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Individual human odor as a forensic trail in criminal proceeding made by contact or contactless transmission and its resistance to physical agents
Santariová, Milena ; Bartoš, Luděk (advisor) ; Chmelíková, Eva (referee)
The dissertation thesis consists of four papers that have been published in scientific journals.
Study n. 1
The need to recover evidence from water is quite common in criminal investigation. The article deals with the possibility to collect human scent from such objects and with the ability of specially trained dogs to match such scent samples with scent samples collected from detained suspects. During an experiment, designed as a blind one, it has been proved, that human scent can survive on submerged objects and can be later used for scent identification.
Study n. 2
To collect odors the Czech Republic Police use special fabric sorbents manufactured under the registered mark ARATEX. Before use the fabric sorbent is treated by water vapor sterilization. After the scent identification the sorbent is destroyed. The goal of the study was to verify if the vapor sterilization is effective enough to remove human scent that has already penetrated into the sorbent structure or in other words if the sorbent can be exposed to vapor sterilization and then used again. Specially trained dogs were used to match starting odors with target odors in the line-ups. The results showed that dogs are able to correctly match human odors even after they have being exposed to vapor sterilization.
Study n. 3
The purpose of the study was to determine the temperature at which the human scent is degraded so that a dog would not be able to identify it. In contrast to expectations, eight dogs used in the experiment almost flawlessly identified human scents from five scent donors exposed to temperatures of 100°C, 200°C, 300°C, 400°C, 500°C, 600°C, 700°C, and 800°C. Only two of the dogs were able to identify 5 of 15 scent samples exposed to 900°C. No dog identified a scent exposed to 1000°C. Our study verified heat survivability of human scent far beyond existing expectations.
Study n. 4
We tested the hypothesis that if odor fallout (the release of a human odor onto an untouched object) in human subjects exists, then holding a hand above an absorbent will produce a detectable scent which will be subsequently matched in a detection test by trained dogs. Scents were collected from seven males to sterile cotton absorbent squares. The left hand was used to get the control scent and the right hand served as the target scent. Each experimental subject was sitting and his left hand was laid down on a cotton square for 3 min. The right hand was held 5 cm above another cotton square for 3 min. The scent identification was done by two specially trained police German shepherds. Both dogs performed 14 line-ups and correctly matched the collected scents of all test subjects. The results suggest the existence of human odor fallout, whereby a human scent trace is left by humans even if they do not touch an object.
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The use of dogs in special schools
Kobylková, Anna ; Chaloupková, Helena (advisor) ; Machová, Kristýna (referee)
This thesis focuses on the possibilities of the use of dogs for children from special schools, especially children with autism spectrum disorder. Besides the literature review, a survey of knowledge of the use of dogs in special schools in the Czech Republic was also carried out and also how this is eventually implemented in practice.
The first part presents the review of existing data about the implementation of animal-assisted intervention for children with disabilities. At first inconsistent terminology is described, then selected types of disabilities and requirements regarding the dogs used in animal assisted interventions. For example the fact, that dogs are very appropriate for positive interactions with people, or that proper selection and training of the dogs is necessary. Thereafter are summarized studies about influence of dogs on the physiology through decreasing heart rate, blood pressure and level of cortisol or increasing level of hormones associated with a positive experience. This is followed by findings about the effect of a dog on children with disabilities, mentioning especially considerable impact on the social skills but also other skills and elimination of problem behaviors. It is always necessary to make the study as conclusive as possible. Finally, the need to pay attention to animal welfare and ethics during animal-assisted intervention is mentioned.
In the second part, the results of questionnaire filled in by representatives of special schools are evaluated. Out of the 59 surveyed schools 24 responded. The researched sample demonstrated a high degree of awareness of schools about the possibilities of using dogs. Where it is already used, it has been in most cases described an appropriate and correct implementation with a very good impact on a wide range of areas such as social skills, communication and gross and fine motor skills. All this corresponds with the information summarized in the first part.
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Genetická analýza vybrané dědičné choroby u psů
VOLNÁ, Jitka
In my thesis I concentrated on an analysis of biological samples of 60 dogs, which manifested epilepsy. The aim was to find out the relation between genotype of the selected locus and the occurrence of epilepsy. Based on the results of the analysis, I assessed, whether there is a demonstrable relation between the occurrence of epilepsy and genotype in a particular locus. According to the results, no influence of genotype on the age of first epileptic seizure was proved.
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Hodnocení kvalitativních parametrů ejakulátu psů
Vágenknechtová, Marie
The dog has been accompanying men for eons, according to some literary sources the dog is the very first domesticated animal. My study included 152 dogs of 43 breeds. n total we had 408 ejaculates. We evaluated the proces of collection. Each ejaculate was evaluated on content, sperm count and motility of semen and morphological examination of semen.The evaluation of content and quality of ejaculate brought following average results. Time of ejaculation was 413,16 +- 168,66 seconds; the volume of ejaculate was 8,49 +- 6,51 ml; motility of semen 71,2 +- 16,8 %. There was approximately 69,1 +- 15,7 % of morphologically normal semen in the evaluated ejaculates. The results show, that you can expect quality ejaculate from middle sized sporting dogs. The dogs should be fed with a complete food mixture. The dog should be used for stud from the age of 2 years and in ideal conditions should not mate more often than once a week.
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The re-use of open government data
Hrabě, Jan ; Kučera, Jan (advisor) ; Chlapek, Dušan (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to outline the principles of open government data ("OGD"), to create an insight into the issue of OGD re-use and its users, and to analyse the demand for OGD in the Czech Republic. This work has four objectives. The first is to perform a search for sources of information on the topic of OGD re-use in the Czech Republic and from abroad. The second is to perform a comparison of the level of availability and re-use in the countries mentioned. The third is to define areas of OGD re-use and groups of its users. The last objective is to analyse the de-mand for OGD among users in the Czech Republic. These goals will be achieved by analysing digital libraries and databases of scientific work and other electronic sources, by choosing indicators and areas of OGD re-use to be compared, by analysing the domestic, as well as foreign information sources on the topic of OGD users and areas of re-use and finally by conducting the research of the demand for OGD among Czech users using a questionnaire. The contribution of this work is a summary of different information sources regarding the OGD issue and including an evaluation of information found, assessing a position of the Czech Republic compared with Great Britain and Slovakia, then the synthesis of the areas of OGD re-use and creating groups of its users, and the main objective in this thesis to execute the primary OGD demand research.
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Chosen problems of genetic diversity of dog
CHLUPATÁ, Lucie
The bachelor thesis is worked out in the form of the research on the theme "Selected questions from the genetic diversity of dogs". The aim of this work was processing of the current situation of scientific knowledge in the field of genetic diversity of dogs. Firstly, the origin is described in the thesis, domestication of dogs, an organisation dealing with dogs breeding and selected breeds of dogs. From the genetic site point of view, the basic terms in genetics are described genetic markers, DNA profile of dog and the methods of evaluation of genetic diversity. In the end of my bachelor thesis I outlined possible recommendations for dog breeders.
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The causes of inception conflicts between dogs in the selected area
ČEJNOVÁ, Monika
The object of my thesis was the find out process of education and training dogs in selected area, if were respondents completed any education course for dog owners, and further to find out,if their dog came in to conflict with other dog and for what situation. Questionnaire investigation was pointed on dog owners in Jindřichův Hradec and in Lodhéřov. Results shows, that somebody from respondents do not visited education course for dog owners. Dogs in the city has better education and training than dogs in the village and from this follow number of conflicts between dogs. Into conflict with other dog came 39 dogs from city and 43 dogs from village. At the most were dogs getting into conflict during the walk and most mentioned cause was intolerance between dogs.
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