sector is dependent on external factors -- the situation abroad, natural disasters, political situation. This work deals with the impact of the economic crisis in the tourism sector in the country. This thesis aims to verify and quantify the impact of the economic depression on tourism in the Czech Republic and predict possible future developments in this area. First the definition of tourism. It is then observed the development of tourism at a time in the Czech Republic and describes signifi-cant factors affecting tourism. The following is an estimate of the individual mo-dels, which are studied classical regression model assumptions. On select models, predictions are made for future development and compiled confidence intervals.
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Activation Activities as an Integral Part of Social Work in Nursing Home in Benešov
PLAČKOVÁ, Ivana
This bachelor thesis is aimed to the activation activities as a part of social work in the nursing home. The goal of the theoretical part of bachelor work is to describe social work, roles and job description of social worker and describe each activation activities used in the Nursing home Benešov. In the Theoretical part there are named personality assumptions, roles and job description of social worker in nursing homes. This part deals with descriptions of activities in the Nursing home Benešov. Theoretical part was created by using of analysis and synthesis of data from scientific literature and the other sources of dealing with the problems of the elderly and with activation activities. The goal of practical part is to find what are the possibilities and limits of social work focusing on activation activities in Nursing home Benešov. Depending on the goals have been established two research questions. The main research question is: What are the specifics of social work in a nursing home? Partial research question asks what is the role and activities of social workers in activation activities in the nursing home. For the goal of bachelor thesis was chosen the qualitative research. I have used the questioning method and the technique of the semi-structured interview and the secondary analysis of data and the method of SWOT analysis. The research has shown that social work in a Nursing home Benešov is limited by many factors. There is a lack of financial sources, which greatly affects the activation programs, there is a bad client motivation. Roles and activities of social workers in Nursing home Benešov are similar for the two respondents and one respondent operates mostly as a coordinator of social work and activation activities. The gained knowledge of this bachelor thesis can be used as a source of activation activities and social work in a Nursing home Benešov and also as a basis for improving services in this facility. The work will be used as feedback for the device, where the research was conducted.
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